Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to studied the effects of two fertilizer managements（A1, all for basal fertilizer; A2, balance fertilizer management）and planting density（C1, 1.4×104 hills/667 m2; C2, 1.1×104 hills /667 m2; C3, 0.8×104 hills/667 m2）on grain yield and yield components under no-tillage condition in winter paddy field in Southwest China, with three hybrid rice Chuanlvyou642, Rongyou1015 and Gangyou725 as materials. The results showed that the yield of hybrid rice under A1 treatment was decreased by 4.76% compared to A2 treatment, but had no significant difference. The grain yield of hybrid rice was increased with the planting density increasing, C1 treatment was highest, and the yield of Chuanlvyou 642 was highest among three hybrid rice. The high grain yield for Chuanlvyou 642 was associated with high effective panicles. There were significant difference in grain yield among three hybrid rice and three planting densities. Thus it can be seen, choosing strong tillering panicle type rice, appropriate increasing the transplanting density, and adopting all for basal fertilizer, is a feasible approach to achieve high yield and save labor under no-tillage condition in winter paddy field in Southwest China.

Key words: no-tillage, hybrid rice, fertilization mode, planting density, grain yield

摘要： 以川绿优642、蓉优1015、冈优725为材料，研究了西南稻区冬水田在免耕条件下施肥模式（A1，“底肥一道清”；A2，平衡施肥）和移栽密度（C1，1.4万丛/667 m2； C2，1.1万丛/667 m2；C3，0.8万丛/667 m2）对杂交中稻产量及其构成的影响。结果表明，A1处理的平均产量要比A2处理低4.76%；随着移栽密度的增加，参试品种产量呈增加趋势，以C1处理的产量最高，较C2和C3处理平均分别增加了2.4%和3.5%；对不同类型品种而言，以川绿优642（多穗型）产量最高，较冈优725（大穗型）和蓉优1015（穗粒兼顾型）分别增加了8.3%～15.6%、6.3%～17.3%，其增产优势主要表现在有效穗数上。施肥方式对杂交中稻产量影响差异不显著，而品种、栽插密度对杂交中稻产量的影响显著。由此可见，选用分蘖力强的穗数型品种，适当增加移栽密度，采用“底肥一道清”的施肥方式是四川冬水田免耕水稻实现高产、省工的有效途径。

关键词: 免耕, 杂交稻, 施肥方式, 移栽密度, 产量