施用菌渣对水稻产量、直链淀粉和氨基酸含量的影响
收稿日期: 2023-12-12
网络出版日期: 2024-11-19
基金资助
国家自然科学基金 “基于碳氮代谢解析杂交籼稻高产与优良食味协同形成的生理机制”(32160505);贵州省本级绿色粮油专项“菌渣及氮肥互作对水稻产量和品质影响研究及推广应用示范”(S-2023-008);贵州省水稻现代农业产业技术体系——黔西南综合试验站项目(GZSDCYTX2024-08);贵州省基础研究（自然科学）项目 “基于淀粉精细结构解析稻米蒸煮食味品质形成及劣化的生理机制研究”(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般176);贵州省农业科学院国家自然科学基金后补助项目 “基于碳氮代谢解析杂交籼稻高产与优良食味协同形成的生理机制”(黔农科院国基后补助[2022]04号)
Study on the Effects of Mushroom Residue Application on Amylose and Amino Acid Content of Rice
Received date: 2023-12-12
Online published: 2024-11-19
废弃菌渣是一种可循环利用的资源。以杂交籼稻品种晶两优534和籼粳杂交稻品种甬优1540为材料，在相同氮肥用量（180 kg/hm2）下，设置4个菌渣施用量处理（B0，不施用；B1，施用量1.5万棒/hm2；B2，施用量3.0万棒/hm2；B3，施用量4.5万棒/hm2），研究不同菌渣施用量对水稻产量、稻米直链淀粉和氨基酸含量的影响。结果表明，增施菌渣有利于水稻产量提高，但增产不显著；B3处理下两品种稻米直链淀粉含量比B0处理显著增加14.92%~16.74%，氨基酸总含量、必需氨基酸含量、16种组分氨基酸含量分别显著降低67.68%~75.51%、63.73%~75.21%和16.93%~84.20%。与B0处理相比，B1和B2处理下晶两优534稻米直链淀粉含量略有降低，但稻米总氨基酸含量、必需氨基酸含量和除蛋氨酸外的15种组分氨基酸含量分别显著增加78.43%~100.29%、64.96%~87.18%和14.23%~315.73%；而B1和B2处理下甬优1540稻米直链淀粉含量比B0显著提高26.61%~27.64%，稻米总氨基酸含量、必需氨基酸含量和除蛋氨酸外的15种组分氨基酸含量分别显著降低36.59%~53.46%、34.23%~51.01%和3.78%~68.25%。可见，施氮量为180 kg/hm2时，增施菌渣对水稻产量影响不显著，过多的菌渣施用（B3）会造成稻米直链淀粉含量升高和氨基酸含量降低，菌渣施用量不高于3.0万棒/hm2时有利于籼稻稻米品质提升。
张发丽, 王沁, 曾涛, 蒋明金, 何志旺, 张恒栋 . 施用菌渣对水稻产量、直链淀粉和氨基酸含量的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2024 , 30(6) : 55 -59 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2024.06.009
Waste mushroom residue is a kind of recyclable resource. Four application amounts of mushroom residue (B0, 0; B1, 15 000 bar/hm2; B2, 30 000 bar/hm2; B3, 45 000 bar/hm2) were designed to study the effects of grain yields, amylose and amino acid contents of Jingliangyou 534 (an indica hybrid rice variety) and Yongyou 1540 (an indica-japonica hybrid rice variety). The results showed that, under the same amount of nitrogen fertilizer, compared with B0 treatment, the amylose content of Jingliangyou 534 and Yongyou 1540 of B3 treatment were 14.92%-16.74% higher and the amino acid content, essential amino acid content and amino acid content of 16 components of were 67.68%-75.51%, 63.73%-75.21% and 16.93%-84.20% lower, respectively, and the differences were significantly. Compared with B0 treatment, the amylose content of Jingliangyou 534 of B1 and B2 treatments slightly decreased and the amino acid content, essential amino acid content and amino acid content of 15 components except methionine increased by 78.43%-100.29%、64.96%-87.18% and 14.23%-315.73%, respectively, and the differences were significant. Compared with B0 treatment, the amylose content of Yongyou 1540 of B1 and B2 treatments increased by 26.61%-27.64%, the amino acid content, essential amino acid content and amino acid content of 15 components except methionine decreased by 36.59%-53.46%, 34.23-50.74% and 3.78%-68.25%, respectively. Therefore, when the nitrogen application rate was 180 kg/hm2, there was no significant effect to grain yield by increasing bacterial residue, excessive amount of mushroom residue application (B3) will cause the increase of amylose content and the decrease of amino acid content in rice. The application amount of mushroom residue not exceeding 30 000 bar/hm2 is beneficial for improving rice quality.
Key words： rice; mushroom residue; amylose content; amino acid content
| [1] | 李敏, 韩忠禄, 曾涛, 等. 贵州水稻机械化生产现状、问题与发展对策[J]. 贵州农业科学, 2019, 47(11):129-133. |
| [2] | 周丕东, 刘春波, 张佩. 贵州山地农业机械化发展现状及对策建议[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(7):231-236. |
| [3] | ZHANG H D, CHEN J N, SHAN S L, et al. Proteomic profiling reveals differentially expressed proteins associated with amylase accumulation during rice grain filling[J]. BMC Genomics, 2020, 21: 714. |
| [4] | ZENG D, TIAN Z, RAO Y, et al. Rational design of high-yield and superior-quality rice[J]. Nature Plants, 2017, 3(4): 17 031. |
| [5] | 朱守亮, 张绍刚, 董晓庆. 贵州省食用菌废弃菌棒处理和再利用浅谈[J]. 耕作与栽培, 2017, 33(1):47-49. |
| [6] | 柳霖, 曹铁华, 刘家宏, 等. 基于木耳菌渣的水稻育苗基质筛选研究[J]. 乡村科技, 2020, 11(32):112-114. |
| [7] | 鲍大鹏. 我国食用菌遗传学的发展及展望[J]. 菌物学报, 2021, 40(4):1-16. |
| [8] | 邸春雨. 节肥条件下菌渣还田对水稻产量和土壤肥力的影响[D]. 杭州: 浙江农林大学, 2014. |
| [9] | 陈文博, 王旭东, 石思博, 等. 长期菌渣化肥配施对稻田土壤酶活性的影响及交互效应[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2021, 38(1):21-30. |
| [10] | 胡杨勇. 稻耳轮作制中菌渣还田对水稻产量及土壤肥力的影响[D]. 杭州: 浙江农林大学, 2014. |
| [11] | 石思博, 王旭东, 叶正钱, 等. 菌渣化肥配施对稻田土壤微生物量碳氮和可溶性碳的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(23):8612-8 620. |
| [12] | 龚臣, 王旭东, 倪幸, 等. 长期菌渣化肥配施对稻田土壤活性有机碳组分和有效养分的影响[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2018, 35(2):252-260. |
| [13] | 冯德庆, 黄勤楼, 黄秀声, 等. 菌渣对水稻生长性状、产量及土壤肥力的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2012(1):74-77. |
| [14] | ZHANG H D, HUANG M, WEI Y, et al. Amylose content and starch granule size in rice grains are affected by growing season[J]. Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, 2019, 88(4): 403-412. |
| [15] | 李国生, 张耗, 王志琴, 等. 氮素水平对水稻产量与品质的影响[J]. 扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2007, 28(4):66-70. |
| [16] | 姚姝, 于新, 周丽慧, 等. 氮肥用量和播期对优良食味粳稻直链淀粉含量的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2016, 30(5):532-540. |
| [17] | 董慧, 文继兵, 李娜, 等. 生物有机肥部分替代化肥对水稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2021, 27(15):107-108. |
| [18] | 于诗桐, 陈为. 沼肥对稻米品质的影响研究[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2016, 44(16):38-40. |
| [19] | 陈新红, 刘凯, 徐国伟, 等. 氮素与土壤水分对水稻养分吸收和稻米品质的影响[J]. 西北农业科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2004, 32(3): 15-19. |
| [20] | 陈新红, 徐国伟, 孙华山, 等. 结实期土壤水分与氮素营养对水稻产量与米质的影响[J]. 扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2003, 24(3):37-41. |
| [21] | HUANG M, ZHANG H D, ZHAO C L, et al. Amino acid content in rice grains is affected by high temperature during the early grain-filling period[J]. Scientific Reports, 2019, 9: 2700. |
| [22] | MOSSE J, HURT J, BAUDET J. The amino acid composition of rice grain as a function of nitrogen content as compared with other cereals: A reappraisal of rice chemical scores[J]. Journal of Cereal Science, 1988, 8: 165-175. |
| [23] | HUANG M, ZHAO C R, ZHOU X F, et al. Earthworm responses to cropping rotation with oilseed rape in no-tellage rice fields and the effects of earthworm casts on human-essential amino acid content in rice grains[J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 2018, 127: 58-63. |
| [24] | 马盛群, 王明海. 不同肥源对稻米营养品质的影响[J]. 南京农专学报, 2006, 16(2):28-33. |
| [25] | 杨建昌, 李超卿, 江贻. 稻米氨基酸含量和组分及其调控[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5):1037-1 050. |
| [26] | HUANG M, ZHANG H D, ZHAO C R, et al. Physiological processes contributing to the difference in grain amino acid content between two hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars[J]. Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, 2019, 88(2): 101-107. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |