籼稻恢复系R382苗期耐冷生理机制与基因表达特性分析
第一作者：13364950541@163.com
收稿日期: 2026-03-12
网络出版日期: 2026-07-14
基金资助
岳麓山实验室种业专项-重大新品种培育项目(YLS-2025-ZY02001);岳麓山实验室种业专项-青年项目(YLS-2025-ZY04023);湖南省科技创新计划项目(2024RC3183);长沙市自然科学基金(kq2502269)
Analysis of Chilling Tolerance Physiological Mechanism and Gene Expression Characteristics of Indica Rice Restorer Line R382 at the Seedling Stage
1st author: 13364950541@163.com
Received date: 2026-03-12
Online published: 2026-07-14
本研究对26个杂交籼稻恢复系进行苗期耐冷性评价,鉴定出强耐冷性恢复系R382;以大面积推广应用但耐冷性较弱的恢复系9311为对照,通过比较R382与9311耐冷相关生理指标及低温应答基因表达水平的差异,揭示了R382苗期耐冷的生理机制。在相同生长环境下,系统分析了常温及低温胁迫条件下,R382和9311水稻幼苗叶片的多项生理指标变化,包括活性氧(过氧化氢、超氧阴离子)水平、丙二醛含量、抗氧化酶活性、相对电导率及渗透保护物质脯氨酸含量等。同时,采用实时定量PCR技术,检测了苗期低温胁迫下抗氧化酶编码基因(过氧化氢酶OsCATB、超氧化物歧化酶OsFe-SOD、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶OsAPX1)及富含脯氨酸蛋白编码基因OsPRP1的表达水平。结果表明,低温胁迫后,R382的抗氧化酶编码基因表达水平显著高于9311,抗氧化酶活性更强,活性氧及毒性化合物丙二醛积累量更少;同时,其细胞内渗透保护物质脯氨酸含量显著升高,细胞相对电导率较低,这一系列生理及分子层面的差异共同赋予了R382更强的苗期耐冷性。
张静, 朱童童, 徐佳琛, 李连州, 王昱, 张桂莲, 邓化冰, 卢学丹, 唐文帮 . 籼稻恢复系R382苗期耐冷生理机制与基因表达特性分析[J]. 中国稻米, 2026 , 32(4) : 102 -107 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.04.017
In this study, 26 indica hybrid rice restorer lines were evaluated for cold tolerance at the seedling stage, and the strongly cold-tolerant restorer line R382 was identified. Using the widely cultivated but relatively cold-sensitive restorer line 9311 as a control, the physiological mechanisms underlying the cold tolerance of R382 at the seedling stage were revealed by comparing differences in cold-related physiological indices and low-temperature-responsive gene expression levels between R382 and 9311. Under identical growth conditions, changes in several physiological parameters of rice seedlings (leaves) of R382 and 9311 were systematically analyzed under both normal temperature and low-temperature stress, including levels of reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant enzyme activities, relative electrolyte leakage, and the osmoprotectant proline content. In addition, real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the expression levels of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes catalase (OsCATB), iron-superoxide dismutase (OsFe-SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (OsAPX1) and the proline-rich protein gene OsPRP1 under low-temperature stress at the seedling stage. The results showed that after low-temperature treatment, the expression levels of antioxidant enzyme-coding genes in R382 were significantly higher than those in 9311, accompanied by stronger antioxidant enzyme activities, lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the toxic compound MDA, and a marked increase in intracellular proline content, along with lower relative electrolyte leakage. These combined physiological and molecular differences contribute to the stronger cold tolerance of R382 at the seedling stage.
| [1] | 周海, 周明, 杨远柱, 等. RNase ZS1加工UbL40mRNA控制水稻温敏雄性核不育[J]. 遗传, 2014, 36(12):1 274. |
| [2] | 苏如奇, 徐志荣, 韩瑞才, 等. NO对低温胁迫下水稻幼苗生理生化特性的影响[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2020, 42(2):213-218. |
| [3] | 白李唯丹, 戴亮芳, 陈雅玲, 等. 东乡野生稻苗期响应低温胁迫的转录组分析[J]. 热带亚热带植物学报, 2021, 29(6):616-625. |
| [4] | 吴广霞, 杨德光, 唐献龙, 等. 植物低温胁迫生理研究进展[J]. 作物杂志, 2008(3): 17-19. |
| [5] | 赵秀琴, 张婷, 王文生, 等. 水稻低温胁迫不同时间的代谢物谱图分析[J]. 作物学报, 2013, 39(4):720-726. |
| [6] | 刘次桃, 王威, 毛毕刚, 等. 水稻耐低温逆境研究:分子生理机制及育种展望[J]. 遗传, 2018, 40(3):171-185. |
| [7] | 刘涛, 何霞红, 李成云, 等. 低温处理对水稻品种孕穗期抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]. 云南农业大学学报(自然科学), 2015, 30(1):25-29. |
| [8] | 郭慧, 李树杏, 孙平勇, 等. 不同基因型水稻苗期抗氧化系统对低温胁迫的响应[J]. 植物科学学报, 2019, 37(1):63-69. |
| [9] | SARMA B, KASHTOH H, LAMA T T, et al. Abiotic stress in rice: Visiting the physiological response and its tolerance mechanisms[J]. Plants, 2023, 12(23): 3 948. |
| [10] | 王爱国, 罗广华. 植物的超氧物自由基与羟胺反应的定量关系[J]. 植物生理学通讯, 1990, 26(6):55-57. |
| [11] | HE Q, DENG H F, SUN P Y, et al. Hybrid rice[J]. Engineering, 2020, 6(9): 967-973. |
| [12] | 郭建夫, 韩秋帆, 彭康耀. 杂交稻孕穗期及抽穗开花期耐冷性研究[J]. 广东农业科学, 1998(5):2-3. |
| [13] | 宋锦, 刘小壹, 卢学丹. 水稻恢复系R382系列杂交组合抗倒伏性评价与分析[J]. 种子, 2025, 44(1):1-9. |
| [14] | 苗微, 王国骄, 马殿荣, 等. 辽宁省杂草稻幼苗对低温胁迫的生理响应[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2011, 25(6):639-644. |
| [15] | 韩龙植, 高熙宗, 朴钟泽. 水稻耐冷性遗传及基因定位研究概况与展望[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(2):193-198. |
| [16] | 张振宇, 党姝. 低温胁迫对不同粳稻品种耐冷性的影响[J]. 黑龙江农业科学, 2023(12):6-14. |
| [17] | LIU X Y, SONG J, XIONG J Y, et al. Characterization of an excellent hybrid rice restorer line R382 with enhanced lodging resistance[J]. Agronomy, 2024, 14(6): 1 291. |
| [18] | 徐青山, 黄晶, 孙爱军, 等. 低温影响水稻发育机理及调控途径研究进展[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022, 36(2):118-130. |
| [19] | 龚晓平, 况晓明, 罗挺, 等. 低温对水稻突变体cisc(ta)苗期抗氧化系统和氨基酸积累的影响[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2021, 49(24):55-59. |
| [20] | 李辰彦, 李祖军, 田雪飞, 等. 抽穗扬花期低温胁迫对双季晚稻生理特性的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2021, 35(11):2634-2 644. |
| [21] | 权威, 薛文通, 赵天瑶, 等. 植物对低温胁迫的响应机制研究进展[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2023, 28(2):14-22. |
| [22] | 陈巧艳, 李迎迎, 陈刘平, 等. 低温胁迫对不同小麦品种结实率和活性氧代谢的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2018, 46(11):63-65. |
| [23] | VIGHI I L, BENITEZ L C, DO AMARAL M N, et al. Changes in gene expression and catalase activity in Oryza sativa L. under abiotic stress[J]. Genetics and Molecular Research, 2016, 15(4): 15 048 977. |
| [24] | WANG F, WANG H B, LIU B, et al. Cloning and characterization of a novel splicing isoform of the iron-superoxide dismutase gene in rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Plant Cell Reports, 2006, 24(12): 734-742. |
| [25] | SHENG C, YU D L, LI X, et al. OsAPX1 positively contributes to rice blast resistance[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2022, 13: 843 271. |
| [26] | NAWAZ G, HAN Y, USMAN B, et al. Knockout of OsPRP1, a gene encoding proline-rich protein, confers enhanced cold sensitivity in rice (Oryza sativa L) at the seedling stage[J]. 3 Biotech, 2019, 9(7): 254. |
| [27] | RAZA A, CHARAGH S, ABBAS S, et al. Assessment of proline function in higher plants under extreme temperatures[J]. Plant Biology, 2023, 25(3): 379-395. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |