中国稻米

中国稻米

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嘉兴地区不同年代粳稻品种产量及氮素利用效率

  1. 1嘉兴市农业科学研究院，浙江 嘉兴 314016；2浙江省嘉兴生态环境监测中心，浙江 嘉兴 314000
  • 出版日期:2020-07-20 发布日期:2020-07-20
  • 通讯作者: 陈贵
  • 基金资助:
    嘉兴市科技计划项目（2018AY11020；2017AZ13025）

Comparation of Yield and N Utilization Efficiency of Japonica Rice Cultivars Applied in Different Years in Jiaxing Area

  • Online:2020-07-20 Published:2020-07-20

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摘要： 在225 kg/hm2氮肥水平下，以嘉兴地区5个不同年代选育的常规粳稻品种为供试材料，对水稻产量及产量构成、氮素积累、氮素利用效率和氮素转运效率等进行了比较研究。结果表明，随着品种育成年代的演进，水稻产量逐渐提高，最晚育成的秀水14比最早育成的秀水128增产15.84%，主要原因在于每穗粒数和千粒重得到了提高，分别增加了13.17%和13.39%；水稻地上部干物质累积量、氮素累积量、氮素利用效率、氮素吸收效率、氮肥表观利用率、茎秆氮素转运量、氮收获指数逐渐增加，秀水14比秀水128分别提高15.17%、19.81%、15.82%、20.00%、12.56%、134.15%和16.67%；地上部干物质生理利用效率和谷物氮素生理利用效率逐渐降低，秀水14比秀水128分别降低6.31%和5.15%。

关键词: 水稻, 产量, 氮肥利用效率

Abstract: Under the nitrogen fertilizer level of 225 kg/hm2, 5 conventional japonica rice varieties bred in different years in Jiaxing area were used as test materials to study grain yield and yield composition, nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen utilization efficiency and nitrogen transport efficiency of rice. The results showed that the grain yield has gradually increased with the advancement of the breeding years of the varieties, Xiushui 14（the latest bred） increased by 15.84% compared with Xiushui 128（the earliest bred）. The main reason for the increase in yield is that the number of grains per panicle and 1 000-grain weight have been improved, Xiushui 14 increased by 13.17% and 13.39% respectively compared to Xiushui 128. The dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen absorption efficiency and apparent nitrogen use efficiency of Xiushui 14 were increased by 15.17%, 19.81%, 15.82%, 20.00%, 12.56%, 134.15% and 16.67%, compared to Xiushui 128. Above ground dry matter physiological utilization efficiency and grain nitrogen physiological utilization efficiency of Xiushui 14 were decreased by 6.31% and 5.15%, compared to Xiushui 128.

Key words: rice, yield, nitrogen utilization efficiency

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