南方稻区弱感光型单季稻的抽穗期基因组合探索

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2023.03.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在“双改单”趋势不可避免、农村劳动力越来越紧缺的情况下，选育弱感光型单季稻品种，可缓解单季稻播种期及移栽期劳动力紧缺的问题，有助于稳定并提升单季稻种植面积，从而提高耕地利用率。本研究应用具有hd1Ghd7同质背景的籼稻恢复系D71和中恢161配组衍生的重组自交系，开展分期播种试验，分析DTH8和Hd2各基因型组合的抽穗期变化，筛选弱感光型基因组合。结果显示，在hd1Ghd7背景下的DTH8和Hd2各基因型组合中，dth8hd2和dth8Hd2组合无论播种早晚均表现较短的抽穗期。而DTH8Hd2和DTH8hd2呈现出弱感光性：早播时抽穗期长，保证光温资源的充分利用；迟播时抽穗期缩短，避免秋冬季低温对灌浆结实的影响。尤其是DTH8Hd2组合，早播时其抽穗期较DTH8hd2更长，对光温资源利用更加充分。研究结果为弱感光型单季稻品种培育提供了理论依据。

关键词: 单季稻, 弱感光型, 抽穗期

Abstract:

Under the situation that the development trend of double-cropping rice to single-cropping rice is inevitable and the labor shortage is increasing, breeding single-cropping rice varieties with weak photoperiodic sensitivity (PS) can alleviate the labor shortage during the sowing and transplanting period of single-cropping rice, and help stabilize and increase the planting area of single-cropping rice, and thus improve the land utilization rate. In the present study, two indica restorer lines with a homogeneous genetic background of hd1Ghd7, D71 and Zhonghui161, were used to construct a recombinant inbred lines population. Multiple sowing-date experiments were conducted to screen the lines with weak PS from the genotypic compositions of DTH8 and Hd2. The results showed that dth8hd2 and dth8Hd2 had shorter heading date in the hd1Ghd7 background regardless of sowing-date. In contrast, DTH8Hd2 and DTH8hd2 exhibited weak PS. These two compositions had longer heading date when they were sown early. With delayed sowing-date, heading date of the two combinations shorten, which secured a harvest before cold weather approaches. Compared with DTH8hd2, DTH8Hd2 exhibited longer heading date when they were sown early, ensuring the full use of light and temperature resources. Our study provide a theoretical basis for breeding single-cropping rice varieties with weak PS in southern China.

Key words: single-cropping rice, weak photoperiodic sensitivity, heading date

中图分类号:

S511.03

黄得润, 张振华, 樊叶杨, 王世林, 庄杰云, 朱玉君. 南方稻区弱感光型单季稻的抽穗期基因组合探索[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(3): 41-45.

HUANG Derun, ZHANG Zhenhua, FAN Yeyang, WANG Shilin, ZHUANG Jieyun, ZHU Yujun. Study on Heading Date Gene Combinations of Single-cropping Rice with Weak Photoperiodic Sensitivity in Southern China[J]. China Rice, 2023, 29(3): 41-45.

图/表 4

表1 本研究所用引物信息

表2 不同播期的抽穗期表型

表3 DTH8和Hd2对抽穗期的遗传作用

图1 DTH8Hd2和DTH8hd2基因型组合的抽穗期比较不同字母表示不同基因型组合在 0.05水平上差异显著。

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