稻田增氧对水稻根系形态生理特征的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2022.03.001

中国稻米 ›› 2022, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 1-5.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2022.03.001

• 专论与研究 • 下一篇

稻田增氧对水稻根系形态生理特征的影响

徐冉, 胡倩, 褚光¹, 陈松¹, 徐春梅¹, 刘元辉¹, 莫红华³, 章秀福¹^,^*(), 王丹英¹^,^*()

¹中国水稻研究所/水稻生物学国家重点实验室,杭州 311400
²宜宾学院,四川宜宾,644000
³益民农业生产服务合作社,杭州311100;

收稿日期:2021-11-20 出版日期:2022-05-20 发布日期:2022-05-24
通讯作者: 章秀福,王丹英
作者简介:第一联系人：#共同第一作者.
基金资助:
浙江省自然科学基金(LQ19C130008);浙江省“三农六方”项目(2020SNLF011);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2017RG004-5);国家水稻产业技术体系项目(CARS-01)

Effects of Oxygen-increasing Pattern in Paddy Fields on Rice Root Morph-physiological Traits

XU Ran, HU Qian, CHU Guang¹, CHEN Song¹, XU Chunmei¹, LIU Yuanhui¹, MO Honghua³, Zhang Xiufu¹^,^*(), Wang Danying¹^,^*()

¹China National Rice Research Institute/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou 311400, China
²Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan 644000, China
³Yimin Agricultural Production Service Cooperative, Hangzhou 311100, China

Received:2021-11-20 Online:2022-05-20 Published:2022-05-24
Contact: Zhang Xiufu, Wang Danying
About author:First author contact:^#This author contributed equally to the work.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以甬优1540和春优927为试验材料,于2020年开展田间试验,研究了稻田增氧对水稻根系形态与生理特征的影响。结果表明,与CF处理（常淹灌溉）相比,OP处理（稻田增氧）可显著提高水稻产量7.6%~8.7%;同时改善了水稻根系形态与生理特征。主要表现为:提高了齐穗期与灌浆期水稻的根质量与根长密度、增加了根系吸收表面积与活跃吸收表面积;增强了灌浆期水稻的根系氧化力、根系伤流液强度,提高了根系伤流液中的玉米素与玉米素核苷含量。同时,OP处理还改善了地上部植株生理活性,提高了灌浆期水稻剑叶净光合速率以及籽粒中蔗糖合成酶与腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶活性。以上结果说明,稻田增氧可以改善水稻根系形态与生理特征,促进根-冠生长发育,进而提高水稻产量。

关键词: 水稻, 稻田增氧, 根系形态与生理特征, 产量

Abstract:

Using Yongyou 1540 and Chunyou 927 as test materials, we carried out a field trial in 2020, to explore the effects of oxygen-increasing pattern in paddy fields on rice root morph-physiological traits. The results showed that compared with CF treatment （continuous flooding）, OP treatment（topdressing calcium peroxide） significantly increased grain yield by 7.6%~8.7%; meanwhile, it improved rice root morphological and physiological traits, such as increased rice dry weight, root length density, root total absorbing surface area and active absorbing surface area at heading time and mid-grain filling period, and increased root oxidation activity, root bleeding rate and content of cytokinins （zeatin + zeatin riboside） in root bleeding during grain filling period. Meanwhile, OP significantly increased photosynthetic rate of the flag leaf and activities of sucrose synthase and adenosine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase in grains during grain filling period. The above results indicate that increasing oxygen in paddy fields can improve morphological and physiological traits of rice root, promote root-shoot growth, and increase grain yield.

Key words: rice, oxygen-increasing pattern, root morph-physiological traits, yield

中图分类号:

S511.06

徐冉, 胡倩, 褚光, 陈松, 徐春梅, 刘元辉, 莫红华, 章秀福, 王丹英. 稻田增氧对水稻根系形态生理特征的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2022, 28(3): 1-5.

XU Ran, HU Qian, CHU Guang, CHEN Song, XU Chunmei, LIU Yuanhui, MO Honghua, Zhang Xiufu, Wang Danying. Effects of Oxygen-increasing Pattern in Paddy Fields on Rice Root Morph-physiological Traits[J]. China Rice, 2022, 28(3): 1-5.

图/表 6

表1 稻田增氧对水稻产量及其构成因素的影响

图1 稻田增氧对水稻根质量及根长密度的影响

图2 稻田增氧对水稻根系吸收表面积及根系活跃吸收表面积的影响

图3 稻田增氧对水稻根系代谢活性的影响

图4 稻田增氧对水稻剑叶净光合速率的影响

表2 稻田增氧对水稻籽粒中蔗糖合酶及腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶活性的影响

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稻田增氧对水稻根系形态生理特征的影响

Effects of Oxygen-increasing Pattern in Paddy Fields on Rice Root Morph-physiological Traits

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