Abstract:

Flavonoids are important functional components in traditional Chinese medicine. It has strong anti-oxidation effect, eliminate free radicals in vivo, improve immunity, and has the effects of lowering blood sugar, blood lipids, blood pressure and anti-inflammatory. At present, there are few studies on flavonoids in rice, and screening for high-flavonoid resources is rarely involved. The main flavonoids in rice are anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins, the former mostly exist in black rice, and the latter mostly in red rice. The WARD method of systematic clustering was used to analyze the variance of flavone content of 985 rice resources under various classification schemes. The flavone content was divided into four categories: high flavone, higher flavone, medium flavone and low flavone. There were four varieties with high flavone content. The high content of flavonoids could significantly reduce the protein content of rice, increase the chalkiness degree, but had a small impact on other indicators. Combining excellent resources with high flavonoid rice breeding, could comprehensively improve the flavone content of general color rice, provide ideal dietary materials for diabetic patients and patients with three high levels, liver dysfunction and low immunity.

Key words:  rice flavonoids, resource screening, systematic clustering

摘要：

黄酮是中药中重要功能成分，具有较强抗氧化作用，能清除体内自由基，有提高免疫力，降血糖、血脂和血压，消炎的作用。对水稻中的黄酮研究较少，对高黄酮水稻资源的筛选更少有涉及。水稻黄酮主要为花青素与原花青素，花青素多存在于黑米中，原花青素多存在于红米中。通过测定985份资源的黄酮含量，并应用系统聚类中的WARD法，将黄酮含量分为高黄酮、较高黄酮、中等黄酮及低黄酮四类，其中高黄酮品种有4个。黄酮含量高能显著降低稻米蛋白质含量，增加稻米垩白度，但对其他指标影响较小。将优异资源与高黄酮水稻育种结合，全面提高一般色米的黄酮含量，可为糖尿病患者与“三高”（高血糖、高血脂、高血压）患者、肝功能不良者及免疫力较低者提供理想膳食素材。

关键词: 水稻黄酮, 资源筛选, 系统聚类