Abstract:

The implementation of minimum purchase price policy in China has played an important role in increasing farmers' grain yield, promoting grain production and safeguarding national food security since its implantation. However, there existed certain deficiencies in the later implementation such as a decrease in the role of ensuring farmers' rice planting profits, stagnant rice production, difficulty in eliminating inventory rice, and heavy financial burden and so on. Therefore, it need to continuously improve the floor price policy and stimulate the production of quality rice particularly, which can enable the policy rice to be well purchased, managed and sold, thus controlling the policy rice inventory scale and cutting down the subsidies. And the positivity of the farmers can be protected, while a new balance between rice production and the market operation can be built, which will ultimately make new contributions to food security in China.

Key words: rice, minimum purchase price, policy, food security, China

摘要：

我国稻谷最低收购价政策实施以来，在增加农民种粮收益、促进稻谷生产、保障国家粮食安全等方面发挥了积极作用，但在后期实施中也存在着一些不足之处，比如保障农户水稻种植收益作用下降、稻谷产量徘徊不前、库存稻谷去化困难、财政负担沉重等。因此，需要继续完善稻谷最低收购价政策，持续促进水稻尤其是优质稻生产，使政策性稻谷收得进、管得好、销得出，实现政策性稻谷库存规模可控、财政补贴减少等，从而在保护种粮农户积极性、促进稻谷生产与市场健康运行等方面实现新的平衡，为我国粮食安全作出新贡献。

关键词: 稻谷, 最低收购价, 政策, 粮食安全, 中国