The Coordinated Regulation Effects of Sowing Date on Yield and Quality of Early Indica Rice
Received date: 2025-12-24
Online published: 2026-05-11
To determine the optimal sowing window for high yield and quality of early indica rice in the Quzhou region, two cultivars—Zhongzu 100 and Zhongzao 39—were used as experimental materials under five sowing date treatments(T1, early spring low-temperature stress; T2, conventional sowing date; T3, optimal light-temperature resource utilization; T4, high-temperature grain-filling period; T5, delayed sowing stress). The effects of sowing date on rice growth stages, physiological traits, yield components, and grain quality were systematically analyzed. The results showed that T3 synchronized key growth stages with the peak availability of light and temperature resources, maintaining the most stable physiological status in plants. Antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD, CAT) remained at relatively low levels, osmotic adjustment substances (soluble sugars, free amino acids) did not accumulate abnormally, and the chlorophyll relative content (SPAD value) was the highest. Yield components were synergistically optimized, with higher numbers of effective panicles, grains per panicle, seed setting rate, and 1000-grain weight, resulting in significantly greater grain yield than the other treatments (p<0.05). Path analysis further revealed that effective panicle number and 1000-grain weight were the primary factors influencing yield, and effective panicle number exerted a significant positive indirect effect on yield via 1000-grain weight. In terms of quality, T3 significantly reduced chalkiness degree and chalky grain percentage, and achieved the highest head rice rate. Based on comprehensive agronomic performance and cultivar characteristics, the suitable sowing period for Zhongzu 100 and Zhongzao 39 in the Quzhou area is early April (T3), with critical boundaries for early and late sowing being late March and late April, respectively. These findings provide theoretical support and practical guidance for precision cultivation and regional cultivar deployment of early indica rice.
GONG Jun, CHEN Jianjiang, YU Kunyu, HUANG Qina, CHEN Linbo, LI Chengyong, ZHENG Jianbin . The Coordinated Regulation Effects of Sowing Date on Yield and Quality of Early Indica Rice[J]. China Rice, 2026 , 32(3) : 9 -15 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.03.003
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