稻蟹共作田不同生育期水稻根际土壤细菌群落结构和功能分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2022.04.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究稻蟹共作田不同生育期水稻根际土壤细菌的群落结构组成及功能,利用Illumina 平台Miseq 高通量测序技术对水稻分蘖期、拔节期、抽穗期和成熟期的根际土壤细菌进行高通量测序及分析。结果表明,测序共获得的6 637个OTUs,可分为54个门,171个纲,381个目,600个科,1 028个属,2 162个种。4个生育期共有的细菌OTU数目为3 122个,4个生育期中抽穗期的Chao1指数最高,4个生育期间Shannon指数无显著差异。PCA分析显示,拔节期和抽穗期的细菌群落具有一定相似性,但与分蘗期及成熟期有一定差异性。4个生育期的稻田根际土壤细菌优势菌门（相对丰度>10%）有绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）、放线菌门（Actinobacteriota）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和酸杆菌门（Acidobacteriota）,优势菌属（相对丰度>1%）有31个。PICRUSt分析表明,抽穗期在269条代谢通路的丰度值最高。研究结果说明,根际土壤的细菌群落结构和功能会随着水稻生育期发生相应的变化,其中抽穗期的细菌物种数目最多且代谢功能最强。

关键词: 稻蟹共作田, 生育期, 根际土壤, 细菌群落结构, 细菌群落功能

Abstract:

In order to study the community structure and function of rhizosphere soil bacteria in rice-crab co cropping paddy field at different growth stages, high-throughput sequencing and analysis of rhizosphere soil bacteria at tillering stage, jointing stage, heading stage and maturity stage were carried out by using Illumina platform miseq high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that a total of 6 637 OTUs could be divided into 54 pHyla, 171 classes, 381 orders, 600 families, 1 028 genera and 2 162 species. The number of bacteria OTUs shared by different growth stages was 3 122. Among the four growth stages, the Chao1 index at the heading stage was the highest, and there was no significant difference in Shannon index. PCA analysis showed that bacterial communities at the jointing stage and heading stage were similar, but different with those from tillering stage and maturity stage. There were 31 dominant bacterial genera （relative abundance>1%） in the rhizosphere soil of paddy field in the four growth stages, and the dominant bacterial phyla（relative abundance>10%） were Chloroflexi, Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteriota. PICRUSt analysis showed that the abundance of 269 metabolic pathways was the highest at the heading stage. The results showed that the bacterial community structure and function of rhizosphere soil would change with the growth period of rice, and the number of bacterial species at the heading stage was the largest and the metabolic function was the strongest.

Key words: rice-crab co-culture paddy field, growth stage, rhizosphere soil, structure of bacterial community, function of bacterial community

中图分类号:

S511

许忠伟, 刘春月, 石佳悦, 邵霞, 宋宇. 稻蟹共作田不同生育期水稻根际土壤细菌群落结构和功能分析[J]. 中国稻米, 2022, 28(4): 61-66.

XU Zhongwei, LIU Chunyue, SHI Jiayue, SHAO Xia, SONG Yu. Analysis of Bacterial Community Structure and Function in Rice Rhizosphere Soil at Different Growth Stages in Rice-crab co Cropping Paddy Field[J]. China Rice, 2022, 28(4): 61-66.

图/表 9

表1 稻蟹共作田不同生育期水稻根际土壤理化因子

表2 稻蟹共作田不同生育期根际土壤细菌群落丰富度和α多样性指数

图1 不同生育期PCA分析图

图2 不同生育期根际土壤细菌群落OTU韦恩图

图3 不同生育期根际土壤门水平细菌群落组成

图4 不同生育期根际土壤属水平细菌群落组成

图5 细菌群落门水平Kruskal-Wallis 秩和检验图

图6 细菌群落属水平Kruskal-Wallis 秩和检验图

图7 代谢通路热图

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