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20 November 2019, Volume 25 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Rice Agricultural Heritage and its Conservation and Development 2019, 25(6): 1-5.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (643KB) ( )   Rice agricultural heritage, an importantant kind of agricultural heritage, refers to the traditional rice production system, which is based on rice cultivation, possessing rice cultivation skill, rice species, rice culture and paddy landscape. This paper expounds the type and value of rice agriculture heritage, as well as the challenge and main approach of the dynamic conservation of it. This analysis is based on the status quo of agricultural heritage designation, including Globally Important Heritage Systems （GIAHS） designated by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations （FAO）, China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （China-NIAHS） designated by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, and the results of the first agriculturai heritage national census in 2016. The rice agricultural heritage systems could be divided into five categories, i.e. rice origin type, rice-fish symbiosis type, rice terraced type, royal rice production type, and drought & paddy rotating type. The rice agricultural heritage systems has ecological and environmental value, economic and livelihood value, social and cultural value, scientific research and educational value, promotion and demonstration value. The conservation and inherition of rice agricultural heritage is up against many challenges, mainly appears as the destruction of paddy landscape, the loss of traditional rice culture, the decline of rice diversity, and the die of rice cultivation skills, etc. In order to improve the problem of rice agricultural heritage conservation, it is urged that we should pay more attention to the deveiopment of multi-function agricultural and the construction of conservation together with management regimen.

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Technical Design and Reflections on Chicken Farming on the Ridge and Fish Farming in the Furrow Under Rice Terrace Cultivation 2019, 25(6): 6-9.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (654KB) ( )   In order to solve the contradiction between high yield and economic income, high quality and water utilization rate of rice, the author proposed a new ecological planting and breeding method, that is chicken farming on the ridge and fish farming in the furrow under rice terrace cultivation. Contrast to from conventional rice cultivation mode, this method has ridges built in the paddies. The sides of the ridges are kept wet and the furrow has water at a certain level. The chicken and fish enjoys larger space for activities on the ridges and furrows and their activities could control the diseases, pests and weeds in the field. Pesticides are not used or used at small amounts. Faeces from the chicken and fish are returned to the paddies, cutting down the use of fertilizers, enriching the soil, and reducing non-point source pollution. Non-tillage is realized after the building of ridges, sludge is cleaned from the paddies before rice cultivation. The furrows could hold rain water and reduces irrigation. Therefore, this method has obvious economic, ecological and social benefits.

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Comparative Experiment of Different Rice Varieties under the Pattern of Rice and Shrimp Co-cropping 2019, 25(6): 10-12.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (486KB) ( )   The yield, grain quality and panicle blast resistance of different rice varieties were compared under the rice-shrimp co-cropping system. The results showed that Huaidao 5 and Suken 118 were superior to other rice varieties in yield, grain quality and panicle blast resistance. They could be used as partial substitutes or supplements for Nangeng 9108, which was a main rice variety in the rice-shrimp co-cropping system in Taizhou city.

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Practice and Discussion on Green and Efficient Model of “Rice+” in Zhejiang Province 2019, 25(6): 13-15.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (439KB) ( )   The“rice +” is a model of agricultural supply-side reform since it has realized the improvement of quality, efficiency and green production under stability of rice production. This paper discussed the application status and characteristics of“rice +” pattern in Zhejiang province from the aspects of pattern innovation, high quality of agricultural products, improvement of comprehensive benefits and acceleration of industrial development, pointed out the problems of weak rice production, inadequate brand advantage, inadequate standardization and scale, and inadequate industrialization development. To promote the green and efficient development of “rice +” industry in Zhejiang province, it is suggested that further studies should be strengthened on establishing the leading pattern of“rice +” industrialization development according to local conditions, integrating high-quality and stable production technology of rice, building green and high-quality brands.

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Research Progress and Prospect on Ratoon Rice in Guangdong Province 2019, 25(6): 16-19.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (701KB) ( )   The development of ratoon rice in Guangdong was briefly introduced, and the research progress of hand-harvested ratoon rice and mechanical harvested ratoon rice in Guangdong was summarized in terms of variety selection, planting pattern, growth and development characteristics and cultivation techniques in this paper. The prospect of the development of mechanical harvested ratoon rice was also discussed, and the production suggestions of mechanical harvested ratoon rice were put forward. The aim is to promote the research and promotion of mechanical harvested ratoon rice in Guangdong.

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Evaluation on the Rice Safety and Economic Benefit of Different Co-culture Patterns in Aquaculture Ponds 2019, 25(6): 20-23.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (500KB) ( )   Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the rice safety and economic benefits of different co-culture patterns in aquaculture ponds. The results showed that the rice yield of rice-shrimp, rice-turtle and rice-crab co-culture patterns was 186 kg/667 m2, 300 kg/667 m2 and 250 kg/667 m2 respectively. The grain with no pesticide residue and low heavy metal content met the national safety standard strictly. For economic benefits, the profit of rice-shrimp, rice-turtle and rice-crab were 6 409.1, 9815.0 and 4 377.0 yuan/667 m2 respectively, which increased by 2 534.2, 2 075.0 and 120.0 yuan/667 m2 compared with the traditional single cultivation model. The ratio of output to input increased by 31.7%, 19.6% and 16.6%, and the cost-benefit ratio increased by 69.2%, 192% and 37.4% respectively. In conclusion, the rice–fishery co-culture pattern could  not only effectively improve the profit, the ratio of output to input and cost-benefit ratio, but also could increase the planting area of rice, produce high quality rice and guarantee China's food security. It has realized the effective unification of freshwater aquaculture and grain planting, which reflects the good economic, social and ecological benefits and provides a new technical approach for the sustainable development of agriculture in China.

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Thinking on Promoting High-quality Development of Rice Industry in Hubei Province 2019, 25(6): 24-27.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (750KB) ( )   Rice is the largest food crop in Hubei province. Thus, it’s crucial to establish strong agricultural province and realize rural revitalization through promoting high quality development of rice industry. This paper expounds present situation of rice industry development, summarizes the development effectiveness and main practices. The countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in order to provide some references for promoting the high-quality development of rice industry in Hubei province.

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Effects of Dry Soil Preparation in Paddy Field on Grain Yield of Machine-transplanted Rice Zhendao 99 and Soil Characteristics 2019, 25(6): 28-35.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (870KB) ( )   The combination of machine transplanting and returning of total wheat straw has become main recommended technology of rice production in Jiangsu province. However, there exist some problems in machine-transplanted rice production, such as weak seedling quality, long revival time and late tillering. The traditional soil preparation of paddy field was water harrow. Frequently soil plowing, soaking and poor soil permeability were not conducive to early rooting and tillering. It is helpful to alleviate these problems by adopting dry harrow. There were few studies on the effects of dry harrow in paddy field on the tiller dynamics, grain yield, root system and soil characteristics under the combination of machine transplanting and total wheat straw returning. Therefore, some experiments were conducted using Zhendao 99 as material. The results showed that, there were some differences in the tiller dynamics of dry harrow in different years; the peak seedling of dry harrow was similar with that of water harrow, while the panicle rate was higher than that of wet harrow; compared with water harrow, the yield of dry harrow was increased by 8.36%, the effective panicles per unit area were higher and the spikelet number per panicle was lower, while the seed setting rate was higher; the dry harrow had higher leaf area index at heading and middle grain-filling stage, and higher spikelets per unit area, the photosynthetic area of middle and late stage was increased obviously. The dry matter weight at heading and mature stage, and economic coefficient of dry harrow were higher than those of water harrow. Compared with water harrow, the decline percentage of dry matter weight of stems and leaves at grain-filling stage of dry harrow was lower. Dry harrow had more adventitious roots and higher dry weight of roots per hill, which were beneficial to the occurrence of early tillers and delay leaf senescence in late stage and improve photosynthetic function. Compared with water harrow, the soil redox potential of dry harrow was improved effectively, soil water content was decreased and soil permeability was improved.

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Analysis on Green and High Efficiency Cultivation Techniques of Ratoon Rice in North Rimland of Double-cropping Rice Region 2019, 25(6): 36-38.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (570KB) ( )   Ratoon rice cultivation is an important rice cropping system for improving production quality and enhancing efficiency. In this article, the development status and problems of green and high efficiency cultivation techniques of ratoon rice in north rimland of double-cropping rice region were analyzed. In the light of current production practice, the countermeasures to promote the development of ratoon rice with industrialization, mechanization, quality improvement and organization were put forward.

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Effects of Microbial Inoculants on Rice Growth and Soil Physical and Chemical Properties 2019, 25(6): 39-42.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (535KB) ( )   Four treatments（CK, conventional planting; B, 70% CK fertilizer + treated manure; C, conventional planting + spraying bacterial fertilizer; D, conventional planting + spraying chemical fertilizer）were set up. The chlorophyll content of rice leaves, photosynthetic parameters, plant characters, yield and soil physical and chemical properties of different treatments were compared in this paper. The results showed that there was no significant difference in chlorophyll content among different treatments. Compared with CK, the photosynthetic parameters of C treatment were significantly higher. The effective panicles, total grains, filled grains, and panicle weight per plant of  B treatment and C treatment were higher than those of D treatment and CK. The grain yield of B treatment and C treatment was higher, the yield reached 542.71 kg/667 m2 and 573.73 kg/667 m2, respectively. Compared with CK, the yield of C treatment was increased by 14.95%. The results of soil test showed that there were no significant difference in the contents of As, Zn and Cu between CK and B treatment, but the contents of Fe and Mn of B treatment were significantly higher than CK.

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Pyramiding xa5 and Xa7 by Marker-assisted Selection to Improve Rice Bacterial Blight Resistance of Huazhan 2019, 25(6): 43-45.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (436KB) ( )   Using rice lines Zheng 084 and IRBB5 as the donors of the bacterial blight resistance genes, two resistance genes （xa5 and Xa7） were introgressed into an indica restorer line Huazhan by crossing, backcrossing and multi-crossing. Based on marker-assisted selection method combined with evaluation of resistance and agronomic traits, one improved line carrying both xa5 and Xa7 was obtained, two improved strains carrying a single resistance gene xa5 or Xa7 were also obtained. The improved strains were identified for resistance to bacterial blight. The results showed that the improved lines B1（harboring xa5） and B2（harboring Xa7） were highly sensitive to the strain PXO99, and highly resistant or resistant to the other four strains; and the line B3 with both xa5 and Xa7 showed moderate sensitive to PXO99 and high resistance to the other four strains, which was superior in resistance to B1 and B2 with only a single gene.

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Effects of Carbohydrate Additives on Eating Quality and Physicochemical Properties of Rice 2019, 25(6): 46-49.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (588KB) ( )   Three japonica rice varieties Jinchuan 1, Jinyuan 45 and Jinyuan E28 were used as materials, and different amounts of sugar or honey were added respectively. The effects of adding carbohydrates on the taste and physical and chemical properties of rice were discussed from the point of conditioning. The sensory test results showed that the appearance, sweetness, taste and comprehensive evaluation of cooked rice could be obviously improved by adding a certain amount of sugar or honey. The amount of carbohydrates added to different varieties to reach the best taste value was different, but the difference was not significant. The determination of the rice taste analyzer showed similar results.

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DNA Fingerprints Construction and Purity Identification Based on SSR Markers for Rice Varieties in Ningbo City 2019, 25(6): 50-54.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (516KB) ( )   The set of 53 SSR（Simple sequence repeat） markers for rice variety identification recommended in industrial standards of Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs of the People's Republic of China, NY/T1433-2007 and NY/T1433-2014, were used to construct the DNA fingerprints and analyze the genetic diversity of 34 rice varieties in Ningbo city. A total of 183 alleles loci were detected among 34 varieties, the average number of detected alleles by each primer pair was 3.5 with a range from 1 to 7. The genetic similarity coefficient was calculated using the software NTSYS, and a dendrogram of genetic relationship was constructed using UPGMA method. The results showed that 34 cultivars were classified into two cluster groups with the similarity coefficient of 0.5, one group was composed of the Yongyou series hybrid rice combinations, 6 conventional japonica rice varieties and 3 glutinous rice varieties, another group was composed of 6 conventional indica rice varieties and 5 indica hybrid rice combinations. Primers RM590 and RM3331 were used to SSR identification with 100 single seeds each hybrid rice of 19 Yongyou series, and the results showed that one contaminated plant was identified in Yongyou 2640 and Yongyou 50, respectively, no contaminated plants were identified in the other variaties. These results could provide technical support and theoretical basis for the application of SSR markers in rice variety and purity identification in Ningbo city.

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QTLs Mapping for Mesocotyl Length in Rice 2019, 25(6): 55-59.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (730KB) ( )   The Rice mesocotyl can provide the power for seedling soilbreaking. The rice varieties with long mesocotyl could promote the popularization of rice direct seeding technology. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study rice mesocotyl elongation. To analyze the genetic basis of rice mesocotyl elongation, the Asominori and IR24 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) and their linkage maps were used for the experiment. The seeds gained in 2017 in Hangzhou were cultivated and measured the length of the mesocotyl for the QTLs mapping for mesocotyl length. Three QTLs were detected which were located on chromosomes 2, 3 and 7 respectively, and the LOD ranged from 2.34 to 3.41. The contribution rate of QTL to phenotype is between 7.25% and 11.07%. At the same time, the result was tested by a series of single segment substitution lines. The CSSL12 corresponding to qML2 was significantly elongated compared with Asominori, and the CSSL37 mesocotyl corresponding to qML7 significantly shortened, which proved the result of the QTL qML2 and qML7 to be right. At the same time, QTL mapping of plant height trait was carried out and two QTLs were detected, which were not coincident with QTLs for the length of mesocotyl, which indicating that controlling mesocotyl elongation and controlling plant height have different genetic basis.

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Optimization Model of Large-scale Rice Cultivation in Wheat （rape） Stubble in Chengdu 2019, 25(6): 60-64.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (678KB) ( )   Aiming at the contradiction between the decrease of labor force and the expansion of rice area, planting time and planting benefit, and costs and benefits in the large-scale rice production of wheat（rape） stubble in Chengdu, based on the advantages and disadvantages of direct seeding, machine transplanting and hand transplanting, the optimization model of sowing and transplanting in large-scale rice production was established by using linear programming, and the simulation application was carried out according to the actual production. The results showed that the unique optimal solution of the model can satisfy all the constraints. The model may solve the contradiction in large-scale rice production of wheat（rape） stubble in Chengdu. At the same time, considering the uncertainty of agricultural production, the setting of parameters in the practical application process needs to be combined with the actual production.

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Analysis on Characteristics of Rice Varieties Registered in China in 2018 2019, 25(6): 65-71.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (681KB) ( )   1 004 rice varieties, including 383 three lines indica hybrid rice, 279 two lines indica hybrid rice, 76 conventional indica rice，210 conventional japonica rice, 21 japonica hybrid rice, 12 indica-japonica hybrid rice, 23 sterile lines, were registered by Crop Variety Approval Committee in China in 2018. From the main body of variety breeding, 79.10% of the approved varieties by enterprises in 2018. Average yield of conventional indica rice, three lines indica hybrid rice, two lines indica hybrid rice, conventional japonica rice and japonica hybrid rice were 493.06, 578.90, 595.94, 630.68 and 661.15 kg/667 m2, respectively. In 2018, the quality compliance rate of rice varieties was 65.04%, among them, the quality compliance rate of indica rice varieties was 46.75%, japonica rice was 79.42%, hybrid rice was 47.19% and conventional rice was 73.43%. There are few varieties with outstanding comprehensive resistance, but some excellent resistant germplasm resources exist in some provinces. Guangdong and Liaoning have excellent germplasm resources resistant to rice blast; Yunnan, Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangsu have excellent germplasm resources resistant to white leaf blight; Anhui and Shandong have excellent germplasm resources resistant to stripe leaf spot; Anhui and Yunnan have excellent germplasm resources resistant to false smut; the varieties bred in Yunnan have better resistance to sheath blight.

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Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Jindao 919 2019, 25(6): 72-78.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (792KB) ( )   In order to further clarify the effects of nitrogen fertilizer treatment on quality and yield of rice, the quantity and method of nitrogen application were optimized and regulated to improve quality and palatability of rice on the basis of stable yield, using Jindao 919 as material. The effects of different spike positions and primary and secondary branches on the quality and taste of Jindao 919 were also analyzed and discussed. The results showed that, the effects of nitrogen fertilizer treatment on the appearance quality of brown rice of Jindao 919 was significant at 0.1% level. The amylose contains of the upper ear and primary branch were significantly lower than these of the lower ear and secondary branch; the brown rice grain thickness, starch gelatinization properties （except gelatinization temperature of rice） of upper ear and primary branch were significantly lower than these of the lower ear and secondary branch. To sum up, nitrogen fertilizer treatment has a significant impact on the physical and chemical characteristics of rice at different spike positions and primary and secondary branch, and ultimately affects the quality and yield of rice.

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Effects of Sowing Date on Growth Duration and Yield of Main Planted Rice Varieties in Sanjiang Plain 2019, 25(6): 79-82.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (431KB) ( )   The main growth stages, growth duration, yield and yield components of the five main planted rice varieties in Sanjiang plain were analyzed by sowing date test. The results showed that when the sowing date was delayed, the growth duration of varieties reduced significantly, and mainly reflected in the reduction of the growth days from seeding to jointing, there were no significant changes from jointing to heading and heading to maturity; the days from seeding to heading was reduced, which was related to the increase of the average daily temperature and the decrease of the average daily light hours. The later-maturing varieties were conducive to high yield by early seeding; the medium-maturing varieties and early-maturing varieties could reach higher yield by properly delaying the sowing date.

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Effects of Long Seedling Age and Thin Sowing on Seedling Quality, Planting Quality and Yield of Machine Transplanted Rice 2019, 25(6): 83-85.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.019 Abstract ( )   PDF (335KB) ( )   A field experiment was carried out to compare the difference between long seedling age of thin sowing and conventional seedling age of regular sowing on seedling quality, transplanting quantity and yield of machine transplanted rice, using conventional japonica rice Suxiu 867 as material. The results showed that, compared with the conventional seedling age and regular sowing, the seedling quality of the long seedling age and thin sowing treatments（25 d, 30 d, 35 d） was improved, the rooting speed was fast after transplanting and the revival time was short. Under the condition of the same basic seedlings, the yield showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the seedling age increase. Among them, the yield of 30 d seedling age with thin sowing treatment was the highest, followed by 35 d and 25 d seedling age with thin sowing treatment, 40 d seedling age with thin sowing treatment was the lowest. In general, the seedlings quality of 25~35 d seedling age with thin sowing was relatively good, and the yield was increased by 57.0~130.5 kg/hm2 compared to the control. The results indicated that this variety has greater elasticity of seedling age, proper prolongation of seedling age （30~35 d） is more favorable for obtaining high yield.

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Effects of Different Fertilization Methods on Fertilizer Reduction and Yield Increasing in Single Cropping Rice 2019, 25(6): 86-88.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.020 Abstract ( )   PDF (319KB) ( )   In order to explore the effects of different fertilization methods on fertilizer reduction and yield increasing, a comparative study on the application of slow-release fertilizer and conventional quick-effect fertilizer was carried out in this paper. The results showed that, the maturity stage of rice with fertilization was delayed by 3 days compared with the control without fertilization, and there was no difference among different fertilization treatments. Tillers mainly occurred in single cropping rice from 23 d to 38 d after transplanting, which could be promoted by fertilization. There was little difference in tiller number between conventional fertilization treatment and slow-released fertilization treatments. Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment, the average partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen contribution rate of slow-released fertilizer treatments were increased by 26.1% and 34.4% respectively, nitrogen fertilizer was reduced by 19.3%, and the yield was increased by 1.7%. “Haolegeng” organic slow-released fertilizer and “Daojianqiang” slow-released fertilizer performed the higher rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency. Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment, the economic benefits of slow-released fertilizer treatments （treatment 2, 3 and 4） were increased by 236.10 yuan, 138.80 yuan and 89.20 yuan per 667 m2 respectively.

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Evaluation on Weeds Control Effects of UAV in Direct Seeding Rice Fields 2019, 25(6): 89-92.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.021 Abstract ( )   PDF (376KB) ( )   In order to evaluate the weeds control effects of UAV in direct-seeding rice fields, a filed experiment was carried out using UAV and stretcher sprayer as spraying equipment, and setting three agents treatment. The results showed that the control effects of both UAV and stretcher sprayer on gramineous weeds and broad-leaved weeds were equally 19% fluorosulfon SC（Kensuo） 10 mL/667 m2 add 10% cyhalothrin EC （Qianjin） 150 mL/667 m2, 40% cyhalothrin EC （Weidaofu） 150 mL/667 m2, 10% cyhalothrin EC 150 mL/667 m2 had similar effects on sprangletop, the control effects of quantity effect and fresh weight effect were more than 90% after 7~40 days after treatment, and the control effect on barnyardgrass were also good. Therefore, UAV could be used to control weeds in direct-seeding rice fields.

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Experimental Demonstration of Mechanized Precision Hole Direct Seeding Technology for Rice 2019, 25(6): 93-94.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.022 Abstract ( )   PDF (318KB) ( )   In order to explore the feasibility of popularization and application of mechanized precision hole direct seeding technology for rice, the effects of different planting density, seeding rate and fertilization levels on growth period, tiller dynamics, economic characters and yield of rice were studied. Through comparison and analysis, the best cultivation and management mode were selected to provide theoretical basis for popularizing mechanized precision hole direct seeding technology. The results showed that the mechanized and precision hole direct seeding technique of rice is an advanced cultivation technique with low cost, high yield and high efficiency.

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Control Effects of Different Bio-pesticides on the Chilo suppressalis at Full Heading Stage and Yield of Middle Hybrid Rice 2019, 25(6): 95-97.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.023 Abstract ( )   PDF (370KB) ( )   A field experiment was conducted to study the control effects of five bio-pesticides on Chilo suppressalis and grain yield of mid-season hybrid rice in Deyang city of Sichuan province in 2018. The results showed that, the control effects of Metarhizium anisopliae against Chilo suppressalis at full heading stage were the best among the five bio-pesticides. The white panicle rate of Metarhizium anisopliae treatment was the lowest, which was 27.2% lower than chemical pesticide treatment（Coragen）. There was no significant difference in white panicle rate between the other four bio-pesticides and chemical pesticide. Compared with the chemical pesticide treatment, the yield of Metarhizium anisopliae treatment was increased by 3.0%. The yields of Beauveria bassiana treatment, Bacillus thuringiensis treatment and Veratridine treatment were similar to chemical pesticide treatment. Considering the yield and white panicle rate of middle hybrid rice, Metarhizium anisopliae had the best control effect on the second generation of rice borer at the full panicle stage of hybrid rice.

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Study on the Optimum Control Agent and its Period to Prevent Rice False Smut of Indica and Japonica Hybrid Rice 2019, 25(6): 98-99.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.024 Abstract ( )   PDF (388KB) ( )   We conducted a comparative experiment on the control efficiency of different agents on rice false smut of Yongyou 12 in 6 different growth periods in 2017. The results showed that the best control period was 16 days before the rupturing stage, when 10% to 20% flag leaves of the plants were fully expanded, the correction control effect was 95.54%. If the time was put off, the control effect would be gradually declined. If the time was advanced to 21 days before rupturing stage, the control effect was not ideal, too. Thus, it is preferable to control rice false smut of indica and japonica hybrid rice on the 16 day before rupturing stage, when 10% to 20% flag leaves of the plants were fully expanded, and 30% difenoconazole propiconazole EC has better control effect.

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Comparative Analysis of Main Characteristics of New Brittle Culm Japonica Rice Lines 2019, 25(6): 100-102.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.025 Abstract ( )   PDF (401KB) ( )   Brittle culm gene was introduced into the conventional cultivar by multiple-crossing and back-crossing, and two new brittle culm lines CG16-3 and CG16-9 with excellent agronomic characters and suitable for production planting were selected in the segregative population.The two new lines have good yield traits, fine quality, strong disease resistance and lodging resistance, the straw is easy to be crushed during harvesting, which is good for returning straw to the field.

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Breeding, Cultivation and Seed Production Techniques of Super-high Yield Indica-Japonica Hybrid Rice Chunyou 927 2019, 25(6): 103-105.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.026 Abstract ( )   PDF (398KB) ( )   Chunyou 927 is a indica-japonica hybrid rice combination developed from Chunjiang16A, a late japonica CMS line with early anthesis time, and C927, an indica-japonica intermediate type restorer line with wide compatibility. It has the characteristics of high yield, early maturity, excellent agronomic characters, good quality and wide adaptability. It was registered and released by Zhejiang Provincial Crop Variety Appraisal Committee in April, 2017. The breeding procedure, characteristics, major techniques of cultivation and seed production of Chunyou 927 were introduced in this paper.

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Effects of Foliar Spraying Mixture of Pesticide and Fertilizer at Initial Heading Stage of Rice 2019, 25(6): 106-108.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.027 Abstract ( )   PDF (410KB) ( )   A demonstration was conducted on the application of the technology of spraying special leaf fertilizers on rice at initial heading stage. The results showed that these treatments of spraying mixture of pesticide and fertilizer could improve the yield, disease resistance and grain quality of rice. The treatment of spraying “Zhendaliang” had high output-input ratio and milled rice rate, it could increase rice resistance, seed setting rate and 1 000-grain weight, the yield was obviously increased.

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Song of Rice Farmers 2019, 25(6): 109-113.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.028 Abstract ( )   PDF (949KB) ( )   Quzhou is a city located in western Zhejiang. As one of the rice producing areas in southern China, the daily life of local farmers is closely related to rice. Rice culture is deeply immersed in the spiritual blood and daily life of every farmer. They held ceremonies in the early spring to welcome the“Spring God”; sowing before and after the Guyu to gain the wisdom of life from the seeds; singing ancient ballads during transplanting, these ancient ballads even have a certain echo relationship with Japan; they fear nature and respect the gods on the farm tools, and act in accordance with rules and regulations in daily life; they cook and eat with cherished hearts. In this paper, the author presents several daily life related to rice culture in Quzhou.

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The Fragrance of Rice in Southern China 2019, 25(6): 114-116.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2019.06.029 Abstract ( )   PDF (482KB) ( )   China is well known as the cradle of Oryza sativa in the world. There were records about rice planting culture in the classical literature of Emperor Yu tames the flood. Rice, as one of the most important staple foods of human beings, has obvious advantages in many aspects. Rice planting also plays an active role in the protection of ecological environment. Because of the specific geographical location and climatic conditions, southern China is very suitable to accelerate the growth of rice. With the evolution and development of Chinese history and culture, rice has been gradually standing out as the first grain of Five Cereals. “Cyan horn and thin rice” from Zhujiajiao Qingpu district is the excellent rice variety which has been inherited till now.