中国稻米 ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 60-65.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.04.010

• 专论与研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

盐胁迫下水稻根系特征及其对产量形成与温室气体排放的影响研究进展

汪璐璐1,2, 张翔1, 朱旺1,2, 耿孝宇1, 左博源1, 马唯一1, 陈英龙1, 高平磊1, 戴其根1,2, 周桂生2, 韦还和1,2, 孟天瑶2,*()   

  1. 1 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心/扬州大学 水稻产业工程技术研究院/农业农村部盐碱土改良与利用(滨海盐碱地)重点实验室/国家耐盐碱水稻技术创新中心 华东中心, 江苏 扬州 225009
    2 扬州大学教育部农业与农产品安全国际合作联合实验室/扬州大学 农业科技发展研究院, 江苏 扬州 22500
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-22 出版日期:2026-07-20 发布日期:2026-07-14
  • 通讯作者: * tymeng@yzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0113400);国家自然科学基金(32472222);国家自然科学基金(32001466);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2023355);江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究重大项目(23KJA210004);江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金(BE2022304);江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金(BE2022305);江苏省农业科技创新资金(CX(23)1020);扬州大学“青蓝工程”项目;江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)

Research Progress on Root Traits of Rice under Salt Stress and Their Effects on Yield Formation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

WANG Lulu1,2, ZHANG Xiang1, ZHU Wang1,2, GENG Xiaoyu1, ZUO Boyuan1, MA Weiyi1, CHEN Yinglong1, GAO Pinglei1, DAI Qigen1,2, ZHOU Guisheng2, WEI Huanhe1,2, MENG Tianyao2,*()   

  1. 1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production/Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering and Technology, Yangzhou University/Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Coastal Saline-Alkali Land) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/East China Center of National Technical Innovation Center for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
    2 International Joint Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University/Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
  • Received:2026-01-22 Published:2026-07-20 Online:2026-07-14
  • Contact: *tymeng@yzu.edu.cn

摘要:

水稻是我国第一大口粮作物,实现其丰产稳产不仅是学术界关注的前沿课题,更是推动稻作产业转型升级的核心议题。同时,降低稻田甲烷(CH4)和氧化亚氮(N2O)排放对我国实现“双碳”目标至关重要。当前,我国粮食安全仍面临严峻的“人、地、粮”矛盾。作为宝贵的土地后备资源,我国拥有234万hm2沿海滩涂和1亿hm2内陆盐碱地。水稻因其兼具“利用、改良、培肥”土壤的复合功能,常被用于盐碱地治理。因此,系统解析盐胁迫下水稻根系特征及其与产量形成、温室气体排放的互作机制,对发展盐碱地水稻绿色高产栽培技术具有重要理论价值与实践意义。本文综述了盐胁迫对水稻根系形态、结构与生理特性的影响,阐明了这些特性如何作用于产量形成及稻田CH4与N2O的排放过程;探讨了实现盐碱地水稻丰产与减排协同的关键技术路径;并展望了未来研究的重点方向,旨在为解决盐碱地水稻丰产与温室气体减排的协同难题提供科学依据。

关键词: 盐胁迫, 水稻, 根系特征, 产量形成, 温室气体

Abstract:

Rice is China's primary staple food crop. Achieving its high and stable yields is not only a frontier topic of concern in academia, but also a core issue driving the transformation and upgrading of the rice industry. At the same time, reducing methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from paddy fields is crucial to China's pursuit of its “dual carbon” goals. Currently, China's food security still faces a severe “people-land-grain” contradiction. As valuable reserve land resources, the country possesses 2.34 million hectares of coastal tidal flats and 100 million hectares of inland saline-alkali land. Owing to its multiple functions of utilizing, ameliorating, and fertilizing soil, rice is often employed in saline-alkali land remediation. Therefore, systematically elucidating the characteristics of rice root systems under salt stress and their interaction mechanisms with yield formation and greenhouse gas emissions holds significant theoretical and practical value for developing green high-yield cultivation technologies for rice in saline-alkali soils. This review summarized the effects of salt stress on rice root morphology, structure, and physiological traits, clarifies how these traits influence yield formation and the processes governing CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy fields, discussed key technical pathways for synchronizing high yields and emission reductions in saline-alkali rice production, and outlines future research priorities. The aim is to provide a scientific basis for resolving the challenge of simultaneously achieving high rice yields and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in saline-alkali lands.

Key words: salt stress, rice, root traits, yield formation, greenhouse gases

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