关键词: 水稻, 滚直播, 轻简栽培

Abstract:

Manual transplanting is a successful cultivation method for increasing rice yield in China. However, it is difficult to adapt to the needs of agricultural production development, due to the rapid development of urbanization and sharply decrease of rural labor force. Therefore, in order to ensure the sustainable production of rice in future, it has becoming an important research direction to explore and develop methods of laborsaving and simplified cultivation in future. In this study, the comparison test was carried out with high quality Babao rice, which used two methods of manual transplanting and direct-seeding by rolling machine in 2015—2016. The results showed that the whole growth period of direct-seeding cultivation was shortened by 7 days compared with manual transplanting, and there was no significant difference between the two methods for some agronomic traits, such as plant height, effective panicles, lodging property, incidence of blast disease and yield. Compared with manual transplanting, the amount of labor used in transplanting and seedling raising was decreased in direct seeding cultivation with rolling machine, and increased in field finishing and seedling weeding. In general, the total cost of direct seeding in the whole production season was reduced by 300 yuan / 667 m2, which could effectively alleviate the contradiction of intensive labor use of seedling planting in rural areas. The results could provide a technical reference for rice production mechanization in mountainous terraces in Yunnan province.

Key words: rice, direct-seeding cultivation by rolling machine, simplified cultivation