浅析植物模型在水稻育种和栽培上的应用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.02.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 水稻是重要的粮食作物，以水稻模型为核心的信息技术在水稻生产和育种中具有重要作用。本文对植物模型进行分类，并阐述了每类模型在水稻育种和生产中的作用：水稻功能模型能够预测水稻生长发育过程中包括产量在内的群体指标，能够结合遥感技术、地理信息系统等技术手段为农场主或农业决策部门提供支撑，同时能够进行虚拟实验，完成田间实际难以完成或者消耗较大的科学实验；水稻结构模型能够描述水稻的空间结构变化，用以对水稻冠层进行分析，进行冠层光合潜力的计算，评估理想株型等；水稻功能结构模型可以模拟生物量在器官间的分配，用以进行模拟实验，寻找更为合理的根冠比等，培育优质高产水稻。本文还探寻了制约模型推广应用的各种原因，并且给出一定的解决办法。

关键词: 水稻植物模型, 功能结构, 育种, 栽培

Abstract: Rice is one of the most important crops in China. Information technology，especially rice modelling，will be very useful to rice cultivation and breeding. In this paper, the author preliminary summarized most of plant models and divided them into three categories, process based model （PBM, or functional model）, structural model and functional-structural model （FSPM）. Then the authors briefly told their role in rice cultivation and breeding. The process based model could be used to: predict the rice growth and yield, support the farmer or government to make decision on rice production together with remote sensing technology （RS） and geographic information system （GIS）, do virtual experiments which could not be conducted in the field or would cost a lot. Structural model could be used to quantitatively describe the canopy in detail, calculate the potential photosynthesis capacity of different cultivar canopies and evaluate the rice ideotype, etc. The functional-structural model could be used to simulate the biomass allocated among different organs and then simulate and find the appropriate way to get more productive rice cultivars. The authors also discussed the reasons why the model could not be used broadly and gave some solutions.

Key words: rice, plant model, functions and structure, breeding；cultivation

中图分类号:

S511

李冬1, 丁新泉2, 王俊敏3, 周斌4*, 闫翠香2. 浅析植物模型在水稻育种和栽培上的应用[J]. 中国稻米, 2014, 20(2): 35-39.

LI Dong-1, DING Xin-Quan-2, WANG Jun-Min-3, ZHOU Bin-4*, YAN Cui-Xiang-2. Application of Plant Modeling on Rice Breeding and Cultivation: a Brief Review[J]. , 2014, 20(2): 35-39.

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