机收再生稻高产优质栽培技术研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2023.05.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

再生稻是一种资源高效和环境友好的种植模式，对于稳定水稻种植面积和保障国家口粮安全具有重要意义，发展前景非常广阔。近年来机收再生稻模式在我国南方稻区发展迅速，种植面积已超过100万hm²，周年产量可达到15 t/hm²。但是再生稻头季机收环节造成的再生季产量和加工品质下降，限制了机收再生稻进一步推广和应用。为此，本文重点介绍了机收再生稻的产量和品质形成特点，并总结了机收再生稻高产优质栽培技术的研究进展，旨在为机收再生稻产能的进一步提升提供理论和技术支撑。

关键词: 机收再生稻, 产量, 品质, 栽培技术

Abstract:

Rice ratooning is a resource-efficient and environmental-friendly rice planting system, which is of great significance for stabilizing the rice planting area and ensuring national food security. In recent years, the mechanized rice ratooning system has developed rapidly in China, with a planting area of over 1 million hm² and an annual yield as high as 15 t/hm². More importantly, there is a great potential to further expand the planting area of mechanized ratoon rice in China. However, the yield loss and reduction in milling quality in the ratoon crop due to rolling damage of stubble during the mechanical harvesting of the main crop remain the main constraints for the further expansion of mechanized ratoon rice. This paper introduced the characteristics of yield and quality formation in the mechanized rice ratooning system and summarized the research progresses of the cultivation techniques for yield and quality improvement. Policy intervention was suggested for the sustainable development of ratoon rice production in China.

Key words: mechanized ratoon rice, yield, quality, cultivation technique

中图分类号:

S511.04

杨德生, 黄见良, 彭少兵. 机收再生稻高产优质栽培技术研究进展[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(5): 1-8.

YANG Desheng, HUANG Jianliang, PENG Shaobing. Research Progresses of Mechanized Rice Ratooning Technology for Improving Grain Yield and Quality[J]. China Rice, 2023, 29(5): 1-8.

图/表 5

表1 不同水稻种植模式下的产量、净利润和温室气体排放强度（GHGI）比较

图1 华中地区黄华占和甬优4949作再生稻头季和一季中稻的产量表现数据来源于华中农业大学作物生理生态与栽培研究中心（CPPC）于2014—2021年在湖北省蕲春县和武穴市进行的田间试验。

表2 丰两优香1号作再生稻种植时头季与再生季的产量表现

表3 不同头季收获方式下的再生季产量表现

图2 再生稻头季机收后的稻桩群体（拍摄于2021年8月9日，湖北省蕲春县酒铺村）

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