关键词: 水稻, 豫南稻区, 籼改粳, 研究进展

Abstract: This paper briefly introduced the basic situation and theoretical and technological progress of “changing indica rice to japonica rice” in the south of Henan Province. High temperature, rice blast and sheath blight, the three generation of stem borer damage were the three obstacle factors to the low yield and poor quality of japonica rice in South Henan, and early sowing was the root cause, delaying sowing time of japonica rice was the key technology of “changing indica rice to japonica rice”; institutional defects of “indica rice-wheat ”rotation in south Henan could be repaired by delayed sowing time of japonica rice, reduction of output because of the long seedling age transplanting, mechanical transplanting and throw-planting difficult to utilize could be solved; to increase production and improve quality, to adapt to mechanization, light simplification and large-scale production, was the inevitable choice for “changing indica rice to japonica rice ”; “east japonica rice to west ” was an effective way to solve variety utilization of japonica rice in southern Henan; mechanical transplanting and throw-planting were in favor of realizing delaying sowing of japonica rice, and “silt open seedling raising” solved the problem of raising seedlings under high temperature conditions, and improved the seedling quality; rice blast, sheath blight and yellow borer were not the devastating diseases and insect pest in “ changing indica rice to japonica rice” in delayed sowing of japonica rice, bakanae disease, stem tip nematode, rice thrips, rice false smut were rising as the main diseases and insect pests; the two-stages cultivation was a cultivation method of directional cultivation accordance with the vegetative growth and reproductive growth, based on the growth and development of high yield of rice, designed from rice population, shapes, function construction. It could get high and stable yield, reduce fertilizer and pesticides.

Key words: rice, South Henan, changing indica rice to japonica rice, research progress