近年我国水稻遗传育种研究进展与展望

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2023.06.001

中国稻米 ›› 2023, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 1-4.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2023.06.001

• 专论与研究 • 下一篇

近年我国水稻遗传育种研究进展与展望

占小登¹(), 王凯², 曹立勇¹^,^*()

¹中国水稻研究所，杭州 311400
²袁隆平农业高科技股份有限公司，长沙 410128

收稿日期:2023-09-25 出版日期:2023-11-20 发布日期:2023-11-21
通讯作者: *caoliyong@caas.cn
作者简介:
第一作者：zhanxiaodeng@caas.cn
基金资助:
浙江省农业（水稻）新品种选育重大科技专项“三系法杂交水稻新组合选育(2021C02063-1);国家水稻产业技术体系(CARS-01);海南省崖州湾种子实验室“揭榜挂帅”项目“高产优质多抗杂交水稻新品种培育(B21HJ0219);南亚优质香稻资源的引进及选育适合海南的食用优质稻新品种(YBXM06)

Advance and Prospect of Rice Genetics and Breeding Research in 2020—2022 in China

ZHAN Xiaodeng¹(), WANG Kai², CAO Liyong¹^,^*()

¹China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
²Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co. Ltd.,Changsha 410128, China

Received:2023-09-25 Online:2023-11-20 Published:2023-11-21
Contact: *caoliyong@caas.cn
About author:
1st author: zhanxiaodeng@caas.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

综述了2020—2022年我国水稻遗传规律研究、品种选育与种业发展等方面的进展，简要比较了国内外的研究进展差异，提出了研究趋势与展望。在水稻品种演化规律研究方面，揭示了已知功能基因在主栽品种选育中的演化规律，发现高产、植株形态优势和抵御生物胁迫的抗性单倍型是籼稻主栽品种能够大面积种植的关键因素，早熟、抵御非生物胁迫的抗性单倍型是粳稻主栽品种大面积种植的关键；创制了世界首例重新设计和快速驯化的四倍体水稻，实现从“0”到“1”的突破，开辟了全新的作物育种方向；开发了一款智能化的水稻育种导航程序，在水稻新品种快速培育方面应用潜力巨大；创新了许多育种理论与技术，创制了许多基因编辑水稻材料，为新品种培育奠定基础，3年来育成审定品种（不育系）6 177个，其中61.4%以企业为第一单位育成。

关键词: 水稻, 遗传育种, 理论, 品种, 种业, 进展, 展望

Abstract:

The paper overall reviewed the research progress of genetic rule, varieties breeding, seed industries of rice in 2020—2022 in China, briefly comparied the research difference in China and abroad, prospected the research trend and direction. In terms of research on the evolution of rice varieties, it was found that high yield, plant morphological dominance, and resistant haplotypes resistant to biological stress are critical factors for extensive area planting of primary types of indica rice, while early maturity and resistant haplotypes resistant to abiotic stress are vital factors for vast area planting of primary varieties of japonica rice; The world's first redesigned and rapidly domesticated tetraploid rice were created, achieving a breakthrough of "from 0 to 1" and opening up a new direction for crop breeding; An intelligent rice breeding navigation program has been developed, with great potential for application in the rapid cultivation of new rice varieties; Many new breeding theories and methods have been innovated, and several new breeding techniques have been invented. Over the past three years, 6 177 varieties (sterile male lines) have been bred and approved, 61.4% of which were bred by enterprises.

Key words: rice, genetics breeding, theory, variety, seed industry, achivement, prospect

中图分类号:

S511.03

占小登, 王凯, 曹立勇. 近年我国水稻遗传育种研究进展与展望[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 1-4.

ZHAN Xiaodeng, WANG Kai, CAO Liyong. Advance and Prospect of Rice Genetics and Breeding Research in 2020—2022 in China[J]. China Rice, 2023, 29(6): 1-4.

参考文献 35

[1]	SONG J M, XIE W Z, WANG S, et al. Two gap-free reference genomes and a global view of the centromere architecture in rice[J]. Molecular Plant, 2021, 14: 1 757-1 767.
[2]	ZHANG Y L, FU J, WANG K, et al. The telomere-to-telomere gap-free genome of four rice parents reveals SV and PAV patterns in hybrid rice breeding[J]. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2022, 20(9): 1 642-1 644.
[3]	LI K, JIANG W K, HUI Y Y, et al. Gapless indica rice genome reveals synergistic contributions of active transposable elements and segmental duplications to rice genome evolution[J]. Molecular Plant, 2021, 14: 1745-1756.
[4]	YE J H, ZHANG M C, YUAN X P, et al. Genomic insight into genetic changes and shaping of major inbred rice cultivars in China[J]. New Phytologist, 2022, 236(6): 2 311-2 326.
[5]	LIU C L, WANG T Y, CHEN H H, et al. Genomic footprints of Kam Sweet Rice domestication indicate possible migration routes of the Dong people in China and provide resources for future rice breeding[J]. Molecular Plant, 2022, 16(2): 415-431.
[6]	LIN Z K, QIN P, ZHANG X W, et al. Divergent selection and genetic introgression shape the genome landscape of heterosis in hybrid rice[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020, 117: 4 623-4 631.
[7]	LV Q M, LI W G, SUN Z Z, et al. Resequencing of 1 143 indica rice accessions reveals important genetic variations and different heterosis patterns[J]. Nature Communication, 2020, 11(1): 4 778.
[8]	GU Z L, ZHU Z, LI Z, et al. Cytoplasmic and nuclear genome variations of rice hybrids and their parents inform the trajectory and strategy of hybrid rice breeding[J]. Molecular Plant, 2021, 14(12): 2 056-2 071.
[9]	YU H, LIN T, MENG X B, et al. A route to de novo domestication of wild allotetraploid rice[J]. Cell, 2021, 184(5): 1 156-1 170.
[10]	YU Q, LIU S, YU L, et al. RNA demethylation increases the yield and biomass of rice and potato plants in field trials[J]. Nature Biotechnology, 2021, 39: 1 581-1 588.
[11]	WEI X, QIU J, YONG K C, et al. A quantitative genomics map of rice provides genetic insights and guides breeding[J]. Nature Genetics, 2021, 53: 243-253.
[12]	WANG Y F, ZHANG P X, GUO W J, et al. A deep learning approach to automate whole-genome prediction of diverse epigenomic modifications in plants[J]. New Phytologist, 2021, 232(2): 880-897.
[13]	ZHAO H, LI J C, YANG L, et al. An inferred functional impact map of genetic variants in rice[J]. Molecular Plant, 2021, 14(9): 1 584-1 599.
[14]	JIA L H, LI Y, HUANG F F, et al. LIRBase: A comprehensive database of long inverted repeats in eukaryotic genomes[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2021, 50: 174-182.
[15]	HUANG L H, LI Q F, ZHANG C Q, et al. Creating novel Wx alleles with fine-tuned amylose levels and improved grain quality in rice by promoter editing using CRISPR/Cas9 system[J]. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2020, 18(11): 2 164-2 166.
[16]	DONG S Q, DONG X X, HAN X K, et al. OsPDCD5 negatively regulates plant architecture and grain yield in rice[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2018799118.
[17]	尹丽颖, 张元野, 李荣田, 等. 利用 CRISPR/Cas9 技术创制高效抗除草剂水稻[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022, 36(5):459-466.
[18]	梁敏敏, 张华丽, 陈俊宇, 等. 利用 CRISPR/Cas9 技术创制抗稻瘟病香型早籼温敏核不育系[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022, 36(3):248-258.
[19]	周天顺, 余东, 刘玲, 等. 利用 CRISPR/Cas9 技术编辑 AFP1基因提高水稻耐逆性[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2021, 35(1):11-18.
[20]	徐善斌, 郑洪亮, 刘利锋, 等. 利用 CRISPR/Cas9 技术高效创制长粒香型水稻[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2020, 34(5):406-412.
[21]	LU Y, WANG J Y, CHEN B, et al. A donor DNA-free CRISPR-Cas-based approach to gene knock-up in rice[J]. Nature Plants, 2021, 7: 1 445-1 452.
[22]	李全衡. 云南多年生稻试验与发展[J]. 种子科技, 2022(8):1-3.
[23]	国家水稻数据中心. 品种与系谱[DB/OL]. https://www.ricedata.cn/.
[24]	WEI X, LIU C L, CHEN X, et al. Synthetic apomixis with normal hybrid rice seed production[J]. Molecular Plant, 2023, 16(3): 489-492.
[25]	CHENG W, XU Z, FAN S, et al. Effects of variations in the chemical composition of individual rice grains on the eating quality of hybrid indica rice based on near-infrared spectroscopy[J]. Foods, 2022, 11 (17): 2 634.
[27]	李新海, 路明, 郑军, 等. 作物种业发展趋势与对策分析[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(12):1-7.
[28]	杨远柱, 王凯, 符辰建, 等. 中国水稻商业化育种成就与展望[J]. 中国稻米, 2021, 27(4):35-44.
[29]	王振忠, 刘作凯, 李翔, 等. 我国水稻商业化育种现状与发展建议[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(3): 1-5.
[30]	肖国樱. 加快推进湖南省生物育种研究和产业化应用的建议[J]. 杂交水稻, 2022, 37(3):1-6.
[35]	王跃星, 魏祥进, 徐春春, 等. 我国水稻种业发展现状与对策浅析[J]. 中国稻米, 2022, 28(5):62-65.

近年我国水稻遗传育种研究进展与展望

Advance and Prospect of Rice Genetics and Breeding Research in 2020—2022 in China

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 35

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	崔元江, 吕阳, 胡海涛, 吴世强, 郭龙彪. 近年我国水稻分子生物学研究进展[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 10-15.
[2]	孙平勇, 舒服, 李天春, 许国冬, 张武汉, 何强, 邓华凤. 优质两系杂交水稻爽两优132高产制种技术[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 114-115.
[3]	从夕汉, 阮新民, 施伏芝, 杜弘杨, 罗彦长, 罗玉祥, 罗志祥. 广适籼型两系不育系7011S的选育与应用[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 116-118.
[4]	张欣欣, 明珂, 冯国忠. 水稻病虫害生物防治应用研究进展[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 16-20.
[5]	侯雨萱, 于林, 李阳, 谌江华. 16种杀菌剂对3种水稻病原细菌的室内抑菌效果研究[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 28-32.
[6]	白成鑫, 高嘉聪, 曾檬, 赵泓博, 赵鑫, 王帅, 王楠. 3种Maillard反应前体物质对稻草木质素腐解及腐殖质组成的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 39-43.
[7]	刘佳欣, 吴周周, 周婵婵, 阿娜, 李漪濛, 王术. 水稻倒伏性状与抗倒途径研究进展[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 44-48.
[8]	郑广杰, 陶怡, 沈兴连, 叶昌, 徐亚楠, 褚光, 徐春梅, 王丹英. 水稻种子萌发出苗研究及直播生产上相关难题[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 49-55.
[9]	朱均林, 褚光, 章秀福. 近年我国水稻栽培学科若干热点领域研究进展与展望[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 5-9.
[10]	徐杰, 石浩, 杨柳, 刘厚清, 鲍春辉, 马昀钊, 吴文福. 中日粳稻适时收割对产量及品质影响的研究进展[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 67-72.
[11]	万丙良, 杜雪树, 徐华山, 陈少愚, 游艾青. 湖北优质长粒籼稻品种创新与品牌打造[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 73-78.
[12]	王忍, 黄璜, 陈灿, 马微微, 马昀君, 张印, 马学虎, 罗雨聪, 陈烈臣, 罗明德. 湖南稻鸭生态种养水稻品种优选研究[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 83-86.
[13]	徐富贤, 高尚卿, 孔晓谦, 徐魏, 伍燕翔, 徐麟, 魏林, 肖鹏飞, 佘恒志, 陈凯, 龚飞, 蒋鹏, 张林, 郭晓艺, 刘茂. 杂交水稻机械收获减少稻谷产量损失度的关键技术研究[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(6): 99-102.
[14]	罗锡坤, 李敏, 张恒栋, 张发丽, 罗德强, 江学海, 周维佳. 不同类型杂交稻品种在贵州兴义的高产潜力及氮肥利用特性研究[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(5): 105-109.
[15]	李睿, 于广星, 陈盈, 董立强, 王双, 李跃东. 基质粒径对水稻秧苗素质的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(5): 110-113.