锌与有机物料配施对水稻吸收转运镉的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2022.06.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用盆栽试验，研究了在重金属镉污染（5 mg/kg）下，2种锌源（硫酸锌、纳米氧化锌）与3种有机物料（蚕砂、菜籽饼、豆饼）配施对水稻吸收镉、锌及对土壤镉形态变化的影响。结果表明，有机物料与锌配施可以提高土壤pH值、阳离子交换量（CEC），降低土壤DTPA提取态镉含量，增加DTPA提取态锌含量，改变镉赋存形态。与对照相比，配施处理均能降低糙米镉含量；当有机物料种类相同时，纳米氧化锌降镉效果优于硫酸锌，其中纳米氧化锌+菜籽饼处理使糙米镉含量降低至0.04 mg/kg，低于国家标准镉的安全限值。相关性分析表明，水稻糙米镉含量与锌含量呈极显著正相关，土壤DTPA提取态镉含量与水稻各器官中的锌含量呈负相关。有机物料与锌配施通过改变土壤DTPA提取态镉和锌含量、水稻各器官锌含量及镉形态影响水稻吸收积累镉的能力。

关键词: 水稻, 镉, 锌, 有机物料, 土壤

Abstract:

On account of Cd pollution （5 mg/kg）, a pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of combined application of two zinc sources （ZnSO₄, ZnO-NPs） and three organic components （silkworm sand, rapeseed cake, bean cake） on the adsorption of Cd and Zn by rice, and Cd speciation in the soil. The results showed that the combined application of organic components and zinc could increase soil pH and CEC （cation exchange capacity） values, reduce soil DTPA-extracted cadmium content, increase DTPA-extracted zinc content, and change cadmium speciation. Compared with the control, the combined treatments could reduce Cd concentration in the brown rice. While employing the same organic component, the combined treatment of ZnO-NPs obviously surpassed that of ZnSO₄. The treatment of ZnO-NPs + rapeseed cake could reduce Cd concentration to 0.04 mg/kg in brown rice, lower than the national standard. Correlation analysis showed that the cadmium content in brown rice was significantly positively correlated with the zinc content in brown rice, and the soil DTPA-extracted cadmium content was negatively correlated with the zinc content in various organs of rice. Combined application of organic components and zinc sources could affect the ability of rice to absorb and accumulate Cd by altering Cd and Zn availability in soil, Zn concentration in various organs of rice and Cd speciation.

Key words: rice, Cd, Zinc, organic components, soil

中图分类号:

S511.062

陶润萍, 张嘉伟, 曹珊, 朱靖, 徐轶群. 锌与有机物料配施对水稻吸收转运镉的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2022, 28(6): 83-88.

TAO Runping, ZHANG Jiawei, CAO Shan, ZHU Jing, XU Yiqun. Effects of Combined Application of Zinc and Organic Components on Cadmium Absorption and Transport in Rice[J]. China Rice, 2022, 28(6): 83-88.

图/表 7

表 1 供试有机物料的基本理化性质

表2 不同处理对土壤基本理化性质的影响

表3 不同处理对水稻不同时期土壤DTPA-Cd、DTPA-Zn含量的影响（单位：mg/kg）

图1 不同配施处理对水稻各部位Cd含量的影响

图2 不同配施处理对水稻各部位Zn含量的影响

图3 不同处理对土壤Cd形态占比的影响

表4 土壤理化性质、DTPA-Cd、Zn含量与水稻各器官Cd、Zn含量的相关系数（N=12）

参考文献 31

[1]	MAJUMDER S, BANIK P. Geographical variation of arsenic distribution in paddy soil, rice and rice-based products: A meta-analytic approach and implications to human health[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019, 233: 184-199. PMID
[2]	GAN Y, HUANG X, LI S, et al. Source quantification and potential risk of mercury, cadmium, arsenic, lead, and chromium in farmland soils of Yellow River Delta[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 221: 98-107.
[3]	环境保护部, 国土资源部. 2014年全国土壤污染状况调查公报[J]. 环保产业, 2014, 36(5):1689-1 692.
[4]	ANSARI M, NEHA, KHAN H A. Effect of cadmium chloride exposure during the induction of collagen induced arthritis[J]. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2015, 238: 55-65. PMID
[5]	张晓绪, 张嘉伟, 孙星星, 等. 蚯蚓粪对镉在土壤-水稻系统中迁移转化影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2020, 39(8):1723-1 733.
[6]	REHMAN M, KHALID H, F AKMAL, et al. Effect of limestone, lignite and biochar applied alone and combined on cadmium uptake in wheat and rice under rotation in an effluent irrigated field[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2017, 227: 560-568. PMID
[7]	刘媛媛, 刘超, 陈卓君, 等. 不同有机物料的Cd²⁺吸附特性及其对Cd污染土壤的修复效果研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2018, 37(4):705-710.
[8]	宫常修. 施用有机物料对污染土壤Cd和Cu形态、生物学性质及青菜生长的影响[D]. 武汉: 华中农业大学, 2011.
[9]	吴海霞. 水分联合蚕沙炭及蚕沙对Cd污染土壤微生物生态及水稻累积Cd的影响[D]. 南宁: 广西大学, 2018.
[10]	DA R L, YANG W W, QIU J L, et al. Application of silkworm excrement and red mud for soil remediation contaminated by lead and cadmium[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2015, 46(4): 977-984.
[11]	徐蒙蒙, 涂春艳, 黄河, 等. 淹水条件下蚕沙复配材料对酸性水稻土中镉铅钝化的影响[J]. 环境工程学报, 2018, 12(4):1182-1 189.
[12]	YONG S O, USMAN A, SANG S L, et al. Effects of rapeseed residue on lead and cadmium availability and uptake by rice plants in heavy metal contaminated paddy soil[J]. Chemosphere, 2011, 85(4): 677-682. PMID
[13]	尹炳奎, 黄满红, 张大磊, 等. 菜籽饼施加对镉-铜污染土壤中重金属形态转化及其植物有效性的影响[J]. 环境工程学报, 2017, 11(6):3879-3 883.
[14]	王吉秀, 祖艳群, 李元. 镉锌交互作用及生态学效应研究进展[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2010, 29(suppl1):256-260.
[15]	YANG J X, WANG L Q, WEI D P, et al. Foliar spraying and seed soaking of zinc fertilizers decreased cadmium accumulation in cucumbers grown in Cd-contaminated soils[J]. Soil and Sediment Contamination, 2011, 20(4): 400-410.
[16]	李虹呈, 王倩倩, 贾润语, 等. 外源锌对水稻各部位镉吸收与累积的拮抗效应[J]. 环境科学学报, 2018, 38(12):4854-4 863.
[17]	辜娇峰, 杨文弢, 周航, 等. 外源锌刺激下水稻对土壤镉的累积效应[J]. 环境科学, 2016, 37(9):3554-3 561.
[18]	索炎炎, 吴士文, 朱骏杰, 等. 叶面喷施锌肥对不同镉水平下水稻产量及元素含量的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2012, 38(4):449-458.
[19]	CHERIF J, DERBEL N, NAKKACH M, et al. Spectroscopic studies of photosynthetic responses of tomato plants to the interaction of zinc and cadmium toxicity[J]. Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology B Biology, 2012, 111: 9-16.
[20]	TESSIER A P, CAMPBELL P, BISSON M X. Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals[J]. Analytical Chemistry, 1979, 51(7): 844-853.
[21]	王怡璇, 刘杰, 唐云舒, 等. 硅对水稻镉转运的抑制效应研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2016, 25(11):1822-1 827.
[22]	GUO F Y, DING C F, ZHOU Z G, et al. Effects of combined amendments on crop yield and cadmium uptake in two cadmium contaminated soils under rice-wheat rotation[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2018, 148: 303-310. PMID
[23]	朱利楠, 化党领, 杨金康, 等. 不同改良剂对微碱性土壤镉形态及小麦吸收的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(8):3559-3 566.
[24]	SHAO J F, CHE J, YAMAJI N, et al. Silicon reduces cadmium accumulation by suppressing expression of transporter genes involved in cadmium uptake and translocation in rice[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2017, 68(20): 5 641-5 651.
[25]	WANG Z, WANG H, XU C, et al. Foliar application of Zn-EDTA at early filling stage to increase grain Zn and Fe, and reduce grain Cd, Pb and grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2020, 105(3): 428-432.
[26]	SHI Z Y, YANG S Q, HAN D, et al. Silicon alleviates cadmium toxicity in wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L.) by reducing cadmium ion uptake and enhancing antioxidative capacity[J]. Environmental Science & Pollution Research, 2018, 25(8): 7 638-7 646.
[27]	YAMAJI N, XIA J, MI N, et al. Preferential delivery of zinc to developing tissues in rice is mediated by P-type heavy metal ATPase OsHMA₂[J]. Plant Physiology, 2013, 162(2): 927-939. PMID
[28]	宋正国, 徐明岗, 刘平, 等. 锌对土壤镉有效性的影响及其机制[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2008, 27(3):889-893.
[29]	HUANG G, DING C, ZHOU Z, et al. A tillering application of zinc fertilizer based on basal stabilization reduces Cd accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2019, 167: 338-344.
[30]	NAN Z, LI J, ZHANG J, et al. Cadmium and zinc interactions and their transfer in soil-crop system under actual field conditions[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2002, 285(1): 187-195.
[31]	周坤, 刘俊, 徐卫红, 等. 外源锌对不同番茄品种抗氧化酶活性、镉积累及化学形态的影响[J]. 环境科学学报, 2014, 34(6):1592-1 599.