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20 September 2018, Volume 24 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Study on the Abundance-deficiency Index of Soil Available P and K and Appropriate Nutrient Application Rates of P and K for Rice in China 2018, 24(5): 1-10.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (1017KB) ( )   In this paper, the research results on abundance-deficiency index（ADI） of soil available P（SAP） and soil available K（SAK） for rice and appropriate nutrient application rate（ANAR） of P and K conducted in China were systematically summarized. The results showed that the ADI of SAP had a rising trend and the ADI of SAK had a downward trend in China in recent 30 years. There were considerable differences in their ADI of SAP and SAK in different regions, and the ADI of soil Olsen-P and soil NH4OAc-K for rice for 90% relative yield （RY） of the complete nutrients treatment （CNT） except P or K changed from 2.5 to 46 mg/kg and from 21 to 202 mg/kg, respectively. Except the 4 provinces of Liaoning, Fujian, Guangdong and Yunnan, the researches on ADI of SAP and SAK for rice in China had many blank regions. Soil P and K deficiency for rice in China were common, and the abundance-deficiency levels of SAP and SAK for rice focused on level 2～4, and most RYs of the CNT except P or K were between 70%～100%. For research on ADI of soil nutrient, the number of trial sites should not be too little, and using extrapolating data for the high-end and low-end of ADI should be careful and indicated. ANAR and the abundance-deficiency level of soil nutrient were linear negative correlation. ANAR and the yield goal of rice were linear positive correlation. ANAR and the nutrient fertilizer use efficiency in current season （NFUEICS） were linear negative correlation. When the NFUEICS of P was 20% and the target yield was 4.5～15 t/hm2, the ANAR of P for rice of the SAP abundance-deficiency level 1-7 from high to low were 0、20～68、41～135、61～203、81～270、101～338 and 122～405 kg/hm2, respectively. When the NFUEICS of K was 50% and the target yield was 4.5～15.0 t/hm2, the ANAR of K for rice of the SAK abundance-deficiency level 1-7 from high to low were 0, 22～72, 43～144, 65～216, 86～288, 108～360 and 130～432 kg/hm2, respectively.

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Development Status of Rice Seedling Raising Technology for Mechanical Transplanting in China 2018, 24(5): 11-15.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (718KB) ( )   Planting mechanization is the key to the mechanization of rice production. Mechanical transplanting is the main productive technology of rice planting mechanization in China， and seedling raising is the key. Compared with manual transplanting, mechanical transplanting raises higher requirements for seedling quality in respect of both population and individual, which greatly increases the difficulty of seedling raising, which is also the main technical reason restricting the popularization and application of mechanical transplanting in China. This paper collated lots of reports from grass-roots agricultural scientific workers, summarized the problems emerged in the popularization and application of mechanical transplanting in China, analyzed the difference between the seedling raising for manual transplanting and for mechanical transplanting, expounded several main factors affecting the population and individual quality of rice seedling for mechanical transplanting, proposed the research and development direction of the technology of seedling raising for mechanical transplanting.

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A preliminary Study on the Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products Produced by Rice-turtle-fish-duck Ecological Planting and Breeding Mode 2018, 24(5): 16-21.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (776KB) ( )   The ecological planting and breeding of rice-turtle-fish-duck is a kind of new ecological cultivation mode for paddy field spatial fully utilization. In this study, the environment quality of the rice-turtle-fish-duck compound ecological farming base was tested using the green food production standard and the quality and safety of rice, poultry and aquatic products were preliminary studied. The results showed that the ecological farming mode could provide better quality green rice, aquaculture and poultry meat under the condition of the environmental quality of the base meets the standard of green food production.

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Research Progress and Prospect on the Mechanism of Rice Grain Storage Quality Deterioration 2018, 24(5): 22-26.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (568KB) ( )   Rice is a main food crop and is also important reserve food products. Stored rice tends to have poor quality, resulting in a great loss. This article firstly reviewed progresses in the chemically ageing mechanism of stored rice. Rice ageing is a complicated process. Although there were no significant differences in the gross contents of starch, proteins and lipids, the ageing process caused a shift in the components of a number of chemical groupings. And interactions between starch and non-starch components in rice grains during storage would play key roles on the changes of rice overall physicochemical and cooking properties. Then, due to research gap in genetically ageing mechanism of stored rice, a method is proposed to study genetically ageing mechanism of stored rice.

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Effects of Different Drying Method on Drying Rate and Seed Quality of Rice 2018, 24(5): 27-29.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (461KB) ( )   In this experiment, the effects of drying method on seed quality and drying rate were studied, using rice seed of Yongyou 538 as material. The results showed that drying temperature determined drying duration, 50℃ constant temperature drying method significantly shortened the drying time compared to bag drying and air-blowing, the water content declined fastest in rice stack of bag drying at the beginning 8 h of the drying duration. Raising temperature drying improved seed vigor index, 50℃ constant temperature method increased seed vigor index by 26.3%, 22.7% and 14.2% respectively, compared to air-blowing, bag ordinary drying and bag heated drying method, bag heated drying slightly increased seed vigor compared to air-blowing and bag ordinary drying. The research indicated that the bag drying method with air blowing and heating effectively shortened the drying duration time, which can provided a reference for small-scale seed drying in Southern rice area.

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Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Analysis of Rice-based Co-culture System 2018, 24(5): 30-34.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (637KB) ( )   The continuous and heavy application of chemical fertilizers in modern agriculture has brought about a series of problems, such as resource destruction, environmental deterioration and so on. The rice-based co-culture system is a successful case in utilizing facilitation between co-cultured species to reduce chemical fertilizers. This paper reviewed the fertilizer reduction effects on representative rice-based co-culture system in China, analyzed the mechanisms from the aspects of increasing the available nutrients in rice field, promoting the nutrient absorption of rice, reducing the nutrient loss in rice field and reducing the feeding of other organisms. It is suggested that further studies should be strengthened on carbon and nitrogen cycle, organic planting pattern, rice quality, special variety selection and cultivation to promote the development of green and efficient technology model.

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Analysis on the Breeding Difficulty and Innovation Points of New Aromatic Rice Suigeng 18 2018, 24(5): 35-38.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (684KB) ( )   By analyzing its selection background and technical difficulty of the Suigeng 18, a new aromatic rice cultivar in cold region, the authors found that it has following innovation points: the new released rice cultivar with the proprietary intellectual property rights has realized accumulation and integration of good genes in term of high and stable yield, good quality and multiple resistance. With the establishment of core gene pool, it has successfully created the base for aromatic rice breeding. It has demonstrated good breeding effects by using new thought and method to overcome technical difficulty of selecting aromatic rice cultivar in cold region. With extensive adaptability, it has exhibited good potential for enlarging planting areas. It will launch new vitality to the agricultural supply-side structural reform and the development of rice industry through applying the Suigeng 18 into the “breeding-multiplying-marketing” system in cold region.

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Comparative Analysis of Agronomic Traits and Quality of Rice Varieties in China and Japan 2018, 24(5): 39-44.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (533KB) ( )   To promote high quality rice breeding in Heilongjiang province, the plant type traits and quality traits of 9 Japanese japonica rice varieties and 9 Heilongjiang japonica rice varieties were compared in this study. The results showed that there were significant differences in plant type between Heilongjiang varieties and Japanese varieties, the plant height and the diameter of upper 3 internodes of Heilongjiang varieties were higher than that of Japanese varieties significantly. The up 3 leaf of Heilongjiang varieties were longer and wider than Japanese varieties. The blade perpendicularity of Japanese varieties was generally superior to Heilongjiang varieties. Panicle length，panicle weight and grain weight of Heilongjiang varieties were superior to Japanese varieties. There were no significant difference in milling quality and appearance quality between Heilongjiang varieties and Japanese varieties. The amylose content and taste of Heilongjiang varieties were slightly higher than that of Japanese varieties, the protein content was slightly lower than Japanese varieties.

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Research Status and Prospect of Aromatic Rice Breeding in Heilongjiang Province 2018, 24(5): 45-47.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (344KB) ( )   The breeding status and genetic pedigree of aromatic rice varieties were analyzed, using 33 aromatic rice varieties approved by Heilongjiang province as materials. The results showed that the study on aromatic rice breeding in Heilongjiang province started late, and the regional distribution was obviously different. It was mainly concentrated in the first and second accumulated temperture zone, the third and fourth accumulated temperture zone were less. There were 27 aromatic rice varieties which derived from Wuyoudao 1 and Lianxiang 1, accounting for 81.8%. It indicated that the breeding resources of aromatic rice in Heilongjiang province is deficient, the genetic basis is very confined. The only way for the sustainable development of aromatic rice breeding in Heilongjiang province is to fully tap the varieties of farmers, actively introduce the field resources, create new backbone parents and enrich the genetic basis.

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Effects of Reducing Fertilization on Yield, Quality and Grass Suppression of Allelopathic Rice 2018, 24(5): 48-53.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (748KB) ( )   The experiment was conducted under different fertilizer levels to explore the combined effects from allelopathy and the reduced use of fertilizers, with Allelopathy rice 3, Hualiangyou 3, Huazhenyou 3, Nongzhenyou 3 and Hangmeixiangzhan as materials. The results showed that a moderate amount of reducing fertilizer could increase yield and improve quality of rice, the four rice materials with allelopathy characteristics could cause the inhibition of paddy weeds number and biomass, the suppression effect was increasing with the decreased of fertilizer, the Allelopathy rice 3 and Hualiangyou 3 with fertilizer decrease 20% compared with conventional fertilization use could obviously reduce gramineae and broad-leaved weeds, and keep yield and improve quality, the same as Huazhenyou 3 and Nongzhenyou 3 with fertilizer decrease 30%.

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Effects of Combined Application of Calcium Cyanamide and Urea on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Late Rice in Southern Hunan 2018, 24(5): 54-57.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (486KB) ( )   A field experiment was conducted to explore the application effects of calcium cyanamide granular fertilizer in rice production in Hengyang county, Hunan province. The results showed that under the condition of total nitrogen application rate of 150 kg/hm2, the yield of late rice was increased with the application of calcium cyanide granular fertilizer. The yield of 40% combined treatment was significantly increased. The nitrogen accumulation was increased in treatments of combined applying 40%~60% of calcium cyanamide, and significantly increased in 60% treatment. Combined applying of calcium cyanamide could improve nitrogen utilization efficiency, NPFP and ANUE were the highest in 40% treatment, while NUE was the highest in 60% treatment. The correlation analysis showed that the applying proportion of calcium cyanamide were significantly positive correlated with the yield, effective panicles, NPFP and ANUE. So, under the condition of total nitrogen application rate of 150 kg/hm2, combined applying 40% of calcium cyanamide could get higher yield and nitrogen use efficiency of late rice in southern Hunan.

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Effects of Sowing Date on Yield and Quality of Late Japonica Rice with High Quality in Southern China 2018, 24(5): 58-63.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (780KB) ( )   In recent years, the project of “change indica rice to japonica rice” has developed rapidly in the southern double-cropping rice area, such as Jiangxi province. There have been more reports on the high yield varieties and the supporting cultivation techniques of japonica rice. However, it is still not clear about the effects of sowing date on yield and quality of late japonica rice. In this study, the effects of different sowing date on yield and quality of late japonica rice were studied, using high quality late japonica rice Yongyou 1538 as material. The results showed that along with the delay of seeding date, the effective panicles were increased, the spikelet number per panicle and 1 000-grain weight were increased at first and then decreased, the seed setting rate showed a decreased trend, the yield first increased and then decreased, the yield was the highest when the sowing date was June 25. Along with the delay of sowing date, the processing qualities, appearance quality and eating and cooking quality became worse, but the trend of nutritional quality varied with the different indicators. The peak viscosity, hot paste viscosity, cool paste viscosity and breakdown viscosity showed a decreased trend, but the consistency viscosity and setback viscosity showed a increased trend. Timing early sowing was advantageous to achieve high yield and high quality in late japonica rice production in the southern double-cropping rice area.

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Study on Dormancy of the Three Rice Restorer Lines and the Methods for Dormancy Breaking 2018, 24(5): 64-65.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (269KB) ( )   In order to explore the dormancy characteristics of restorer line and the method of breaking dormancy，the germination rate of seeds after soaking with H2O2 / Qianglvjing, GA3 / Qianglvjing, H2O2, Qianglvjing and GA3 were compared in this experiment，using Shuhui 527, Xianghui 299 and Minghui 63 as materials. The results indicated that different regents treatments could break seed dormancy and raise the germination rate of seed. The dormancy from weak to strong is Shuhui 527, Xianghui 299 and Minghui 63.

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Effects of Water Content in Grain on Yield of New Rice Varieties Trial 2018, 24(5): 66-67.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (298KB) ( )   The new variety test of rice is the key process of screening and identification breeding varieties, and the yield is an important index to measure the superiority of varieties. In this paper, two group regional rice varieties of Hunan Province, early rice and one-cropping late rice, were used as materials to analyze the effects of water content in grain on rice yield. The results showed that the water content of early rice and late rice directly affected the yield of each variety, and the difference between the two methods was significant. According to the standard water content, the method of unified conversion of yield could effectively avoid the influence of various factors on yield and truly reflect the yield of each variety.

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Analysis on Development Status and Countermeasures of Ratoon Rice in Hunan 2018, 24(5): 68-72.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (734KB) ( )   Ratoon rice is an important rice cropping pattern. In this article, the development status, advantages and problems of ratoon rice in Hunan Province were analyzed, and the sustainable development countermeasures for ratoon rice were proposed, which was guided by policy, based on science and technology, driven by matching machine, and supported by development of brand.

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Evolution of Rice Sowing Date and its Optimization in South Henan Province 2018, 24(5): 73-77.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (699KB) ( )   Great changes have taken place in sowing date of rice in south of Henan province since 1980s, due to the extensive application of indica hybrid rice variety, dry-raising and sparse-planting, rice film planting, rice mechanical transplanting, “indica rice to japonica rice” and the development of ratoon rice. The sowing date of indica rice and japonica rice are in April and May respectively. The sowing date of ratoon rice is in March. The prolonged sowing date meet the needs of the different type of rice and different cultivation methods, alleviated the seasonal contradiction of large farmers. It is beneficial to increase the cropping index of rice and to optimize the farming system of rice and wheat in south of Henan province. However, there were also some problems such as confusion of sowing date of indica rice and japonica rice, early sowing date of indica rice, decrease of high yield potential caused by greenhouse seedling raising. Especially, early sowing date of indica rice in some areas not only resulted in high temperature damage, but also resulted in the decrease of seed setting rate, yield and grain quality. Which also aggravate the deterioration of the rice and wheat farming system and increase the area of winter fallow fields. Enhancing farmers’ awareness of science and technology, promoting technological transformation and upgrading, improving the land circulation speed and large-scale production are the basic way to optimize rice sowing date in south of Henan province.

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Weeds Control Techniques in Mechanical Direct Seeding Paddy Fields 2018, 24(5): 78-82.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (720KB) ( )   In order to solve the problem of many weeds and difficult to prevent in direct seeding paddy fields, on the basis of investigation of weed occurrence and weed control method in direct seeding paddy fields in Sichuan province, three experiments were conducted as follows: to compare weed control effects between closure-weed control （pre-emergent herbicide control） and steam/leaf herbicide control （post-emergence herbicide control）; to select pre-emergent herbicide used at seeding; to select post-emergence herbicide. The results showed that pre-emergent herbicide should be used at seeding in direct seeding paddy fields and post-emergence herbicide should be used 50 days after sowing. In later stage, combined with the actual situation to decide whether to carry on post-emergence herbicide. The pre-emergent herbicide was made of 60% Machete plus at 1 500 mL/hm2 and 10% Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl at 300 mg/hm2 mixed with 600 L/hm2 water, and the control effect was exceed 90%. On the other hand, Penoxsulam at 900 mL/hm2 and cyhalofop-butyl at 900 mL/hm2 mixed with 600 L/hm2 water were used as post-emergence herbicide, it has good control effects.

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Evaluation on Operational Application of Early Spring Chilling Injury Assessment Model for Early Rice in Quzhou City 2018, 24(5): 83-85.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (336KB) ( )   In order to provide an objective and quantitative reference for early rice yield prediction，based on the meteorological observation data of Quzhou in April 2015 and 2016, the comprehensive evaluation index was calculated according to the model of low temperature damage in early rice seedling stage, and applied in actual production. The results showed that the evaluation model was objective, effective and feasible, which was suitable for popularization and application in production. Through comprehensive evaluation model calculation, the comprehensive evaluation index of chilling injury of early spring rice in Quzhou in 2015 was 0.3, and the cold disaster intensity of early spring in spring was slight. The comprehensive evaluation index of chilling injury of early spring rice in Quzhou in 2016 was -1.5, and early spring chilling injury did not occur. Although in early April 2015 the city continued rainy weather and 2 consecutive rainy days occurred in April 2016, but the overall temperature was higher, and there was no death seedling and rotten seedling in two years. The quantitative evaluation of early rice seedling from chilling injury would help us to deal with the threat of serious chilling injury in spring, and is of great significance to guarantee the safety of grain production.

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Relationships between Root Traits and Yield of Conventional Japonica and Hybrid Japonica Rice at Seedling Stage in Northern China 2018, 24(5): 86-88.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.019 Abstract ( )   PDF (300KB) ( )   The relationship between root traits and yield of conventional japonica rice and hybrid japonica rice at seedling stage were analyzed in this study, using five conventional japonica rice and four hybrid japonica rice as materials. It is hoped that the root characteristics of two types of japonica rice at seedling stage could be used to answer the non-prominent heterosis of japonica hybrid rice in the northern China and to provide some theoretical support for breeding. The results showed that the average root diameter of hybrid japonica rice was about 19% higher than that of conventional japonica rice at seedling stage, while the root length, the area of projection, the surface area, the root volume and the number of root tips were less than those of conventional japonica rice. Northern hybrid japonica rice seedling root system is “short fat” type. Correlation analysis showed that root diameter and root volume at seedling stage were positively correlated with yield, therefore, the varieties with stronger root and larger root volume at seedling stage had more yield.

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The Relationship between Climate and Rice False Smut Occurrence and its Prevention and Control Techniques in Southern Mountain Area of Zhejiang Province 2018, 24(5): 89-92.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.020 Abstract ( )   PDF (423KB) ( )   The occurrence rules and harm rules of rice false smut （RFS） （Ustilaginoidea virens）, and it’s prevention and control techniques were made clear through 10 years observation, investigation combine with field trials. Zhongzheyou 1, Zhongzheyou 8 and Yongyou 1540 have good resistance to RFS in the field and suitable for planting in the southern mountain area of Zhejiang province. The occurrence degree of RFS is closely related to the climatic conditions from the period of booting-heading to early filling, the condition with suitable temperature （26℃~28℃） and high humidity （RH over 80%） are particularly favorable for the occurrence of RFS. The fertilizer application dosage, especially nitrogen fertilizer application dosage had a great influence on the occurrence of RFS. The varieties with big panicle and more spikelets are susceptible to RFS. Spraying two times of pesticides is best for prevention RFS, and the better way is alternate apply the pesticides in two spray times.

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Current Situation, Existing Problems and Development Thinking of Japonica Rice under the New Situation in Hubei 2018, 24(5): 93-95.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.021 Abstract ( )   PDF (457KB) ( )   According to the requirements of turning mode, adjusting structure and improving food quality, Hubei province has made great efforts to promote the production of japonica rice in the suitable planting areas after 2010, which has greatly promoted the development of japonica rice industry. With the development of national agricultural supply side, the development of japonica rice in Hubei province is facing some new challenges and problems. This paper expounds the present situation and existing problems of japonica rice in Hubei province, analyzes the constraints of the problem, and finally puts forward the development suggestion of japonica rice in Hubei province under the new situation of structural reform of agricultural supply side.

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Technical Characteristics and Effects of Seedling Nursing and Transplanting with Degradation Tray on Machine Transplanting Rice in Cold Region 2018, 24(5): 96-97.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.022 Abstract ( )   PDF (291KB) ( )   In order to ascertain the yield performance and technical characteristics of seedling nursing with degradation tray on machine transplanting rice in cold region, a field test with machine transplanting technology and seedling nursing in degradation pot-flat tray was conducted using Longgeng 46 and Longgeng 52 as materials in 2016 and 2017 at Nongjiang State Farm, in contrast with the plastic pot-flat tray seedling nursing. The results showed that, compared to the plastic pot-flat tray seedling nursing treatment, the rice seedling nursing in degradation tray treatment improved the seedling quality and the effects of rice mechanical transplanting, increased the grain yield by 1.7%~3.5%. Due to the technological advantage of convenience, laborsaving, environment protecting, and efficiency increasing, the mechanical transplanting technology with degradation tray nursing seedling is suitable for extensive application in rice production.

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Preliminary Study on the Pattern of Rice-duck Integrated Farming of Nangeng 46 with Good Taste Quality 2018, 24(5): 98-102.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.023 Abstract ( )   PDF (703KB) ( )   This paper investigated the effects of rice-duck integrated farming cultivation pattern on growth traits and yield traits of Nangeng 46. The results showed that rice-duck integrated farming reduced the plant height and effective panicle number of Nangeng 46, but increased grains number per panicle and seed-setting rate. Compared with conventional cultivation, the rice-duck integrated farming is lower in yield but more economic benefit, the economic benefit per 667 m2 was 525.05 yuan higher than that of conventional cultivation. At the same time, the rice-duck integrated farming reduced the application amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, protects the agricultural ecological environment, improves the safety of rice production, and provided a way for the sustainable development of agriculture.

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Benefit Analysis and Ecological Commensal Cultivation Techniques of “Freshwater Shrimp-Early Rice-Loach-Odontobutis obscura” System 2018, 24(5): 103-104.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.024 Abstract ( )   PDF (389KB) ( )   The ecological commensal cultivation pattern of “Freshwater Shrimp-Early Rice-Loach-Odontobutis obscura” system could improve the quality of aquatic products, because early rice could absorb excrement as fertilizer to pure the quality of water; freshwater shrimp could plough, weeding, which could decrease the damage of pests in rice field; loach could loose soil of rice field, weeding, control insects, produce fertilizer, which could increase dissolved oxygen in water; odontobutis obscura could eat part of small-size shrimps, which could improve the yield and specification of commodity shrimps. This paper introduced the cultivation techniques about choice of rice field, construction of field facilities, early rice cultivation, breeding of shrimps, loach and odontobutis obscura, analyzed the economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit of this pattern.

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Different Ratio of Organic Fertilizer and Inorganic Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Rice 2018, 24(5): 105-109.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.025 Abstract ( )   PDF (589KB) ( )   In order to explore the effects of different ratio of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer on growth and yield of rice, select the optimum mix ratio, an experiment was carried out with Yuejingsimiao 2 as material. The results showed that the tiller number，total panicle number, 1000-grain weight, seed setting rate and yield of T3 treatment were the highest, and the total panicle number, 1000-grain weight and yield were significantly higher than the other treatments. T3 treatment was the best proportion in this test.

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Influence of Different Treatment of Substrate and the Techniques of Dark Germination after Stacking the Tray on Seedling Quality and Yield of Early Rice 2018, 24(5): 110-111.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.026 Abstract ( )   PDF (358KB) ( )   In view of the seedling raising problems of low germination rate, regularity bad, rotten bud and dead plants, etc, the demonstration and plot contrast experiment were carried out to explore the different experiment treatments on seedling quality and yield, including the spraying water of seedling matrix or not before sowing, and stacking the trays or not after sowing. The results showed that the seedling quality and yield were better than the other treatment by spraying water to the seedling matrix and dark germination after stacking the trays.

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Effects of Different Stubble Height on Yield and Growth Period of Ratoon Rice in South of Henan 2018, 24(5): 112-115.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.027 Abstract ( )   PDF (405KB) ( )   In order to explore the high yield cultivation techniques of ratoon rice, a field test was carried out to study the effects of stubble height on ratoon rice with ten different stubble heights, using Liangyou 6326 as material in Xinyang, Henan. The results showed that the growth period was decreased firstly and then increased, the number of grain per panicle, seed setting rate and 1 000-grain weight were decreased, but the total panicle number was increased with the increase of stubble height. When stubble height was 45 cm, 50 cm and 40 cm, the growth period was relatively shorter. When stubble height was under 25 cm, the main contribution to ratoon rice yield were nodes below 4th from top; when stubble height between 30 and 40 cm, the main contribution to ratoon rice yield were 3th and 4th nodes from top; when stubble height above 45 cm, the main contribution to ratoon rice yield were 2th and 3th nodes from top. When stubble height was 45 cm, Liangyou 6326 had shortest growth period and highest yield, the contribution rate of 2th and 3th nodes from top was 70.57%. The cultivation techniques of ratoon rice of South Henan province could be referred to Liangyou 6326, which retain 2th to 4th nodes from top and make full use of it.

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Breeding and Key Cultivation and Seed Production Techniques of New Rice Combination Jiayouzhongke 3 2018, 24(5): 116-117.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.028 Abstract ( )   PDF (301KB) ( )   Jiayouzhongke 3 is a new three-line hybrid rice combination, derived from the high stigma exsertion rate, fine quality japonica male sterile line Jia 66A and the wide-compatibility indica restorer line zhongkejiahui 1293 with big panicles, more grains, bred by Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Zhejiang Province in collaboration with the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It was registered and released by the Zhejiang Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2016. This article described the breeding process, characteristics, cultivation techniques and seed production techniques of Jiayouzhongke 3.

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Planting Performance and High Yield Cultivation Techniques of Special Rice with High Quality in the Central Mountainous Areas of Hainan Province 2018, 24(5): 118-120.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.029 Abstract ( )   PDF (480KB) ( )   Central Mountainou Areas of Hainan Province is the important tourist destination, normal rice and Shanlan rice are extensively cultivated as primary food in this region. The benefit of planting rice is low because of the low yield and low market price of grain. Field experiments were carried out to screen of special quality rice varieties and improve the cultivation techniques. A suit of targeted and practical technical solutions were summarized in this paper.

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Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Amount on the Yield and Yield Components of Different Types Late Japonica Rice in Northern Zhejiang 2018, 24(5): 121-122.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.030 Abstract ( )   PDF (328KB) ( )   In order to apply nitrogen fertilizer reasonably and achieve the purpose of reducing the amount of fertilizer and increasing the efficiency of fertilizer, an experiment was conducted to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer amount on the yield of different types late japonica rice in the northern Zhejiang. The results showed that the nitrogen tolerance traits of different types of late japonica rice were as follows: bending head late japonica variety Jiahe 218＞ indica-japonica hybrid variety Yongyou 538＞erect panicle late japonica variety Xiushui 134, Xiushui121＞semi-erect panicle late japonica variety Yongnuo 34. The yield components of late japonica rice in the northern Zhejiang are mainly determined by varieties and have little relationship to the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer could be reduced appropriately in indica-japonica hybrid rice varieties, erect and semi-erect panicle late japonica rice varieties, and suitable urea is 30 kg/667 m2.

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Current Situation and Countermeasures of Direct Seeding Rice in Nantong City 2018, 24(5): 123-126.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2018.05.031 Abstract ( )   PDF (532KB) ( )   In recent years, the direct seeding rice has developed rapidly, and has become one of the major rice farming methods in Nantong city. The present situation, production management, yield and benefit of direct seeding rice were expounded based on the direct survey for three years in this paper. The reasons and problems of developing direct seeding rice were analyzed, and the relevant countermeasures and development suggestions were put forward in order to provide some references for large area production of direct seeding rice.