关键词: 常规稻, 氮高效, 高产, 优质, 育种策略

Abstract:

At the beginning of the 21st century, the main high-quality conventional rice varieties in Guangxi generally showed the problems of relatively short plants with low biological yield, small and medium panicle type with fewer grains per panicle, thin and short grain type with lighter thousand grain weight, which led to low yield. The nitrogen fertilizer reduction and efficiency increase demanded in rice production. In view of the above situation, we proposed a breeding strategy of conventional rice with high nitrogen efficiency, high yield and high quality, focused on reshaping plant type, panicle type and grain type, optimizing parent selection, alternating recurrent breeding under normal water and fertilizer and low nitrogen conditions, so as to realize the high coordination and unity of nitrogen utilization, yield and quality. Using this strategy, we bred some conventional rice varieties such as Guiyu 9 with high nitrogen efficiency, high yield and high quality. The achievements of Guiyu 9 and other varieties as the core were awarded the second prize of Guangxi Science and Technology Progress Award in 2022. In the next step, we will strengthen the application of molecular marker-assisted selection technology in the selection of nitrogen-efficient traits, and strengthen the breeding research of disease resistance, insect resistance, aroma and drought tolerance on the basis of high nitrogen efficiency, high yield and high quality.

Key words: conventional rice, high nitrogen efficiency, high yield, high quality, breeding strategy