关键词: 氮肥减施, 农药减施, 施用硅肥, 水稻产量, 病虫害防治

Abstract: Integrating technologies to reduce input rate of chemical fertilizer and pesticide for single cropping rice area in mid-low reaches of Yangtze River without sacrificing yields. A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of distinct technology combinations among silicon application, reduced application of nitrogen fertilizer, bio-fertilizer application and different techniques of pest control on the yield and the control effects of diseases and pest of rice in mid-low reaches of Yangtze River. The results showed that, there was no significant difference in rice yield if the input rate of nitrogen fertilizer reduced from 300 kg/hm2 to 240 kg/hm2, and the yield was also the most stable in 240 kg N/hm2 among different technology combinations. Under the nitrogen application rate of 180 kg/hm2 or 240 kg/hm2, the combined application of silicon fertilizer and “three preventions and two controls” technology could achieve the same yield level with farmers' nitrogen fertilization practice （300 kg/hm2） under conventional diseases and pests control technology. In comparison with the farmers' nitrogen fertilization practice （300 kg/hm2） under conventional diseases and pests control technology, the reduced nitrogen fertilization combined with silicon fertilization and “three preventions and two controls” technology not only reduced pesticide application once and significantly reduced the usage of solid and liquid pesticide by 52.8% and 61.0% , respectively, without sacrificing yields, but also achieved the same prevention and control effects with conventional diseases and pests control technology. Thus, this integration technology of reduced nitrogen fertilization combined with silicon fertilization and “three preventions and two controls” is a relatively effective means of increasing rice yield and reducing chemical fertilizer and pesticide application, which could be widely used for single cropping rice in mid-low reaches of Yangtze River.

Key words: reduced input rate of nitrogen, reduced application of pesticide, application of silicon, grain yield, control of diseases and pest