中国稻米

中国稻米 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 95-99.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2025.03.0015

• 品种与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

播期影响水稻白叶枯病发生和产量损失的品种间差异研究

周宇尘1, 李润景2, 卢椰子2, 储玉2, 周宇杰3,*(), 蒋楠2,*()   

  1. 1绍兴市粮油作物技术推广中心，浙江 绍兴 312000
    2中国水稻研究所，杭州 310006
    3诸暨市农业技术推广中心，浙江 诸暨 311800
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-29 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-05-14
  • 通讯作者: * zhouyujie1@126.com
    jiangnan@caas.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202116);浙江省水稻新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02063-3);国家自然科学基金-国际（地区）合作与交流项目(32211540714)

Influence of Different Varieties and Sowing Dates on the Occurrence of Rice Bacterial Blight

ZHOU Yuchen1, LI Runjing2, LU Yezi2, CHU Yu2, ZHOU Yujie3,*(), JIANG Nan2,*()   

  1. 1Shaoxing Grain and Oil Crop Technology Extension Center, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
    2China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
    3Zhuji County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Zhuji, Zhejiang 311800, China

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摘要：

水稻是我国2/3以上人口的主粮。由黄单胞菌水稻致病变种（Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryae）侵染引起的水稻白叶枯病在我国逐年加重。随着轻简化栽培技术及新品种的持续推广，加上水稻白叶枯病菌毒性变异等原因，白叶枯病高效防控面临新挑战。为了揭示不同播期下水稻白叶枯病发生规律，更好预防和控制白叶枯病的发生，以不同播期下不同水稻品种白叶枯病发病特征为切入点，探究其病情指数、产量形成及产量损失规律。结果表明，甬优1540播期越晚病情指数越高，嘉丰优2号播期越早病情指数越高，呈现水稻播期较水稻品种对白叶枯病病情指数影响更大的特征。对比不同播期下不同品种的产量损失率可以发现，甬优31的产量损失受播期影响较小，表明其受播期调整及白叶枯病的影响较小，播期弹性更大。

关键词: 水稻, 白叶枯病, 播期, 品种, 产量损失

Abstract:

Rice is the staple food for over two-thirds of China's population. The rice bacterial blight caused by the infection of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryae has been worsening year by year in China. With the continuous promotion of simplified cultivation techniques and new varieties, coupled with the virulence variability of the pathogenic bacteria, posing new challenges to its efficient control. In order to clarify the occurrence patterns of rice bacterial leaf blight under different sowing dates and to better prevent and control the disease, this experiment took the occurrence characteristics of bacterial leaf blight in different rice varieties under different sowing dates as the starting point, exploring the disease index, yield formation, and yield loss patterns. The results indicated that the later sowing date of Yongyou 1540, the higher the disease index, and the earlier the sowing date of Jiafengyou 2, the higher the disease index. This presents a characteristic of rice sowing date having a greater impact on the disease index of white leaf blight than rice varieties. Comparing the yield loss rates of different varieties under different sowing dates, it can be found that the yield loss of Yongyou 31 is less affected by the sowing dates, indicating that it is also less affected by sowing date adjustments and bacterial leaf blight, and has greater sowing date elasticity.

Key words: rice, bacterial blight, sowing date, variety, yield loss

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