Distribution Characteristics and Breeding Applications of Blast Resistance Genes in Advanced-Generation Rice Breeding Materials

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.06.012

Abstract

Abstract:

To elucidate the distribution of rice blast resistance genes in advanced-generation breeding materials, we genotyped 78 rice materials using functional markers for eight known resistance genes (Pia, Pib, Pi5, Pi9, Piks, Pita, Pigm and Pish). This molecular identification of target traits was employed to accelerate the breeding cycle and expedite the development of new resistant cultivars. The results revealed significant variation in the frequency of these resistance genes among the materials. The Pia gene was the most prevalent, with a detection rate of 78.21%, followed by Pi5(66.67%) and Pita(64.10%). In contrast, Pi9 was the rarest, appearing in only 6.41% of the materials. At the individual plant level, genotypes carrying four resistance genes were most common (31 materials, 39.74%), and notably, one line was identified that had pyramided all eight target genes. Regarding hybrid combinations, those incorporating four resistance genes were the most frequent (13 combinations), followed by those with three and five genes (7 and 4 combinations, respectively). Among these, the combinations centered on the Pia+Pib+Pita and Pia+Pi5+Pita+Pish gene sets were the most widespread, each found in 10 materials. Furthermore, sterile lines generally carried more resistance genes than their restorer counterparts. This study systematically clarifies the blast resistance gene profiles in key sterile and restorer lines, providing a crucial theoretical foundation and valuable data for future breeding of resistant parents and the strategic assembly of heterotic hybrids.

Key words: rice, rice blast, molecular markers, polymerization breeding

摘要：

为明确稻瘟病抗性基因在高世代育种材料中的分布，本研究利用8个已知抗稻瘟病基因（Pia、Pib、Pi5、Pi9、Piks、Pita、Pigm、Pish）的功能标记，对78份水稻材料进行了基因型检测与分析。旨在通过对目标性状的分子鉴定，加速抗病新品种的选育进程，缩短育种周期。结果显示，各抗性基因的分布频率存在显著差异。Pia分布最广，检出率高达78.21%；其次为Pi5（66.67%）和Pita（64.10%）；而Pi9的出现频率最低，仅为6.41%。从单份材料携带的基因数量来看，携带4个抗性基因的个体最为普遍，共31份，占总数的39.74%；尤为突出的是，有1份材料聚合了全部8个目标抗性基因。从杂交组合的角度看，包含4个抗性基因的组合数量最多（13个），其次为含3个和5个基因的组合（分别为7个和4个）。其中，以 Pia+Pib+Pita和Pia+Pi5+Pita+Pish为抗性骨架的组合最为常见，各有10份材料携带。此外，分析发现不育系所携带的抗性基因总数普遍多于恢复系。本研究系统阐明了核心不育系与恢复系的稻瘟病抗性基因分布特征，为后续抗病亲本的创制及杂种优势组合的选配提供了理论依据和数据支撑。

关键词: 水稻, 稻瘟病, 分子标记, 聚合育种

CLC Number:

CHEN Qingming, YU Linchuang, SHEN Guanwang, LU Yun, QI Yuliang, YU Xinchun, DONG Lei, SHEN Guanghui, HUO Erwei, XU Shiku, CHANG Xingyuan, FU Ding. Distribution Characteristics and Breeding Applications of Blast Resistance Genes in Advanced-Generation Rice Breeding Materials[J]. China Rice, 2026, 32(6): 81-87.

陈庆明, 余林闯, 申关望, 陆云, 祁玉良, 余新春, 董雷, 沈光辉, 霍二伟, 徐士库, 常幸远, 扶定. 水稻高世代育种材料抗稻瘟病基因的分布特征与育种应用[J]. 中国稻米, 2026, 32(6): 81-87.

Figures/Tables 7

References 23

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