中国稻米

中国稻米 ›› 2021, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 134-137.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.05.029

• 专论与研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南籼稻小苗机插技术研究

龙瑞平1(), 冷升璨2, 赵丽娟2, 尹娇2, 杨久1, 李贵勇1, 夏琼梅1, 朱海平1, 张玉屏3,*(), 杨从党1,*()   

  1. 1云南省农业科学院 粮食作物研究所,昆明 650205
    2云南省德宏州芒市农业技术推广中心,云南 芒市 678400
    3中国水稻研究所,杭州 311400
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-21 出版日期:2021-09-20 发布日期:2021-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 张玉屏,杨从党
  • 作者简介:

    第一作者：lrp725@126.com

  • 基金资助:
    云南省芒市优质米产业科技特派团项目（202104BI090025）;国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-01-22）;云南省财政部门预算项目重大专项（530000210000000013809）;云南省重大科技专项（202102AE090004）;云南省创新团队培养计划项目（2017HC022）

Preliminary Study on Mechanical Transplanting Technique of Small Indica Rice Seedlings in Yunnan Province

Ruiping LONG1(), Shengcan LENG2, Lijuan ZHAO2, Jiao YIN2, Jiu YANG1, Guiyon LI1, Qiongmei XIA1, Haiping ZHU1, Yuping ZHANG3,*(), Congdang YANG1,*()   

  1. 1Food Crops Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205, China
    2Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Mangshi County, Mangshi, Yunnan 678400, China
    3China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
  • Received:2021-07-21 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2021-09-20
  • Contact: Yuping ZHANG, Congdang YANG
  • About author:

    1st author: lrp725@126.com

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摘要：

为了降低机插稻育秧、运秧劳动强度,在云南籼稻地区探索籼稻小苗机插技术。以吉优716为材料,设置160 g/盘（T1 ）和180 g/盘（T2）2个播种量处理,秧龄9 d,每667 m2大田用秧6盘。以常规播种量70 g/盘,15 d秧龄,每667 m2用秧15盘为对照,比较分析了不同处理间秧苗素质、栽插质量、茎蘖动态和产量的差异。结果表明,虽然密播小苗处理秧苗素质不如对照,并且缺丛率较高,但每丛基本苗数、各时期的茎蘖数和有效穗数均显著高于对照,最终产量均高于对照。较高的有效穗数是机插密播小苗技术增产的主要原因。其中,T1处理用种量比对照减少了8.57%,秧盘数比对照减少60%,但产量比对照增加了9.0%,节本增效的效果明显,具有较大的推广潜力。

关键词: 水稻, 密播, 小苗机插

Abstract:

In order to reduce the labor intensity in seedling raising and transportation of mechanically transplanted rice seedlings, the mechanical transplanting technique of small seedlings of indica rice was explored in the indica rice growing area of Yunnan Province. Jiyou 716 was used as material, two sowing rates of 160 g/tray（T1） and 180 g/tray（T2）, with the seedling age of 9 days, and 6 trays of seedlings per 667 m2 were set, with conventional sowing rate of 70 g/tray, 15-day seedling age and 15 trays seedlings per 667 m2 as control, the differences of seedling quality, transplanting quality, tiller number and yield were studied. The results showed that the seedling quality of T1 and T2 treatments was worse and the empty hill percentage was higher, but the basic seedling number per hill, tiller number and effective spikes were significantly higher than the control. The higher effective panicle number was the main reason for the increase of yield in T1 and T2 treatments. The seed consumption in T1 treatment was reduced by 8.57% and the number of trays was reduced by 60%, but the yield was increased by 9.0% compared with the control. The technique has the obvious effects of cost savings and efficiency increasing, and has great promotion potential.

Key words: rice, dense sowing, small seedling mechanical transplanting

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