Regulatory Effects of Low-Temperature Drying and Gibberellic Acid Priming on Seed Germination Traits of Indica and Japonica Rice and Optimization of Pretreatment Protocols

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.06.009

Abstract

Abstract:

To address issues such as delayed seed germination and uneven seedling emergence in rice production, this study investigated the regulatory effects of low-temperature drying duration and gibberellic acid (GA₃) treatment on seed germination across different rice subspecies and identified optimal seed pretreatment protocols. Using the indica rice cultivars 9311 and R208 and the japonica rice cultivars NG98 and NG10 as materials, a gradient drying treatment at 30 ℃ (0-8 d) combined with priming using 100 mg/L GA₃ was implemented. Germination metrics including germination rate, germination energy, and germination index were measured and analyzed, and the effects of treatments were comprehensively evaluated using principal component analysis (PCA). The results demonstrated that under identical conditions, the germination speed and uniformity of indica rice seeds were significantly superior to those of japonica rice. The thousand-grain weight stabilized after 3 days of drying at 30 ℃, while germination metrics initially decreased and subsequently increased with prolonged drying duration. After 8 days of drying, all cultivars exhibited favorable germination characteristics, with germination rates exceeding 90%. Exogenous GA₃ priming significantly enhanced the germination index, with a more pronounced regulatory effect observed in indica rice. PCA revealed that drying duration was the dominant factor in breaking rice seed dormancy, contributing 76.2% to the variance, whereas GA₃ treatment played a significant synergistic role, contributing 16.1%. In conclusion, drying at 30 ℃ for 8 days represents the optimal pretreatment protocol for breaking rice seed dormancy and enhancing germination vigor. These findings provide experimental evidence and technical support for optimizing rice seed pretreatment and enabling precision sowing in field production.

Key words: rice, variety, seed germination, low-temperature drying, gibberellic acid

摘要：

针对水稻生产中种子萌发迟缓、出苗不齐等问题，为明确低温烘干时长与赤霉素（GA₃）处理对不同水稻种子萌发的调控效果，筛选最优种子预处理工艺，以籼稻品种9311、R208和粳稻品种NG98、NG10为试验材料，设置30 ℃梯度烘干（0~8 d）结合100 mg/L GA₃引发处理，测定并分析各品种种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数等萌发指标，通过主成分分析法（PCA）综合评价各处理效果。结果表明，相同条件下籼稻种子萌发速率与整齐度显著优于粳稻种子；种子千粒重在30 ℃烘干3 d后趋于稳定，萌发指标随烘干时长延长呈先降后升趋势，烘干8 d时各品种种子萌发特性表现佳，发芽率均达90%以上；外源GA₃引发可显著提升种子发芽指数，且对籼稻的调控效果更优。主成分分析显示，烘干时长是破除水稻种子休眠的主导因子，贡献率达76.2%，GA₃处理可发挥协同辅助作用，贡献率为16.1%。综上，30 ℃烘干8 d为破除水稻种子休眠、提升种子萌发活力的最优预处理工艺，可为水稻种子预处理优化及田间精准播种提供试验依据与技术支撑。

关键词: 水稻, 品种, 种子萌发, 低温烘干, 赤霉素

CLC Number:

S511.041

CAO Honghui, HUANG Xuan, MAO Donghai. Regulatory Effects of Low-Temperature Drying and Gibberellic Acid Priming on Seed Germination Traits of Indica and Japonica Rice and Optimization of Pretreatment Protocols[J]. China Rice, 2026, 32(6): 63-67.

曹宏辉, 黄璇, 毛东海. 低温烘干与赤霉素引发对籼粳稻种子萌发特性的调控效应及最优预处理工艺[J]. 中国稻米, 2026, 32(6): 63-67.

Figures/Tables 4

References 20

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