中国稻米

中国稻米 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 100-102.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2025.03.0016

• 品种与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

藕-稻轮作对土壤肥力及后茬水稻产量和品质的影响

王志刚1,#, 周佳燕2,#, 周建霞3, 陈惠哲1, 张玉屏1, 向境1, 张义凯1, 徐逸文1, 黄颂迪4,*(), 王亚梁1,*()   

  1. 1中国水稻研究所，杭州 310006
    2浙江省农业技术推广中心，杭州 310020
    3金华市农业科学研究院，浙江 金华 321000
    4广西柳州市柳南区现代农业产业服务中心，广西 柳州 545007
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-19 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-05-14
  • 通讯作者: * 237185171@qq.com
    wangyaliang@caas.cn
  • 作者简介:

    #共同第一作者

  • 基金资助:
    “茭（藕）-稻”品种引选及绿色高效模式研究与示范(2023SNJF004);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项;国家水稻产业技术体系(CARS-01-21)

Effects of Lotus-Rice Rotation on Soil Fertility, Yield and Grain Quality of Subsequent Rice

WANG Zhigang1,#, ZHOU Jiayan2,#, ZHOU Jianxia3, CHEN Huizhe1, ZHANG Yuping1, XIANG Jing1, ZHANG Yikai1, XU Yiwen1, HUANG Songdi4,*(), WANG Yaliang1,*()   

  1. 1China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
    2Zhejiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou 310020, China
    3Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321000, China
    4Modern Agricultural Industry Service Center of Liunan District, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545007
  • Received:2024-08-19 Published:2025-05-20 Online:2025-05-14
  • About author:

    #Co-fist author

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摘要：

浙江人多地少，人均耕地面积仅200 m2左右，粮食自给率不高。为稳定当地水稻种植面积并提高农民收入，开展了藕-稻轮作模式和麦-稻轮作模式比较试验。结果表明，水稻种植前，藕-稻轮作模式的土壤全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量极显著高于麦-稻模式，分别高21.52%、45.28%、274.57%和56.50%，而有机质含量和pH值与麦-稻模式相近；水稻收获后，藕-稻轮作模式下的土壤碱解氮和速效钾含量较麦-稻模式显著降低，分别低13.90%和33.47%，而pH值、有效磷和有机质含量显著或极显著高于麦-稻模式，分别高9.23%、333.78%和58.13%；藕-稻轮作模式水稻产量低于麦-稻模式，其中，每穗实粒数显著高于麦-稻模式，而有效穗数和千粒重显著或极显著低于麦-稻模式；藕-稻轮作模式稻米品质总体上优于麦-稻模式，其中，糙米率和蛋白质含量显著或极显著高于麦-稻模式。在实际生产中，为了协调穗粒结构从而提高水稻产量，建议在藕-稻轮作模式下采取适当增加水稻种植密度、后期少量施用穗肥或者喷施叶面肥等措施。

关键词: 水稻, 种植模式, 藕-稻轮作, 麦-稻模式, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

Zhejiang Province is characterized by a large population and limited land area, with per capita arable land area being approximately 200 square meters, resulting in a relatively low grain self-sufficiency rate. In order to stabilize the rice planting area and increase farmers'income, a comparative experiment between the lotus-rice rotation model and the wheat-rice rotation model was carried out. The results showed that before rice planting, the contents of soil total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in lotus-rice rotation model were significantly higher than those in the wheat-rice rotation model, and increased by 21.52%, 45.28%, 274.57% and 56.50%, respectively, while the organic matter content and pH value were basically similar to wheat-rice rotation model. After rice harvest, the contents of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium were significantly lower than those in the wheat-rice rotation model, and decreased by 13.90% and 33.47%, respectively. However, the pH value, available phosphorus content, and organic matter content were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in the wheat-rice rotation model, and increased by 9.23 %, 333.78 % and 58.13 %, respectively. The rice yield in lotus-rice rotation model was lower than that in wheat-rice rotation model. The number of filled grains per panicle of lotus-rice rotation model was significantly higher than that of wheat-rice rotation model. The effective panicles and 1000-grain weight of lotus-rice rotation model were significantly or extremely significantly lower than those of wheat-rice rotation model. The grain quality in lotus-rice rotation model was generally better than that in wheat-rice rotation model, and the brown rice rate and protein content were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in wheat-rice rotation model. In actual production, to coordinate panicle and grain structure and thereby increase rice yield, it is recommended to adopt measures such as appropriately increasing rice planting density, applying a small amount of ear fertilizer in the later stage, or spraying foliar fertilizer in the lotus-rice rotation model

Key words: rice, planting pattern, lotus-rice rotation model, wheat-rice rotation model, yield, quality

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