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20 November 2014, Volume 20 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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High-yielding Cultural Techniques of Super Hybrid Rice YLY 900 Yielded 15.40 t/hm2 on a 6.84 hm2 Scale LI Jian-Wu-1, ZHANG Yu-Zhu-2, WU Jun-1, SHU You-Lin-3, ZHOU Ping-4, DENG Qi-Yun-1, 4* 2014, 20(6): 1-4.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (659KB) ( )   YLY 900（short for Y Liangyou 900）, was bred with the wide adaptability PTGMS line Y58S as the female parent and the strong indica restorer line R900 as the male parent, has developed root system, large panicles with plenty of spikelets, high seed setting rate, ideal plant type, suitable growth duration, wide adaptability, high and stable yield, good grain quality and multiple resistances to abiotic stresses, and made a new record for hybrid rice production with an average yield of 15.40 t/hm2 in a larger area of 6.84 hm2 in 2014. In this paper, the characteristics of YLY 900 are introduced and the high-yielding cultivation techniques are described in details.

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Retrospect and Disadvantages Analysis of Jiangsu Direct-sowing Rice and Its Countermeasures SUN Tong-Qing, YANG Hong-Jian, LI Jie, DENG Jian-Ping 2014, 20(6): 5-9.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (735KB) ( )   he application of manual transplanting, seedling throwing, machine transplanting, direct-sowing, and development of direct-sowing rice, the reasons, drawbacks and benefits of direct-sowing rice in Jiangsu Province are described and analyzed in the paper. Finally, the author put forward a series of  countermeasures to control the blind development of  direct-sowing rice.

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Temporal Change Characteristics of Safe Dates for Full Heading and Maturity in Japonica Rice LI Shi-Feng-1, XU Yun-2, LIU Rong-Rong-3 2014, 20(6): 10-13.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (546KB) ( )   In this study, the average daily temperatures from September to November in Nantong City were analyzed. According to the critical temperature indices for japonica rice, obtained rice safe dates of full heading and maturity and the guarantee rate for the safe dates was 50%, 80%, and 90%, respectively. It was observed that the safe dates of full heading during the third 20 years were eight to nine days later than those during the first and second 20 years, and the safe dates of maturity were five to ten days later, respectively. It was observed that as the globe warmed, the critical temperature indices of full heading （20℃） would not develop the function of guiding production, and proposed the reference index, the summation of effective temperature from full heading to maturity, to predict the dates through the security maturity forward daily cumulative effective temperature （≥10℃）. The corrected safe dates for full heading of 80% were September 6, 25 days earlier than initial predicted dates.

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Grey Relational Analysis and Evaluation of Ratoon Rice Varieties in Southern Henan  Region FENG Da-Qing, LIU Xiang-Chen-*, QIAO Li, YU Gui-Long, LI Ping 2014, 20(6): 14-17.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (428KB) ( )   Yield and main economic characters of ten main cropping and ratoon cropping rice variteies in Xinyang city were comprehensively studied by the method of grey relational analysis. The results showed that the most suitable rice variety in Xinyang was Fuliangyou 1 mainly in the equal relational grade analysis and the weighted grade analysis, followed by Liangyou 6326 and Wandao 199. The degree of association of three varieties were close to the target, such as fengyuanyou 358, Suiyuan 9 and Liangyou 302. Wanhanyou 26 was not suitable for ratoon rice cultivation in southern Henan region.

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Determination of Bensulfuron-methyl and Mefenacet Residues in Rice by UPLC-MS/MS LIU Feng, ZHAO Lin, JIN Hai-Tao, CHEN Guo-Feng, REN Hong-Bo, ZHANG Xiao-Bo, ZHANG Rui-Ying-* 2014, 20(6): 18-20.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (389KB) ( )   Established the detection of bensulfuron-methyl and mefenacet residues in rice by UPLC-MS/MS methods. Rice samples were homogenized in acetonitrile, the supernatant was dried by nitrogen concentration, over PSA solid phase extraction（SPE）, measured by UPLC-MS/MS, external standard. Bensulfuron-methyl minimum detectable amount of rice is 0.1ng, the minimum detectable concentration of 0.02 mg/kg, recoveries were 77.7%~91.5%, rice RSD 2.9% to 8.5%; mefenacet in rice in the minimum detectable amount of 0.05 ng, the minimum detectable concentration of 0.01 mg/kg, recoveries were 94.0%~109.0%, rice RSD 5.0% to 8.2%. The method is accurate, rapid, sensitive and able to meet bensulfuron-methyl and mefenacet residue analysis.

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Study on the Critical Value of Zinc and Effects of Zinc Fertilizer on Rice in Calcareous Soil ZHOU Fu-Yu, DING Hua-Ping, CHEN Bin, QIAN Jun, ZHOU Hao 2014, 20(6): 21-23.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (355KB) ( )   Under test condition of the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in the optimum amount of fertilization and the soil available zinc content of 1.0~1.5 mg/kg, the ear number, grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, plant high, ear length and yield increased with the increase of zinc fertilizer. The results showed that the yield of rice was highest when the amount of zinc sulfate was 22.5 kg/hm2, it increased by 12.7% compared to the control. The trends of different soil were similar. The yield in fluvio-aquic soil increased more than that of paddy soil, the ear number in fluvio-aquic soil was higher, but the grains per panicle in paddy soil was higher than that of fluvio-aquic soil. Regressive analysis showed that the optimum amount of zinc sulfate was 21.5~23.0 kg/hm2, the yield reached 9300~9800 kg/hm2. The critical value of soil available zinc deficiency for rice was 1.48 mg/kg.

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Rice Culture Rethinking（8）: Ancient and Modern Rice Sci-techniques——Farming and Cultivation Techniques: From Facing Loess Back Upturned to Machine Plowing, Planting and Harvesting WANG Zhi-Gang, PANG Qian-Lin-*, ZHANG Xiu-Fu, LIN Hai 2014, 20(6): 24-29.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (1052KB) ( )   China has a long history of rice cultivation, from the original slash and burn land to use tools in land reclamation, and then gradually realize plowing, planting and harvesting mechanization. People accumulated rich experiences in rice production, summarized and innovated rice cultivation techniques. The article outlines the technological advances, the formation and development of cropping system and theoretical system of rice cultivation from ancient to modern rice production. It can enrich people's understanding of rice farming and cultivation techniques civilization.

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Effects of Nitrogen Application on Grain Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of No-tillage Machine Transplanted Rice XU Yi-Cheng, ZHU De-Feng, CHEN Hui-Zhe-* 2014, 20(6): 30-34.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (603KB) ( )   The effects of different nitrogen application on grain yield and nitrogen utilization of no-tillage machine transplanted rice Zhongzheyou 1 were studied. The results showed that it is a single peak curve relation between nitrogen rate and yield. The panicle number increased with nitrogen rate, but the effective panicle percentage decreased. The high yield could obtain through enhancing nitrogen input under low planting density condition. The leaf length and chlorophyll content increased when nitrogen input increased, nitrogen agronomic efficiency and the nitrogen partial productivity decreased with the nitrogen rate increased, the optimum planting density was 21 hills per m2, and the optimum nitrogen input was 180 kg/hm2.

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Effects of Nitrogen and Density Ratio on Tillering and Yield of Wufengyou T025 in Red Paddy Soil XIAO Xiao-Jun-1, 2 , XIAO Guo-Bin-2, PENG Xiao-Song-1, LI Ya-Zhen-2, LIU Xiao-San-2, YE Chuan-2, ZHENG Wei-2, HUANG Tian-Bao-2, ZHANG Kun-2, CHEN Ming-2, YU Pao-Lan-2, HE Xiao-Peng-1* 2014, 20(6): 34-37.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (424KB) ( )   Field experiment was carried out to find better amount of N (nitrogen) fertilizer and planting density of Wufengyou T025 in red paddy soil. The tillering dynamics and yield were analyzed under different N ratio and density compared with Tianyou 998. The results showed that the tillering dynamics of Wufengyou T025 was similar to Tianyou 998. The effective tillers of Wufengyou T025 were 328/m2 in 60 days after transplanting, and Tianyou 998 were 349/m2. There was no significant difference among different N rate. However, the tillers per square meter of Wufengyou T025 in D32 and D26 treatment were increased by 13.8%~33.1% and 6.4%~11.1% compared with D21. The tillers per square meter of Tianyou 998 were increased by 30.1%~34.9% and 5.7%~12.1%. The grain yield of N180D32 was highest in all treatments, where Wufengyou T025 and Tianyou 998 were 10 719.0 and 9 682.7 kg/hm2, respectively. The effective panicles and grain numbers per panicle of Wufengyou T025 were higher than Tianyou 998, and the effective panicles were significantly positively correlated with the yield. Therefore, reasonable increase in planting density was mainly increased the effective panicles and achieved high yield. The better ratios of N fertilizer and density were N 180 kg/hm2 and 320 000 hill/hm2.

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Study on Super High-yielding Rice Yongyou 2640 and Wuyunjing 24 Transplanted with Pot-seedling Machine JI Ren-Da-1, YANG Bu-Qin-2, ZHAO Xiao-Bin-3, PAN 恩Fei-3, SHEN Shi-Xian-3 2014, 20(6): 38-41.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (508KB) ( )   Field comparison test was carried out by choosing different types of rice varieties with high yield potential with pot seedling and carpet seedling machine transplanted methods. The results showed that the former seedling quality was higher, survived fast, tillering early, high spike rate, big panicle, more grains and increased output significantly under the same conditions of soil fertility and cultivation management. Under the super high yield cultivation conditions, pot seedling machine transplanted rice had bigger basal internodes, better lodging resistance, early maturing. It provided a new way for safe, stability, efficient and super high yield of a large area of machine transplanted rice cultivation and wheat-rice production.

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Effects of Different Planting Density on Leaf Growth of Rice in Cold Region SUN Hai-Zheng 2014, 20(6): 42-45.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (385KB) ( )   Field experiment was carried out to study the effects of different planting density on leaf growth of rice Kongyu 131 and Longjing 26 under the condition of urea fertilization amount 300 kg/hm2 and N∶P∶K proportion 1.0∶0.5∶0.5 in cold region in Helongjiang Province. The results showed that the optimum planting density for panicle number type rice Kongyu 131 were 166.5~202.5 thousands hill/hm2, the optimum planting density for heavy panicle type rice Longjing 26 were 247.5~333.0 thousands hill/hm2.

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Study on the Effects of Fertilizer Reduction with Efficiency Increase by Appling Strongreen on Rice WU Jia-Qiang-1, ZHENG Xiao-Hong-2, ZHAO Xiao-Mei-1, LI Zhi-Yi-1, HUANG Yun-Qiang-2 2014, 20(6): 46-48.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (366KB) ( )   In view of the phenomenon of excessive fertilizer application with low efficacy in rice production, we conducted a trial of appling rice with Strongreen, which is a biomass micromolecule organic carbon fertilizer and can improving rhizosphere biodiversity, in reducing chemical fertilizer amounts and increasing fertilizers efficiency. The results showed that applying Strongreen and no reduced conventional fertilizer can increase rice yield by 7.8%, and applying Strongreen and reduced conventional fertilizer can obtain equivalent rice yield compared with the conventional fertilization, but it can avoid the waste of chemical fertilizer and slow down the agricultural nonpoint source pollution. Applying Strongreen in both cases can improve rice root activity and increase chlorophyll content and effective panicles.

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On Suitable Planting Density of Different Type Rice Varieties in Cold Region WANG Cui-Ling 2014, 20(6): 49-51.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (322KB) ( )   Different planting density experiment was carried out in the second accumulated temperature zone of Heilongjiang Province, with Suijing 4 and Kenjiandao 6. The results showed that the yield of row spacing 24.0 cm were higher than that of row spacing 30.0 cm, the highest yields in two type panicle of rice varieties were both at row spacing 24.0 cm and plant spacing 13.3 cm.

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Effects of Different Drought Degrees on Rice Growth and Yield YU Lai-Gen-1, CHEN Yan-Zhong-2, ZHU De-Feng-3, WANG Lei-3, ZHANG Yu-Ping-3* 2014, 20(6): 52-54.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (389KB) ( )   The effects of different drought degrees on growth and yield of rice Jia 58 and Yongyou 12 were studied. The results showed that the severe drought （field fracture 30 cm） induced the decrease of rice plant height, dry biomass and yield. The main causes of yield decrease were small spike and the decrease of seed setting rate.

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Effects of Cultivation Techniques on Selenium Increasing and Cadmium Decreasing in Rice YAN Song-Gui-1, DENG Zheng-Chun-2, HAO Jie-Zhou-2, JIANG Ke-Ping-1, CHENG Ze-Xin-3, LI Bin-3, TANG Yu-Mei-3, LIU Xing-Hai-4, ZHANG Xing-Jiang-3 2014, 20(6): 55-58.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (441KB) ( )    Excessive amounts of cadmium （Cd） in rice is a big threaten to food safety, which pose a direct health threat to humans. Selenium （Se） is an essential element for human health. Se has an antagonism against Cd and it promotes removing Cd from human body. Based on three years field tests, the author found an effective way to produce fine quality rice （Se-enrich and low Cd rice） in soils of grade II （Soil Quality Standard, total Cd in soil, 0.2~0.6 mg/kg）. These comprehensive measures are described as follows: fertilize Ca-Mg-P after plowing, spread lime during draining and sunning the fields, apply deep water management at mature stage, and fertilize Se foliar-fertilizer at heading stage and milky stage.

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Effects of Different Sowing Rate on Matrix Raising Seedling Quality and Yield of Machine Transplanted Rice  JIN Jun-1, LAI Qing-Yun-1, LI Wei-Hai-1, LI Yu-Guang-2, CAO Xue-Lin-3 2014, 20(6): 59-61.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (467KB) ( )   The effects of different seed sowing rates on Kejie matrix material raised rice seedling growth and yield of Wuyunjing 23 were investigated in field experiment. The results indicated that there were larger differences for seedling traits of aboveground and underground in different seed sowing rates, the chlorophyll content, twine forces and root vigor were increased when the sowing rate was 120 ~210 g/disc. The optimum sowing rate was 150～180 g/disc, which conducive to foster strong seedling and high yield.

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Preliminary Study on Solar Double-wave Trapping Light in Rice field FENG Cheng-Yu-1, LIU Li-Chun-2 2014, 20(6): 62-65.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (463KB) ( )   The results showed that the quantity of insects lured by single solar double-wave trapping light of 8~18W gradually increased with the lamp power. In rice pests such as Naranga aenescens Moore, Sesamia inferens Walker, Chilo supressalis Walker, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis （Guenee）and Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler and so on, the trapping peak times were obvious, the early warning function were strong. The effective control distance to Naranga aenescens Moore, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis （Guenee） and rice planthopper in the rice field were about 50 m, 30 m and 20 m respectively. Compared with far light district, the quantity of insect near light district reduced by more than 30%.

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Effects of Fishing and New Japonica Rice Varieties Selection in High Altitude Rice-fish Fields LI Rong-Bo-1, MA Ying-Cong-2, MA Wei-Zu-3, YANG Zheng-Fu-2, CHEN Bin-Juan-4 2014, 20(6): 66-68.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (378KB) ( )   In order to reduce rice breeding test costs, the authors studied the effects of fishing and new Japonica rice varieties selection in high altitude rice-fish fields on the basis of previous trials and the successful experience of rice-fish cultivation.The results showed that in trial fields, rice yields were 575.1 kg/667 m2, rice price was high, fish yields were 40.6 kg/667 m2, increasing benefits 1493.3 yuan/667 m2, in surrounding fields, rice yields were 645.2 kg/667 m2.

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Cultivation Techniques and Benefit Analysis on Rice-shrimp Farming System JIN Guo-Qiang, WANG Yu-Kun-*, XU Pan-Feng 2014, 20(6): 69-70.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.019 Abstract ( )   PDF (313KB) ( )   Rice-shrimp farming system is a newly developded pattern in Yuhang District in recent years. In this paper，the techniques of pattern, including the environmental conditions, variety selection, reed type rice seedling raising, planting and management, freshwater shrimp farming, freshwater shrimp disease control and freshwater shrimp fishing, were introduced.

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Planting Performance and Super High Yield Cultivation Techniques of Yongyou 2640 with Bowl Seedling and Mechanical Transplanting YU Yong-Jie, LI Hua, XIA Long-Zhu, QIAN Zong-Hua 2014, 20(6): 71-72.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.020 Abstract ( )   PDF (453KB) ( )   Introduction and demonstration showed that Yongyou 2640 has the performance of early maturity, good color, big panicle, good plant type and stability in seed setting rate. The paper summarized the super high yield cultivation techniques of Yongyou 2640 with bowl seedling and mechanical transplanting, such as cultivating strong seedlings, precise mechannical transplanting, precise quantitative fertilization, water regulation and strengthening pest control.

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Characteristics and Planting Performance of the Indica Late-season Hybrid Rice Yifengyou huazhan with High Yield and Fine Quality ZHOU Ying-Lin-1, 2 , ZOU Xi-Biao-2, PENG Ying-Cai-3, * 2014, 20(6): 73-75.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.021 Abstract ( )   PDF (379KB) ( )   Yifengyou huazhan, a new late-season hybrid indica rice combination derived from the cross of Yifeng A/Huazhan,was bred by China National Rice Research Institute and Jiangxi Dazhong Seed Co Ltd. It is mainly planted as a late-season rice in Jiangxi province and shows good plant type, high and stable yield, high grain quality, resistant to blast,wide adaptability as well as high yield of hybrid seed production. It was registered and released to commercial production in Jiangxi Province in March, 2014. The key points of its cultural management and F1 seed production techniques were discussed in this paper.

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Investigation and Analysis of Three Rice Cultivation Methods in Jiangyan District LIU Xiao-Xia-1, WANG Xian-1, LI Ya-Wei-1, YIN Qin-2 2014, 20(6): 76-77.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.022 Abstract ( )   PDF (188KB) ( )   According to the survey of 246 farmers, 125.38 hm2 rice with different planting methods in Jiangyan district, the authors found out, the yield of machine transplanted rice was slightly lower than that of seedling throwing rice in high yield level, but was higher than direct seeding rice by 31.0 kg/667 m2; in middle and low yield level, the yield of machine transplanted rice was slightly higher than that of seedling throwing rice, and higher than direct seeding rice by 50.0 kg/667 m2. The cost of machine transplanted rice was the lest, but the net benefits was the highest. The results showed that machine transplanted rice is the best choice of Jiangyan district and the future direction of mechanization of rice production.

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Effects of Different Sowing Date on Plant Type and Ear Characters of Direct Seeded Rice ZHAO Tian-Fen, HAN Gen-Cheng, SHEN Qing-Lei 2014, 20(6): 78-80.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.023 Abstract ( )   PDF (295KB) ( )   An experiment was carried out in Shanghai Haifeng Modern Agriculture Co LTD, to study the effects of different sowing date on plant type and ear characters of direct seeded rice of Huaidao 5, Wuyujing3, Wuyunjing21. The preliminary results were as follows: the best sowing date of direct seeded rice was in early June in Haifeng region. With delayed sowing date, the plant heights, upper internodes, the number of primary branches and secondary branches, the grain number per panicle were decreased, the lower internodes were increased. The delayed sowing date had less effects on ear characters, plant heights and yields of Wuyunjing 21 and Huaidao 5 than that of Wuyujing 3.

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Characteristics and High-yielding Cultivation and Seed Production Techniques of Jiyou 225 LI Yao-1, NIE Yuan-Yuan-2, MAO Ling-Hua-2, LI Yong-Hui-2, CAI Yao-Hui-2, YAN Man-Lian-2* 2014, 20(6): 81-83.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.024 Abstract ( )   PDF (443KB) ( )   Jiyou 225 is a new hybrid late indica rice variety with fine quality, high-yielding and high resistance, bred by rice research institute, Jiangxi academy of agricultural sciences. This paper introduced the major characteristics and high-yielding cultivation and F1 seed production techniques of Jiyou 225.

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Screening Test of Single Season Hybrid japonica Rice Combinations in Xiuzhou District YAN Dong-Hui 2014, 20(6): 84-86.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.025 Abstract ( )   PDF (326KB) ( )   Xiuzhou District is the main production area of late japonica rice in the north of Zhejiang. The authors introduced and tested some new japonica hybrid rice combinations to choose new hybrid japonica rice combinations which are suitable to plant in Xiuzhou district for single season rice. The results showed that Zheyou 18, Yongyou 538 and Chunyou 84 have better performance.

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Development Situation and Incentive Policies for Big Farming Households in Fuzhou YE Zhuo-Feng 2014, 20(6): 87-89.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.026 Abstract ( )   PDF (374KB) ( )   In this paper，the development situation and problems for big farming households in Fuzhou city was analyzed, some countermeasures to support the development of big farming households was put forward.