水稻作为我国主要的口粮作物，其病虫害防治工作关乎国家粮食安全。本文在对 2016年至2024年全国植保专业统计资料分析的基础上，全面总结回顾了“十四五”期间水稻病虫害的发生特征、造成的危害损失以及防控工作取得的成效。同时，系统梳理了农业防治、生物防治、化学防治等绿色防控技术的最新研究进展以及模式创新成果。在此基础上，针对未来水稻绿色安全生产提出了具有针对性的建议，以期为水稻等粮油作物大面积单产提升提供切实可行的实践参考。

Rice, as a major staple food crop in China, has its pest and disease control work directly related to national food security. This paper conducts an in-depth analysis based on the statistical data of the national plant protection discipline from 2016 to 2024. It comprehensively summarizes and reviews the occurrence characteristics, damage and losses caused by rice pests and diseases, as well as the achievements in prevention and control efforts during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. Meanwhile, it systematically reviews the latest advancements and innovative achievements in green prevention and control technologies and models, encompassing agricultural, biological, and chemical control methods. On this basis, targeted suggestions are proposed for the future green production of rice, aiming to provide practical references for increasing the per-unit yield of rice and other grain and oil crops over large areas.