Food security, environment and natural resources prospect, and green development are major issues in agriculture industry. As a staple food crop, rice plays a vital role in ensuring food security and sustainable development of agriculture. Green Super Rice (GSR) was proposed as a new type rice required resistance to multiple diseases and pests, high nutrient-use efficiency, drought tolerance while exhibiting great stress resilience without compromising grain yield and quality, so as to achieve the goal of “fewer pesticides, fewer fertilizers, reduced irrigation, superior quality and high yield” in rice production. The concept and implementation of GSR have contributed to the development of green agriculture worldwide. The concept, progress and perspectives of GSR are reviewed in this paper.