在扬州大学农学院试验农场的盐池（包含轻度、中度和重度盐碱地三类土壤）中，以耐盐水稻品种南粳盐1号作为试验材料，于泡田期设置两种灌排处理（T1和T2），探究滨海盐碱地泡田期不同灌排方式对土壤含盐量以及水稻产量的影响。T1：将盐池内土壤翻地1次，24 h后灌溉3~4 cm水层，24 h后落干，12 h后再次灌溉3~4 cm水层，24 h后排水；循环2次。T2：将盐池内土壤翻地2次，48 h后灌溉3~4 cm水层，48 h后耙地5 cm，落干，12 h后再次灌溉3~4 cm水层，24 h后排水；循环3次。结果表明，轻度、中度和重度盐碱地土壤的脱盐率在T1处理下分别为20.3%、25.7%和34.5%，在T2处理下分别为24.5%、32.4%和42.4%。可见，两种灌排处理均具有较好的脱盐效果，且以T2处理的效果更佳。随着盐胁迫程度加重，水稻拔节期、抽穗期和成熟期的群体茎蘖数及茎蘖成穗率、叶面积指数和干物质量、有效穗数、每穗粒数、结实率、千粒重及水稻产量均呈下降趋势，收获指数则呈增加趋势；与T1处理相比，T2处理提高了轻度、中度和重度盐碱地的水稻关键生育期的群体茎蘖数、茎蘖成穗率、叶面积指数和干物质量及水稻产量（产量增幅分别为1.2%、6.0%和9.1%）。与轻度盐碱地相比，中度和重度盐碱地的水稻产量降幅分别为17.4%和31.1%；本研究表明，合理的泡田期灌排方式有助于快速降低滨海盐碱地土壤的含盐量，进而提高水稻产量。

The experiment was carried out in the salt ponds (containing three types of soil: mild, moderate, and severe saline-alkali soil) at the experimental farm of the College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University. Using the salt-tolerant rice variety Nangengyan 1 as the experimental material, two irrigation and drainage treatments (T1 and T2) were set up to explore the impacts of different irrigation and drainage methods during the ponding period in coastal saline-alkali land on soil salinity and rice yield. T1: The soil in the salt ponds was plowed once; after 24 hours, a 3-4 cm water layer was irrigated; after another 24 hours, the field was allowed to dry; after 12 hours, a 3-4 cm water layer was irrigated again, and after 24 hours, the water was drained; this cycle was repeated twice. T2: The soil in the salt ponds was plowed twice; after 48 hours, a 3-4 cm water layer was irrigated; after another 48 hours, the field was harrowed to a depth of 5 cm and then allowed to dry; after 12 hours, a 3-4 cm water layer was irrigated again, and after 24 hours, the water was drained; this cycle was repeated three times. The results showed that the desalination rates of mild, moderate, and severe saline-alkali soils under T1 treatment were 20.3%, 25.7%, and 34.5% respectively; under T2 treatment, they were 24.5%, 32.4%, and 42.4% respectively. It can be seen that both irrigation and drainage treatments had good desalination effects, with T2 treatment showing a better effect. As the degree of salt stress increased, the population tiller number, tillering panicle rate, leaf area index, dry matter weight, effective panicle number, grains per panicle, seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight and yield of rice at the jointing, heading, and maturity stages showed a decreasing trend, while the harvest index showed an increasing trend. Compared with T1 treatment, T2 treatment increased the population tiller number, tillering panicle rate, leaf area index, dry matter weight and rice yields (with increases of 1.2%, 6.0%, and 9.1% respectively) at key growth stages under mild, moderate, and severe saline-alkali conditions. Compared with mild saline-alkali land, the reductions in rice yield under moderate and severe saline-alkali conditions were 17.4% and 31.1% respectively, mainly due to its positive effects on each component of rice yield. This study indicates that reasonable irrigation and drainage methods during the ponding period help to rapidly reduce soil salinity in coastal saline-alkali land and thereby increase rice yield.