盐胁迫下水稻根系特征及其对产量形成与温室气体排放的影响研究进展
收稿日期: 2026-01-22
网络出版日期: 2026-07-14
基金资助
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0113400);国家自然科学基金(32472222);国家自然科学基金(32001466);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2023355);江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究重大项目(23KJA210004);江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金(BE2022304);江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金(BE2022305);江苏省农业科技创新资金(CX(23)1020);扬州大学“青蓝工程”项目;江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)
Research Progress on Root Traits of Rice under Salt Stress and Their Effects on Yield Formation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Received date: 2026-01-22
Online published: 2026-07-14
水稻是我国第一大口粮作物,实现其丰产稳产不仅是学术界关注的前沿课题,更是推动稻作产业转型升级的核心议题。同时,降低稻田甲烷(CH4)和氧化亚氮(N2O)排放对我国实现“双碳”目标至关重要。当前,我国粮食安全仍面临严峻的“人、地、粮”矛盾。作为宝贵的土地后备资源,我国拥有234万hm2沿海滩涂和1亿hm2内陆盐碱地。水稻因其兼具“利用、改良、培肥”土壤的复合功能,常被用于盐碱地治理。因此,系统解析盐胁迫下水稻根系特征及其与产量形成、温室气体排放的互作机制,对发展盐碱地水稻绿色高产栽培技术具有重要理论价值与实践意义。本文综述了盐胁迫对水稻根系形态、结构与生理特性的影响,阐明了这些特性如何作用于产量形成及稻田CH4与N2O的排放过程;探讨了实现盐碱地水稻丰产与减排协同的关键技术路径;并展望了未来研究的重点方向,旨在为解决盐碱地水稻丰产与温室气体减排的协同难题提供科学依据。
汪璐璐, 张翔, 朱旺, 耿孝宇, 左博源, 马唯一, 陈英龙, 高平磊, 戴其根, 周桂生, 韦还和, 孟天瑶 . 盐胁迫下水稻根系特征及其对产量形成与温室气体排放的影响研究进展[J]. 中国稻米, 2026 , 32(4) : 60 -65 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.04.010
Rice is China's primary staple food crop. Achieving its high and stable yields is not only a frontier topic of concern in academia, but also a core issue driving the transformation and upgrading of the rice industry. At the same time, reducing methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from paddy fields is crucial to China's pursuit of its “dual carbon” goals. Currently, China's food security still faces a severe “people-land-grain” contradiction. As valuable reserve land resources, the country possesses 2.34 million hectares of coastal tidal flats and 100 million hectares of inland saline-alkali land. Owing to its multiple functions of utilizing, ameliorating, and fertilizing soil, rice is often employed in saline-alkali land remediation. Therefore, systematically elucidating the characteristics of rice root systems under salt stress and their interaction mechanisms with yield formation and greenhouse gas emissions holds significant theoretical and practical value for developing green high-yield cultivation technologies for rice in saline-alkali soils. This review summarized the effects of salt stress on rice root morphology, structure, and physiological traits, clarifies how these traits influence yield formation and the processes governing CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy fields, discussed key technical pathways for synchronizing high yields and emission reductions in saline-alkali rice production, and outlines future research priorities. The aim is to provide a scientific basis for resolving the challenge of simultaneously achieving high rice yields and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in saline-alkali lands.
Key words： salt stress; rice; root traits; yield formation; greenhouse gases
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