Abstract:

A field trail was conducted to evaluate the effects of conventional cultivation and rice-frog co-cultivation on the physicochemical characteristics and dynamic changes of nutrients of the soil and grain yield. The results showed that compared with CK, rice-frog co-culture increased the pH, electrical conductivity, total phosphorus and available phosphorus content of the soil, but decreased soil total nitrogen, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available potassium, and organic matter content of the soil. During the same growth stage of rice, the soil nutrient content of DWH treatment (rice-frog co-culture with higher density frog) was higher than DWL treatment (rice-frog co-culture with low density frog). DWL treatment decreased rice yields significantly by 12.0%, while DWH treatment decreased rice yields by 3.1% with no significant difference compared with CK. The main reason for the decrease in rice yield caused by rice-frog co-culture was that it significantly reduced the effective panicle number of rice. It can be seen that cultivating an appropriate number of black spotted frogs under a rice cropping system will lead to a small decrease in rice yield, but improve the safety of rice and the output of black spotted frogs. Not only does it help to increase the economic benefits of rice fields per unit area, but also reduces environmental pollution and achieves better ecological benefits because the absence of chemical fertilizers and pesticides during production.

Key words: rice-frog co-cultivation, rice, dark-spotted frog, physicochemical characteristics of soil, grain yield

摘要：

通过大田试验比较了常规种稻（CK）、稻蛙共作低密度养蛙（DWL）和稻蛙共作高密度养蛙（DWH）3种模式对稻田土壤理化特性、养分含量变化动态及水稻产量的影响。结果表明，与CK相比，稻蛙共作提高了土壤pH值、电导率、全磷和速效磷含量，但降低了土壤全氮、碱解氮、速效钾和有机质含量，同一生育时期，DWH处理土壤养分含量高于DWL处理；与CK相比，DWL处理显著降低水稻产量12.0%，DWH处理降低水稻产量3.1%，差异不显著。稻蛙共作导致水稻产量下降的主要原因是显著降低了水稻有效穗数。可见，在稻作系统下养殖适宜数量的黑斑蛙会导致水稻产量小幅下降，但稻谷安全性和黑斑蛙产出提高，不仅有助于增加单位面积稻田的经济效益，而且因为生产过程中不施化肥和农药，减少了对环境的污染，实现较好的生态效益。

关键词: 稻蛙共作, 水稻, 黑斑蛙, 土壤理化特性, 产量