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20 July 2017, Volume 23 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Photosynthesis Light Response Curves of Super High-yielding Hybrid Rice and Model Fitting 2017, 23(4): 1-5.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (686KB) ( )   The typical varieties （Liangyoupeijiu, Y Liangyou 1, Y Liangyou 2, Y Liangyou 900, Chaoyouqianhao） of the super hybrid rice program in different phase were used in this study. Four typical models of photosynthesis light response curve（rectangular hyperbolic model, non-rectangular hyperbolic model, modified rectangular hyperbolic model, and exponential function）were adopted to fit the photosynthesis light response curve of five rice varieties. The results showed that, all the four models could well fit the photosynthesis light response curves of the five rice varieties（R2>0.99）; modified rectangular hyperbolic model had better fitting results in terms of conformity with measured values; the light use efficiency of Y Liangyou 900 and Chaoyouqianhao were highest, Y Liangyou 900 had the highest net photosynthesis rate, the light saturation point of Y Liangyou 900 and Y Liangyou 1 were highest, the dark respiration rate of Y Liangyou 900 and Liangyoupeijiu were highest, and the photosynthetic products were the most consumed. Except Y Liangyou 2, the stomatal conductance of other four varieties were grown faster, and not found stomatal; the water use efficiency of the tested varieties showed a straight line increasement with the increasement of light intensity when the light intensity was less than 800 mmol/（m2·s）. When the light intensity continued to increase, the WUE grew slowly and gradually became stable, but Y Liangyou 900 showed still growth. Therefore, in the bright light intensity and long sunshine hours planting areas, there is still a greater yield potential for Y Liangyou 900.

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Research of Canopy Spectral Characteristics of the Late Rice Populations with Organic Manure and Chemical Fertilizers 2017, 23(4): 6-13.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (1174KB) ( )   Based on different fertilization patterns, the canopy spectral reflectance, the first derivative spectra and normalized spectral characteristics of late rice, and a correlation among leaf nitrogen content, nitrogen accumulation, yield, leaf area index and leaf dry matter accumulation were analyzed. Then the rice nitrogen nutrition diagnosis model with high spectral characteristic parameters as independent variables was constructed. The results showed that: there has a great relevance between leaf nitrogen content with canopy spectral reflectance at 665 nm（p<0.001）, the same with the first derivative spectra at 554 nm and 672 nm（p <0.001）; There has an exponential function by λr: y=684.91e0.028x, the coefficient of determination （R2） was 0.90, and an exponential function by（SDr-SDb）/（SDr+SDb）：y=0.66e0.11x, the coefficient of determination（R2）was 0.88, these two model could diagnose the late rice nitrogen nutrition well under the conditions of organic manure and chemical fertilizers.

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Effects of Pre-anthesis Nitrogen Deficiency on Nitrogen Metabolism Enzyme Activities of Rice Leaves 2017, 23(4): 14-19.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (843KB) ( )   Effects of pre-anthesis nitrogen deficiency at different growth stages on nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities in main functional leaves were studied, using indica-japanica hybirid rice variety Yongyou 12, and indica hybrid rice variety Zhongzheyou 1 as materials. The results showed that, affected by nitrogen deficiency at meiosis stage and rupturing stage, nitrogen concentration, NR, GS, GOGAT, GOT and GPT enzyme activities of top-three leaves were dramatically decreased, but GDH activity was increased significantly. In general, the sensitivity of enzyme activities of leaves at different leaf positions to nitrogen deficiency were enhanced from bottom to top. Furthermore, the effects of nitrogen deficiency at rupturing stage on nitrogen assimilation enzyme activities of indica hybrid rice Zhongzheyou1 was much less than that of meiosis stage. However, indica-japanica hybirid rice Yongyou 12 was still sensitive to nitrogen deficiency during rupturing stage. This indicated that the nitrogen deficiency sensitivity of nitrogen metabolism enzymes in Zhongzheyou 1 plants decreased gradually from meiosis stage to rupturing stage, and the demand for soil available nitrogen was decreased synchronously, while Yongyou 12 had higher demand for soil nitrogen supply.

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Yield Formation Characteristics of Late Hybrid Rice under Machine Transplanting with High Hill Density and Single Seedling Per Hill 2017, 23(4): 20-25.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (832KB) ( )   A field experiment was conducted to compare tillering dynamics, dry matter accumulation, yield and yield components between late rice grown under machine transplanting with high hill density and single seeding per hill （MTHS） and conventional mechanized transplanting （CMT）, using hybrid rice cultivars Taiyou 390 and Longjingyou 1212. Four levels of seeding ages （15, 20, 25 and 30 d） were set for each machine transplanting method. The results showed that the tiller number was higher under CMT that under MTHS, while panicle-bearing tiller percentage under MTHS was 18.36% higher than that under CMT. Spikilets per panicle and secondary branches per panicle under MTHS were 21.00% and 26.92% higher than those under CMT, respectively.Dry matter accumulation was lower under MTHS than under CMT at mid-tillering, higher under MTHS than under CMT at both full heading and maturity. Single shoot dry matter accumulation under MTHS was higher than that under CMT by 0.02g, 0.11g and 0.37g, at mid-tillering, full heading and maturity, respectively. Grain yield under MTHS was 10.08%, 11.08%, 18.64% and 20.07% higher than that under CMT at seedling age of 15, 20, 25 and 30 d, respectively. The study indicated that MTHS could enhance single tiller performance by reducing unproductive tillers, increase sink size by increasing secondary branches per panicle, improve dry matter production after full heading, and consequently increase grain yields.

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Effects of Different Saline Stress on Yield and Physiological Properties of Rice in Soil Culture 2017, 23(4): 26-33.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (953KB) ( )   In order to study the effects of different saline stress on yield and physiological properties of rice at six salinity gradient（0%, 0.07%, 0.14%, 0.21%, 0.28%, 0.35%）, a comparative experiment was conducted using Nanjing 9108 and Yongyou 2640 as materials. Key findings of this study were the following: （1） Saline stress affected the growth and development of rice. Plant height, leaf area and dry matter weight were decreased with the increase of salt concentration. The yield of rice decreased with the increase of salt concentration. When the salt concentration was higher than 0.07%, the yields were significantly lower compared with the control. Yields of Nanjing 9108 were respectively dropped by 14.14%, 43.05%, 58.91%, 65.68% and Yongyou 2640 were dropped by 20.25%, 31.97%, 40.41%, 49.82%. （2）With the increase of salt concentration, the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）, peroxidase（POD） and catalase（CAT）of the leaves of two varieties showed a trend of rise first then fall, and the highest value was given at the level of 0.07%. （3）During heading stage, free proline content in leaves increased with the increase of salt concentration. When the salt concentration was higher than 0.14%, the free proline content increased significantly compared with the control. （4）Under saline stress, rice seedling absorbed Na+ from roots and discharged K+. With the increase of salt concentration, the K+ concentration in different organs decreased and the Na+ concentration increased, in addition to the K+ concentration in the leaves. K+ / Na+ ratio of different parts showed downward trend. S K、Na between stem and leaves increased with the increase of salt concentration. The stem selectively transported K+ and inhibited Na+ into the leaves. SK、N between root and stem decreased with the increase of salt concentration, The stem absorbed Na+ and outputted K+ to the root. Overall, low salt concentration had no significant effect on the yield and physiological characteristics of high yielding rice varieties, once the salt concentration is higher than 0.07%, the effect was significant.

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Interaction of Genotypes with Sowing Dates for Main Quality Traits of Hybrid Mid-indica Rice in Jianghuai Region by AMMI Model 2017, 23(4): 34-38.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (574KB) ( )   In order to explore the suitable sowing datse and improve grain quality of rice, the genetic stability and adaptability of three rice culitivars with five different sowing dates were evaluated for nutritional and eating quality traits （gelatinization temperature, glue consistency, amylose content, protein content）based on AMMI model. The results showed that the differences in nutritional and eating quality traits among genotypes, sowing date and genotype×sowing date interactions were all significant at 1% level. Gelatinization temperature, glue consistency, amylose content, protein content were also significantly different in IPCA value. The environment factors of different sowing date with high mean temperature, enough accumulated sunshine hours and large diurnal temperature range from rice heading stage to maturity stage were beneficial to produce good quality of hybrid mid-indica rice. The order of stability of nutritional and eating quality traits for the 3 cultivars was: Xinlianyou 6>Liangyou 1128>Fengliangyou 4. The order for identifying rice quality of five sowing date was: April 20th >May 10th>May 20th >April 30th>May 30th.

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Study and Integration of Key Techniques for High-yielding and Water-saving Cultivation of Upland Hybrid Rice 2017, 23(4): 39-43.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (551KB) ( )   In order to clarify the key techniques of high-yielding and water-saving cultivations of upland hybrid rice, the field experiments were carried out in the regions along the Huaihe River. 5 upland rice varieties with high and stable yield, and 7 lowland rice varieties with water-saving and drought resistant traits were selected. Further, the key techniques of high-yielding and water-saving cultivations of upland hybrid rice Hanyou 73 were determined in the regions along the Huaihe River: the suitable seeding date ranged from June 5th to 12th, the optimum seeding rate was 2.0 kg/667 m2, the recommended application rate for nitrogen fertilizer was 10~14 kg/667 m2 and 40% nitrogen fertilizer as basal fertilizer, 40% nitrogen fertilizer as tillering fertilizer and 20% nitrogen fertilizer as earing fertilizer.

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Effects of Soil-based Yield at Different Region in Southwest China on Optimized Application Amounts of Nitrogen and its Agronomic Efficiency of Mid-season Hybrid Rice 2017, 23(4): 44-49.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (746KB) ( )   In order to improve the nitrogen efficiency of hybrid rice, the soil-based yield, optimized application amounts of nitrogen and its agronomic efficiency of mid-season hybrid rice were studied, using Ⅱ-you 7, Yuxiangyou 203, Chuanxiangyou 9838 and Rong18 you 1015 as materials, in different ecological sites, soil nutrient statuses and N application levels in 2009-2016. Data were analyzed by using variance correlation, correlation regression and partial correlations. The results showed that the soil-based yield were influenced greatly by soil nutrient statuses, the variations of soil-based yield ranged from 5072.1 to 8351.55 kg/hm2 at 7 ecological sites in Southwest China, the contributions of the soil-based yield （the percentage of the soil-based yield in the fertilized yield）ranged from73.55% to 83.67% on the average of four varieties and 80.05% on the average of seven locations, the regression forecasting model were established between the soil-based yield and soil nutrient statuses（R2 ranged from76.77% to 99.99% ）. There were significant positive effects between the soil-based yield and total nitrogen, total phosphorus of soil，and has significant significantly negative effects with altitude, total potassium and effective phosphorus, respectively. Need to fill nitrogen supply to obtain rice high yield because of the soil nitrogen deficiency, P and K application is not the main direction for increasing rice yield in the Southwest area China. Regression equations were established respectively between optimized application amounts of nitrogen as well as its agronomic efficiencies and the soil-based yield in rice（R2 66.68% and 65.46%）. Applying optimized application amounts of nitrogen ranged from 192.21~74.46 kg/hm2 or the agronomic efficiencies ranged from 19.88~4.51 kg grain/kg N as the soil-based yield ranged from 5 250 kg/hm2 to 9 000 kg/hm2, which would be used as the scientific basis for the determination of efficient applied N amount for full scale rice cultivation.

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Effects of Leaf Senescence Frequentness of Main Rice on Ratoon Ability of Ratooning Rice 2017, 23(4): 50-55.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (664KB) ( )   In order to study the effects of leaf senescence frequentness of main rice on ratooning ability of ratoon rice in rape-rice-rice triple-cropping systems, in the north central region of Jiangxi Province, a field experiment was carried out to compare the ratooning ability, ratooning yield and leaf senescence of the main rice of 10 hybrid rice varieties. The results showed that the seed setting rate of the main rice and the ratooning ability of ratoon rice was positive correlation（R2 was 0.620）, 1000-grain weight, decline percentage with leaves dry weight, decline percentage with chlorophyll, yield of the main rice and ratooning ability were negative correlation （R2 was -0.522, -0.516, -0.637 and -0.676, respectively）. The number of effective panicles of ratoon rice and ratooning ability was significant positive correlation（R2 was 0.757）, the number of effective panicles of ratoon rice and living bud rate was negative correlation（R2 was -0.615）. The Seed setting rate, chlorophyll and the yield of main rice, and the effective panicles and 1000-grain weight of ratoon rice were important factors affecting the ratooning ability. Therefore, Shengliangyou 5814, C liangyou 608, Zhunliangyou 608, Fengliangyouxiang 1 could be planted as ratoon rice in triple-cropping systems, in the north central region of Jiangxi Province.

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Effects of Low Temperature at Booting Stage on Growth and Yield Formation of Rice 2017, 23(4): 56-62.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (752KB) ( )   In order to study the effects of different low temperature intensity（13℃, 15℃ and 17℃） and different duration （3 days, 5 days, 7 days, 9 days） at booting stage on growth and yield formation of rice, japonica rice Nangeng 9108 and indica rice Yangliangyou 6 were planted in artificial chambers. The results showed that the low temperature at booting stage reduced the plant height, length of panicle and the internode length, significantly decreased the dry matter weight at maturity. The rate of shell was increased, the seed setting rate, grains per panicle, grain plumpness and 1000-grain weight were decreased, and the yield decreased significantly. Yangliangyou 6 is more sensitive to low temperature comparing with Nangeng 9108.

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Comparative Study on Yield Formation and Radiation Use Efficiency among Different Flour Rice Varieties under Machine-transplanted Conditions 2017, 23(4): 63-66.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (521KB) ( )   The field experiments were conducted in Yongan Town, Liuyang City, Hunan Province in early and late seasons in 2016. The yield formation and radiation use efficiency were compared among three commonly used flour rice varieties in Hunan Province: Luliangyou 996（LLY996）, Zhongjiazao 17（ZJZ17） and Zhongzao 39 （ZZ39）. The results indicated that the yield of LLY996 was 34.34%~46.18% higher than that of ZJZ17 and ZZ39 in early season, and the differences were significant; while the differences of the yields in late season were insignificant. The grains per panicle, grain weight, dry matter weight at maturity, harvest index of LLY996 were increased by 14.77%~29.41%, 6.11%~13.20%, 23.34%~34.78% and 9.96%~10.65% compared to the other two varieties. The intercepted radiation and radiation use efficiency of LLY996 were increased by 7.29%~13.75% and 14.86%~18.93% compared to the other two varieties.

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Effects of Earthworm Casts Application on Growth and Yield of Rice under Different Nitrogen Rate 2017, 23(4): 67-70.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (472KB) ( )   In order to explore the effects of earthworm casts on growth and yield of rice under different nitrogen application rate, a micro-plot field experiment was conducted under three levels of nitrogen fertilizer（ N1, 9 g/m2; N2，12 g/m2; N3，15 g/m2）and three levels of earthworm casts（EC0, 0; EC1, 16.88 kg/m2; EC2, 33.76 kg/m2）. The results showed that the grain yield, effective panicle numbers and shoot dry weight under different nitrogen levels all ranked as EC2 > EC1 > EC0. The grain yield of EC2 and EC1 were higher than EC0 by 35.4% and 34.3%, respectively. Compared with EC0, EC2 and EC1 had more effective panicle numbers by 41.5% and 21.3%, respectively. Above ground biomass of EC2 and EC1 were higher than EC0 by 47.7% and 25.8%, respectively. The leaf area of EC0 was lower than EC1 and EC2 by 7.1% and 21.4%, and shoot dry weight was lower than EC1 and EC2 by 30.6% and 59.8%, respectively at heading stage. The tiller numbers of EC2 and EC1 were significantly higher than EC0 after transplanting for 40 days（P＜0.05）. As well as SPAD values in EC0 was significantly lower than those in EC2 and EC1 at panicle initiation stage and milk-rape stage（P＜0.05）. However, there were no significant effect on nitrogen absorption from chemical fertilizer in rice growth period（P＞0.05）. The study indicated that applying appropriate amount of earthworm casts could increase the panicle rate, leaf area, SPAD value and shoot dry weight of rice which finally enhance the grain yield.

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Effects of Different Water Management on Seedling Growth of Rice in Straw Substrates 2017, 23(4): 71-74.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (512KB) ( )   In order to clarify the water management mode of substitute soil cultivation strong seedling of mechanically transplanted rice, the effects of three kinds of water management （per 1 d, 3 d, 5 d irrigation to the saturated state matrix）on the growth of rice seedlings were discussed in this study, using Zhongjiazao 17 as material. The results showed that different water managements have obvious effects on the quality of rice seedling. The appropriate water deficit would inhibit the height of seedling, promote the growth of root, improve the activity of root and the seedling rate. The seedlings during the 2~3 leaf stage were sensitive to water deficit. Water deficit made seedlings leaf emergence slow, leaf length and leaf sheath length shorten, light leaf color lighten, exert an inhibitory effect on seedlings growth. However, suitable water deficit would enhance the carbon and nitrogen metabolism, increase the dry weight of seedlings, and improve the strong seedlings index of rice. It was the best for straw substrates cultivation rice seedling in 3 days （W2） irrigation, which was beneficial to improve the comprehensive quality of seedling, and was suitable water management mode for mechanical transplanted rice seedling.

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Effects of Mechanical Hill-drop Drilling on Growth and Yield of Hybrid Rice 2017, 23(4): 75-77.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (396KB) ( )   This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of hill-drop drilling by KDS-08MS direct seeder on growth and yield of hybrid rice in different seeding rates（45 kg/hm2 and 60 kg/hm2）, using Yongyou 538 as material. The results showed that using the mechanical hill-drop drilling technique, although reduced the emergence rate, increased the productive tiller percentage. It improved the growth condition of direct seeding rice, reduced the bending moment of stalk and decreased the risk of lodging in the late growth stage. Compared with manual broadcast, the mechanical hill-drop drilling technique increased the grains per panicle, seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight, and the yield increased by 1.63%~5.48%.

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Effects of High Temperature during Reproductive Growth Phase on Yield of Rice 2017, 23(4): 78-80.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (503KB) ( )   A pot experiment was conducted in phytotron to simulate the high temperature stress at reproductive growth phase, yield and yield characters were investigated under the high temperature stress with different occurring periods and duration. The results showed, the heading and flowering day was identified as 0 d, high temperature stress has been imposed at the period -9 d、-6 d、-3 d、0 d、3 d、6 d、9 d、12 d across reproductive growth phase and the lasted two duration were 3 days and 5 days, respectively, the spkilets setting rate performed same variation tendency between the super hybrid rice variety Y Liangyou 1 and inbred perfect quality rice variety Guiyu 9. The lowest spkilets setting rate appeared at the heading and flowering day, namely 0 d, high temperature damage became more serious as the duration increased. Under the duration 5 days, high temperature stress occurred at the period -3 d reduced the spkilets setting rate seriously and even more than that of at the heading and flowering day with the duration 3 days. The different tolerance to high temperature stress among varieties existed, high temperature tolerance rice varieties should be employed to encounter the heat damage weather at locality ecological sit where high temperature stress is incident.

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Effects of Fertilizer Application Rate on Yield and Population Quality of Super Hybrid Rice at Different Yield Levels 2017, 23(4): 81-88.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (2273KB) ( )   The effects of different fertilization rate（nitrogen fertilizer rate was 0, 210, 300 and 390 kg/hm2, N∶P2O5∶K2O =2∶1∶2, in F0, F1, F2 and F3, respectively） on yield and population quality was studied, using super hybrid rice LYPJ, YLY1, YLY2, YLY900 and CY1000 as materials. The results showed that the yield of YLY2 was highest in F0 and F1 level compared with LYPJ and YLY1, which showed higher effective panicles, earing percentage, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and harvest index; the yield of YLY900 and CY1000 were higher when the fertilizer level was F2 and F3, which showed higher spikelet number per panicle, grain-leaf ratio and harvest index. With the increase of fertilizer amount, the spikelet per panicle, grain-leaf ratio and harvest index were increased first and then decreased, effective panicles and leaf area were increased（except LYPJ）. As a result, YLY2 could obtain high yield in the lower fertilization level, mainly depended on the higher effective panicles. The yield of YLY900 and CY1000 had higher potential in the higher fertilization level, which mainly depended on higher spikelet number per panicle, their lower effective panicles was the main limiting factor for higher yield.

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Effects of Basic Seedling Components and Fertilizer Application Rates on Yield and Dry Matter Production of Machine-transplanted Hybrid Rice 2017, 23(4): 89-93.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (696KB) ( )   In order to explore the effects of different seedlings combination and fertilizer application on yield and dry matter production of machine-transplanted hybrid rice, a field experiment was conducted with Longliangyou 1212 and Longliangyou huazhang as materials. There are three fertilization levels, including F1 （500 kg/hm2），F2 （900 kg/hm2） and F3 （1 400 kg/hm2） and four seedlings combination, including D1（28.6 hill/m2 with one seedling per hill）, D2（23.5 hill/ m2 with one seedling per hill）, D3（23.5 hill/m2 with two seedlings per hill） and D4（19.0 hill/m2 with two seedlings per hill）. The results showed that the effects of fertilizer rates on yield was significant, and the effects of seedlings combination and interaction between F and D on yield were not significant. With the increase in fertilization, the yield and dry matter production increased significantly, but IE and PEP decreased significantly. Considering the yield and economic performance, the amount of fertilizer 900~1 400 kg/hm2 and the seedling combination 23.5~28.6 hill/m2 with one seedlings per hill was suitable for the development of hybrid rice transplanting in Hunan Province.

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Effects of N Application Rate and Plant Density on Grain Yield and N Use Efficiency of Hybrid Rice with Heavy Panicle 2017, 23(4): 94-98.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (500KB) ( )   A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of nitrogen （N） rate and plant density on grain yield and N use efficiency of hybrid rice Deyou 4727 with heavy panicle, and conventional rice Wushansimiao with light panicle, under four N application rate（0，120，165 and 210 kg/hm2, namely N0, N120, N165 and N210）and three plant densities （25.0, 19.1, 12.5 hills/m2, namely D1, D2 and D3）. The results showed that the 25.0 hills/m2 of planting density was the optimum planting density. When the planting density was 25.0 hills/m2, the grain yield of Deyou 4727 was increased with the increasing of N application rate at first and decreased after N application rate exceeding 165 kg/hm2, and the grain yield of Wushansimiao was increased with the increasing of N application rates. The highest grain yield of Deyou 4727（10.90 t/hm2） was in combination of N 165 kg/hm2 and 25.0 hills/m2. Wushansimiao obtained the highest grain yield（10.21 t/hm2）in the combination of N 210 kg/hm2 and 25.0 hills/m2. Under the same plant density, N use efficiency was decreased with the increasing of N application rates. Grain yield and N use efficiency was increased with the increasing of plant densities. It is a key technique for the high-yielding and high-efficiency cultivation of hybrid rice with heavy panicle. N application rate of 165 kg/ hm2 and plant density of 25.0 hills/m2 is the optimum combination.

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Effects of Consecutive Moldboard Plowing with Straw Chopping and Returning to Field on Soil Physical Properties and Yield of Rice 2017, 23(4): 99-101.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.019 Abstract ( )   PDF (485KB) ( )   Field experiments for five consecutive years were conducted to investigate the effects of moldboard plowing with straw chopping and returning to field on soil physical properties, grain yield and its component factors in the rice-wheat rotation system. The results showed that moldboard plowing with straw returning （MPS） could reduce the soil bulk density, compactness and the proportion of solid phase, and which could increase soil capillary porosity and the proportion of liquid phase in the arable soil layer compared with moldboard plowing without straw（MP） at rice harvest. Moreover，the average rice yield of five years test of MPS treatment was increased by 428 kg/hm2 compared with MP treatment. The increase of yield was due to the increase of effective spike number per plant and grain number per spike. In all, under this experimental condition, the moldboard plowing with straw returning improved soil physical structure of arable layer, and increased rice yield.

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Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Yield and Grain Quality of Super Hybrid Rice 2017, 23(4): 102-106.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.020 Abstract ( )   PDF (523KB) ( )   A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of nitrogen application rate on yield and grain quality of super hybrid rice Deyou4727, ordinary hybrid rice Chuanyou 6203 and conventional rice Wushansimiao in Deyang City, Sichuan Province in 2016. The three cultivars were grown under four N treatments （0, 120, 165 and 210 kg/hm2 N, named N0, N120, N165 and N210）. The results showed that the yield of super hybrid rice was increased with the increasing of N application rate at first and then decreased; the treatment N165 produced the maximum yield. The yields of ordinary hybrid and conventional rice were increased with the nitrogen application rate increasing, the treatment N210 recorded the maximum yield, and had no significant difference with treatment N165. The brown rice rate, head rice rate and protein content were increased with the nitrogen application rate increasing. The chalky rice rate and chalkiness degree response to nitrogen application rate varied with cultivars. Nitrogen application rate had no significant effects on gel consistency and amylase content except for gel consistency of ordinary hybrid rice. The difference in yield and grain quality among the cultivars were significant. The yield of super hybrid rice was increased by 8.0% compared with ordinary hybrid rice and conventional rice. The higher yield is due to higher grain weight. The brown rice rate, chalky rice rate, chalkiness degree and gel consistency of super hybrid rice were significantly higher than those of conventional rice, but had lower amylase content and protein content. The head rice rate of super hybrid rice was significantly higher than that of ordinary hybrid rice, but slightly lower than that of conventional rice. Considering the yield and grain quality, the optimum nitrogen application rate of 165 kg/hm2 was proposed for super hybrid rice Deyou 4727 in Chengdu Plain.

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Effects of Biochar Addition on Yield Formation in Early Rice 2017, 23(4): 107-110.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.021 Abstract ( )   PDF (529KB) ( )   In order to clear the effects of biochar addition on yield formation in early rice, a field experiment was conducted with Zhongzao 39 as material in early season in 2015 and 2016. The grain yield, yield components, dry matter production and harvest index were compared between with biochar （C1, 20 t/hm2） and without biochar addition （C0, 0 t/hm2）under three nitrogen levels（N0, 0 kg N/hm2; N1, 90 kg N/hm2; N2, 150 kg N/hm2）. The results showed that C1 treatment produced lower grain yield than did C0 treatment except N1 level in 2015. The average grain yield under C1 treatment was 12.85% lower than that of C0 treatment in 2016. C1 treatment had lower 1000-grain weight than C0 treatment by 2.46%～4.12% and 2.55%～3.76% in 2015 and 2016, respectively. C1 treatment had higher dry matter production after heading than C0 treatment, while harvest index was lower in C1 treatment than in C0 treatment. The maximum difference in harvest index between C1 treatment and C0 treatment was 5.33 percentage and 4.00 percentage in 2015 and 2016, respectively. These results indicated that biochar addition could decrease 1 000 grain weight and harvest index, and consequently reduce the grain yield of early rice.

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Effects of Seed Treatments on Seedling Emergence and Yield of Direct Seeding Rice under Different Direct Seeding Methods 2017, 23(4): 111-114.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.022 Abstract ( )   PDF (430KB) ( )   A field experiment was carried out to explore the effects of seed treatments on seedling emergence and yield of direct seeding rice under different direct seeding methods. The results showed that the rate of emergence was higher in the treatment of the seeds were soaked for 48 h and showed white after germination. There were significant differences in effective panicles and 1 000-grain weight among different seed treatments, but were no significant differences in grains per panicle and seed setting rate. In wet direct seeding, the seeds were soaked for 48 hours and germination to half grain length, which was useful to improve the population size and yield traits. In conclusion, the seeds were soaked for 48h and showed white after germination in dry direct seeding or wet direct seeding, which would have higher rate of emergence and grain yield.

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Study on High Yield Formation and Population Quality Index of Rice in Dry Indica Eco-site of Yunnan Province 2017, 23(4): 115-118.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.023 Abstract ( )   PDF (491KB) ( )   In order to study the high yield formation and population quality index of rice in dry indica eco-site of Yunnan Province, field plot experiment was carried out in 2016 with six different rice varieties as materials. The results showed that the yield of Guangyou 1186, Deyou 4727, Liangyou 2186, Yiyou 673, Liangyou 2161 and Yixiang 3003 was 15.65, 15.29，15.19, 15.18, 14.89, 13.95 t/hm2, respectively. Three types of yield levels（high yield: 13.0~14.0 t/hm2, higher yield: 14.0~15.0 t/hm2, super high yield: 15.0~16.0 t/hm2） were divided in this study. Compared with higher yield varieties, super high yield varieties had 10.25% higher ratio of productive panicle number. Compared with high yield varieties, super high yield varieties had 32.13%, 35.69%, 12.50% higher ratio of spikelets per panicle, filled grains per panicle and seed setting rate, respectively. Compared with higher yield and high yield varieties, super high yield varieties had 10.32%, 30.02% lower ratio of the tiller number in peak seeding stage; percentage of ear-bearing tiller was increased with grain yield increasing. LAI in full heading stage of super high yield varieties was about 7.0, efficient LAI was about 70%. Total spikelet number was increased with increasing grain yield. Comparing with high yield varieties, super high yield varieties had 20.00%, 25.54% higher ratio of filled grain number leaf ratio and grain weight leaf ratio. Compared with high yield varieties, super high yield varieties had 11.70%, 11.96%, 12.35% higher ratio of the dry matter accumulated in heading stage, mature stage and after heading stage, respectively.

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Study on Recommend Fertilization Dosage of Rice at Village-region in Mountainous Area Based on GIS 2017, 23(4): 119-122.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.024 Abstract ( )   PDF (488KB) ( )   In order to explore rational fertilization of rice at village-region in mountainous area, the‘3414’ fertilizer experiment was carried out in Wuzhang Group, Wenxing Village, Jiuzhou Town, Xixiu District, Anshun City, Guizhou Provincein in 2014-2016. The fertilization model is set based on the experiment data from 11 different testing points in 2014-2016 by regression analysis. The distribution maps of each soil available nutrient content（SANC） were created respectively by spacial interpolation analysis, the data of SANC from 24 random sampling points at the testing field through ArcGIS software, and predicted the SANC of all Wuzhang Group’s fields. So we could give suitable fertilization amounts for the fields according to the SANC calculated by the fertilization model based on the soil fertility.

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Effects of Different Fertilization Methods on Yield and Photosynthetic Material Production of Direct Seeding Rice at Different Densities 2017, 23(4): 123-129.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.025 Abstract ( )   PDF (785KB) ( )   A split plot design with two factors was used to study the effects of different densities and fertilization method on Yield and its components and photosynthetic matter accumulation, using conventional japonica rice variety Yungeng 41 as material. The results showed that:（1） Under the different fertilization methods, in the same density, the yields were increased with the increasing of nitrogen fertilizer, the yields of split fertilization were significantly higher than that of controlled release fertilization and the control; at the same N level, the yields were decreased with the increasing of density. （2）Under the controlled release fertilization, in the same density, the effective panicles and grains per panicle were increased with the increasing of nitrogen fertilizer significantly; at the same N level, the effective panicles were increased with the increasing of density, but the grains per panicle were opposite. There are significantly positive relationship between spikelet number per unit area and the yield. Increasing the spikelets per panicle based on suitable panicle number, thus could increase the spikelet number per unit area, which is the main way to improve rice yield.（3） In the same density, the total dry matter accumulation from heading to maturity, the population growth rate, leaf areas and total spikelets were increased with the amount of nitrogen. In this paper, the population structure of A1RPQ4 treatment was better than the other treatments, it had stable dynamics of tillers, higher total dry matter accumulation from heading to maturity, higher spikelet/leaf ratio, grain weight/leaf ratio, and the yield reached 875.14 kg/667 m2.

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Effects of Combined Application of Slow-release Nitrogen Fertilizer and Urea on Yield and Growth Characters of Machine Transplanting Indica Rice in Plateau Areas 2017, 23(4): 130-134.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.026 Abstract ( )   PDF (677KB) ( )   In order to conform the optimal proportion of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and urea combined application of machine transplanting indica rice in plateau areas, using Chuanguyou 7329 as the material, the effects of the different proportion （10∶0, 7∶3, 5∶5 and 3∶7） on yield and growth characters of machine transplanting indica rice were studied under nitrogen application rate of 150 kg/hm2 and 105 kg/hm2. The results showed that the yield of rice under different nitrogen application rate were not significant. According to the proportion of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and urea combined application, the yield of machine transplanting indica rice was 5∶5＞10∶0＞7∶3＞3∶7. The increase of nitrogen application rate could increased the high effective leaf length in heading stage and improved the rice tiller number and leaf area index of heading stage, but decreased the agronomic use efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer and grain-leaf ratio at heading stage under the same proportion. In the different proportion of facilities, the higher the proportion of urea was, the lower the spike rate was. When the proportion is 5∶5, the apparent export percentage and agronomic use efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer of rice was higher. The apporopriate application rate of nitrogen fertilizer was 105 kg/hm2, and the best proportion of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and common urea was 5∶5.

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Effects of Drought Stress on Yield and Growth Characteristics of Rice in Different Periods 2017, 23(4): 135-138.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.027 Abstract ( )   PDF (429KB) ( )   In order to clarify the sensitive period of water during the growth of rice, explore the cultivation measures to resist drought, the effects of drought stress on yield and growth characteristics of rice in different periods were studied, using two conventional japonica cultivars Chugeng 29 and Yungeng 39 as materials，to precisely control soil moisture（water potential） by pot experiment. The results indicated that the yield of Chugeng 29 and Yungeng 39 at different drought stress treatments decreased by 10.63%~47.60% and 6.19%~47.27% respectively, compare with the control. Yield decreased degree ranked as follows: drought stress in early stage of panicle initiation（T2）﹥ drought stress in effective tillering stage（T1）﹥ drought stress in late stage of panicle initiation（T3）﹥ drought stress in booting stage （T4）. Compared with the control, effective panicles per pot of two cultivars were reduced by drought stress in effective tillering stage, the number of spikelet per panicle was obviously reduced by drought stress in early stage of panicle initiation, the number of filled grain per panicle and seed setting rate were obviously reduced by drought stress in late stage of panicle initiation, the seed setting rate or 1 000-grain weight was influenced by drought stress in booting stage.

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Effects of Different Tillage Methods on Growth Characteristics and Yield Formation of Indica Hybrid Rice 2017, 23(4): 139-143.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.028 Abstract ( )   PDF (579KB) ( )   Using Neiwuyou 5399 as material, the effects of different tillage methods on growth characteristics and yield formation of indica hybrid rice were studied. The results showed that there were no significant difference in tillering, effective spike rate, leaf area index, the transport capacity of stem, sheath and leaf, NAR and CGR, but the dry matter accumulation were significantly different at heading stage. During the whole growth period, the amount of nitrogen absorption and phosphorus absorption of rotary-tillage were higher than that of conventional-tillage, but there was no significant difference between the two treatments. There were significant difference in potassium absorption before heading between the two treatments, but were not significant after heading. In yield formation, the total grains per panicle, seed setting rate and 1 000 grain weight of conventional-tillage were significantly higher than those of rotary-tillage. The effective panicles of conventional-tillage was higher than that of rotary-tillage, but was not significant. The yield of conventional-tillage was 11 505.66 kg/hm2, it was slightly higher than that of Rotary-tillage, but was not significant. On the whole, the effects of rotary-tillage and conventional-tillage treatments on growth characteristics and yield of hybrid indica rice were not too great. From the point of view of productivity, we can popularize the method of rotary tillage according to the actual situation.

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Effects of Different Seedling Raising Methods on Seedling Quality and Yield of Rice 2017, 23(4): 144-146.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.029 Abstract ( )   PDF (347KB) ( )   In order to develop a suitable seedling raising method, an experiment was conducted to study the effects of soil open seedling raising, nutrient soil open seedling raising and nutrient soil factory seedling raising methods on seedling quality and grain yield, using Gangyou188 and Nangeng 9108 as materials. The results showed that the different seedling raising methods had no significant effects on the growing stage, but had significant effects on seedling quality and grain yield. The base width of the seedling by soil open seedling raising method was the widest, but the leaf area was the lowest, the fresh and dry weight of aerial part of seedling, the fresh and dry weight of seedling root were lower than that of nutrient soil open seedling raising method. The root numbers of seedling by soil open seedling raising method was the most. The grain yield of rice by soil open seedling raising method was the highest, and the yield of rice by nutrient soil factory seedling raising method was the lowest. The reason for the high yield of rice by soil open seedling raising method were depended on the higher numbers per panicle and seed setting rate.

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Effects of Ear Fertilizer in Diffferent Leaf Age on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Indica rice 2017, 23(4): 147-150.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.030 Abstract ( )   PDF (390KB) ( )   In order to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and improve its use efficiency, the effects of ear fertilizer in different leaf age on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of indica rice was studied without the application of base fertilizer and tiller fertilizer. The results showed that, for 5 leaf stage（60%）and 3 leaf stage（40%）poured nitrogen fertilizer（T3, 120 kg/hm2）, 4 poured leaf stage（100%）nitrogen fertilizer（T4, 120 kg/hm2）, 4 leaf stage（60%）and 2 leaf stage（40%） poured nitrogen fertilizer（T5, 120 kg/hm2）, 5 poured leaf stage（100%）nitrogen fertilizer（T2, 120 kg/hm2）, four times average application of nitrogen fertilizer（CK, 195 kg/hm2）, the rice yields were 12.90, 12.74, 12.69, 12.32, 13.25 t/hm2, nitrogen contribution rate were 17.71%, 16.58%, 16.25%, 13.77%, 19.86%, and agronomic nitrogen utilization rate were 18.08, 16.73, 16.33, 13.26, 13.24 kg/kg, respectively. Compared with CK, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer of the treatment with 5 leaf stage（60%）and 3 leaf stage（40%）poured nitrogen fertilizer was reduced by 38.46%, but the grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency difference was not significant.

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Effects of the Spike-grain Nitrogen Ratio on Yield and Quality of Different Types of Rice in Cold Region 2017, 23(4): 151-156.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.031 Abstract ( )   PDF (646KB) ( )   In order to clarify the effects of nitrogen fertilizer amount on rice yield and quality trait in cold region, the two main cultivated rice cultivars were used in this study, and the nitrogen was applied as the base-tiller, spike-grain nitrogen application ratio of 10∶0, 8∶2, 7∶3, 5∶5 at three N levels as 115, 138, 161 kg/hm2. The results showed that yield of the two varieties ascended with applying nitrogen amount increased, but difference of yield was not significant between different nitrogen applications. It was the highest yield for more tillers and lighter panicle variety Kongyu 131 that the base-tiller and spike-grain nitrogen application ratio were 8∶2. The main reason was that the panicles number increased in the population. It was the highest yield for less tillers and heavier panicle variety Longjing 21 that the base-tiller and spike-grain nitrogen application ratio were 7∶3. The main reason was that grain number per panicle and the higher number of total spikelets increased in the population. During the whole growth period, increasement of total nitrogen made the head rice percentage, protein content increased obviously, whiteness decreased, and starch gelatinization worse for two rice varieties. There was no obvious difference for the rice quality indexes such as roughness, whiteness, amylose content between the middle level and low nitrogen level. At late growth stage, the increasement of base-tiller, spike-grain nitrogen application ratio had no influence on amylose content, and it made the head rice percentage increased, protein content increase obviously, whiteness decreased, and starch gelatinization worse for two rice varieties. Therefore, it could make high yield and good quality at a higher level in cold region that appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer was less than 138 kg/hm2 and base-tiller, spike-grain nitrogen application ratio was less than thirty percent in the cultivation and management of rice in cold region.

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Application of Machine Transplanting in Double Cropping Rice in Jiangxi Province: Status Quo, Problems and Countermeasures 2017, 23(4): 157-159.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.032 Abstract ( )   PDF (581KB) ( )   This paper analyzed the status and problems of application of machine transplanting technique in rice with the data collected from twenty four towns of eight counties in double cropping rice areas in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that machine transplanting had lower cost and higher income compared with the other planting methods. The planting methods were affected by farmers' age, education, land scale and funds and so on. In other words, the younger a farmer is, the better he or she is educated, the greater the scale of land management, the proportion of farmers using machine transplanting technology is relatively higher. Meanwhile, the promotion of mechine transplanting technology is restricted by the complex of seedling raising, high cost of the machine and transplanting, small and scattered paddy fields. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures were put forward.

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Effects of Water-saving and High-yield Cultivation on Yield, Pests and Diseases Incidence, Lodging Resistance of Direct-seeding Rice 2017, 23(4): 160-164.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.033 Abstract ( )   PDF (636KB) ( )   In this study, Texianzhan 25 was grown in farmers’ fields under farmer practices（FP）, “three control” （TC） and “water-saving and high-yield cultivation”（WSHY）, respectively. The rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency, pests and diseases incidence, lodging resistance and economic benefit were investigated. Compared with FP, the disease index of sheath blight, leaf roll rate of cnaphalocrocis medinalis and rice planthopper under TC and WSHY treatments were decreased by 56.5%~69.2% and 70.9%~80.0%, 28.1%~66.5% and 70.1%~71.9%, 35.1%~77.9% and 71.9%~80.8%, respectively. The basic internode length of the 1st, 2nd and 3th internode under TC treatment were reduced by 9.1%~20.1%, 4.7%~12.9% and 1.5%~7.8%, which were also reduced by 23.9%~27.4%, 19.7%~26.8% and 10.2%~21.4% under WSHY treatment, respectively. Lodging resistance was greatly increased under TC and WSHY treatments. The grain yield, nitrogen partial factor productivity and income of TC treatment were increased by 1.7%~5.5%, 11.7%~16.5% and 1 972~2 114 yuan/hm2, and which were increased by 9.9%~19.7%, 34.3%~46.3% and 2 010~4 305 yuan/hm2 of WSHY treatment. In a word, WSHY treatment has obvious advantages and show a good application prospect.

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Effects of Sowing Date on Grain Yield and Quality of Purple Rice 2017, 23(4): 165-167.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.034 Abstract ( )   PDF (508KB) ( )   A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of different sowing dates on grain yield and quality of purple rice Liangtianzi 1 in Changsha region. The results showed that the whole growth period of Liangtianzi 1 was shortened with the delay of sowing date. The effective panicles, grains per panicle, seed setting rate and yield were significantly increased with the delay of sowing date, and the yield of May 31st treatment was 4 693 kg/hm2. Rice quality of purple rice was affected by sowing date. The treatment with the best milling quality was May 11st treatment, and the next was May 21st treatment. The highest content of amylose, crude protein and Se in grain was gained with May 21st treatment, while the highest content of Zn in grain was gained with May 31st treatment. Comprehensively, the optimal sowing date of Liangtianzi 1 for higher yield and fine quality in Changsha region was May 21st to May 31st.

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Research and Application of the Rice Precision Hill-drop Drilling Technology in Shanghai 2017, 23(4): 168-172.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.035 Abstract ( )   PDF (671KB) ( )   In order to clarify the growth features, lodging resistance, population formation and yield performance of mechanical precision hill-drop drilling rice, the experiment and demonstration of different types of rice varieties were carried out using the main rice variety in Shanghai as materials. The economic benefits and the changes of microbial population of soil after using the mechanical precision hill-drop drilling technique were analyzed in this study. The results showed that the mechanical precision hill-drop drilling rice has the characteristics of the shorter period of rice growth, the more tillers per plant, the suitable plants per block, the more weight of dry matter, the higher yield and the less cost. This technique showed high efficiency and less energy, thus it is possible to be populized in the rice production. This method is expected to meet the agricultural requirement in the city. Moreover, it leads to less carbon emission and has broad application prospect.

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Effects of Silicom Fetilizeron on Yield of Submerged Machine Transplanting Rice 2017, 23(4): 173-175.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.036 Abstract ( )   PDF (386KB) ( )   A field experiment was carried out to explore the effects of different silicon fertilizer management on machine transplanting rice after water-logging. The results showed that application of silicon fertilizer could improve the resistance and increase the yield of rice, the yields of treatment 4 were higher than the others. The comprehensive effect showed treatment 4 > treatment 3 > treatment 2 > treatment 1 > treatment 5.

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Preliminary Study of Application of Fertilizer Reduction Technology in Rice 2017, 23(4): 176-179.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.037 Abstract ( )   PDF (412KB) ( )   A field experiment was carried out to explore the effects of fertilizer reduction technology on growth eharacters and yield of rice in this study. The results showed that the yield decreased with the decrease of fertilizer. The yield was highest when the amount of fertilizer was reduced by 10%, the yield of conventional fertilization treatment was the second. There were no significant difference in yield between conventional fertilization and fertilizer reduced by 10% to 20% treatments. The input-output ratio was increased with the decrease of fertilizer. Therefore, it is feasible to application the technology of fertilizer reduction in rice production.

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Effects of Different Row Spacing Transplanting Machines on Yield of Double Cropping Rice 2017, 23(4): 180-182.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.038 Abstract ( )   PDF (323KB) ( )   A field experiment was carried out to explore the effects of different transplanting machine with 25 cm row spacing and 30 cm row spacing on yield of double cropping rice. The results showed that the application of 25 cm spacing transplanting machine had obvious yield advantage in early rice, but the increasing effect was not obvious in late hybrid rice. In practice, we should select the appropriate density and make full use of the advantages of different type of transplanting machine based on the characteristics of different types of rice.

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Study on Medicine and Times of Rice False Smut in Seasonal Indica / Japonica Hybrid Rice in Jiangxi Province 2017, 23(4): 183-186.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.039 Abstract ( )   PDF (505KB) ( )   Choosing the right medicine and control frequency is the key to reducing the risk of rice false smut. In this study, six medicines and three kinds of control times were designed to explore the control effects of rice false smut and yield of rice. The results showed that the control effects of disease panicle rate and disease index in Amistar were 91.53% and 96.63%, but there was no significant difference among different medicine treatments. Three times of Armure and Navito was the best control frequency, the control effects of disease index were 81.73% and 80.15% respectively. The yield of Amistar treatment was the highest. It could increase the yield significantly higher by three times control than other less 3 times treatments.

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Characteristics of High Yield Formation and Corresponding Precise and Quantitative Cultivation Technique for Rice Cultivar Sugeng 815 2017, 23(4): 187-189.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.040 Abstract ( )   PDF (430KB) ( )   Through comprehensive productive test and planting density and nitrogen fertilizer combination test, the characteristics of high yield formation of machine transplanted rice were analyzed, using rice cultivar Sugeng 815 as material. The high yield components, growth characteristics, tiller dynamics, LAI, dry matter accumulation and so on were clarified. Corresponding precise and quantitative cultivation technique for 650~700 kg/667 m2 of Sugeng 815 were summed up in this paper.

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Study on Characteristics of Japonica Rice in Anhui Area along the Yangtze River 2017, 23(4): 190-198.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.041 Abstract ( )   PDF (949KB) ( )   Field experiment was carried out to explore the characteristics of japonica rice in Tongcheng City along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province in 2010 to 2015, using indica hybrid rice, japonica hybrid rice, conventional indica rice as control. The results showed that conventional japonica rice has the characteristics of dwarf and strong stem, straight and short leaves, short and erect spikes; compared with conventional indica rice, conventional japonica rice showed strong photosensitivity, weak tillering rate, high spike rate, late flowering, sensitive to high temperature at booting stage and heading stage, and higher fertilizer tolerance at late stage. The effects of different sowing date on economic traits of conventional japonica rice were mainly on effective panicles and total grains per panicle, and had little effects on seed setting rate and 1 000-grain weight. With the delay of sowing date, the biology yield was decreased and the harvest index was increased. In brief, the dominant conventional japonica rice varieties along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province were sowing in late May, heading in late August or early September, and the high yield cultivation techniques were suggested in this paper.

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Study on Reducing Fertilizer and Improving Benefit of Super Rice Chugeng 37 2017, 23(4): 199-200.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.042 Abstract ( )   PDF (354KB) ( )   A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of reducing fertilizer on yield of rice, Chugeng 37 was used as material. The paper analyzed the economic benefits under the different treatments. The results showed that Chugeng 37 could get higher yield and higher input-output ratio under the conditions of reducing fertilizer by 30%. The proper amount of fertilizer could not only ensure the high yield, but also could reduce the cost and increase the benefit.

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Application Effects of the Two-stage Paddy Cultivation Technique in Shihe District 2017, 23(4): 201-203.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.043 Abstract ( )   PDF (423KB) ( )   This study introduced the theory and method of two-stage paddy cultivation technique, summarized the effects and practice of expanding the two-stage paddy cultivation technique on reducing fertilizer, controlling nitrogen, saving cost and increasing the yield of rice in Shihe District.