豫南再生稻研究进展与发展对策

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2025.03.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文介绍了豫南地区再生稻的生产现状，综述了近年来该区域在再生稻生态适应性、品种鉴定、高产栽培技术以及栽培模式创新等方面的研究进展，并提出了豫南稻区再生稻“四早一高”栽培策略，即“选择早中熟品种、适期提早播种育秧、适时早移栽、及时早收获头季稻，以及头季稻收获时高留桩”等。同时，明确了适宜在豫南稻区作再生稻品种的具体农艺指标：生育期120~136 d，每穗粒数129~173粒，单株分蘖数达到或超过11.5个，且头季稻收割后第5天再生芽出鞘率≥75.3%。此外，文章还指出了豫南地区再生稻生产中面临的挑战，包括早春育秧时易受低温冷害影响、促芽肥施用难以到位、机械收割损失率高以及稻谷补贴政策难以有效落实等问题。针对这些问题提出了相关解决方案。

关键词: 再生稻, 研究进展, 发展对策, 河南

Abstract:

This paper introduces the current production status of ratoon rice in southern Henan and provides a comprehensive overview of recent research progress in this region concerning the ecological adaptability, variety identification, high-yield cultivation techniques, and innovation in cultivation models of ratoon rice. It also proposes a “four-early and one-high” cultivation strategy for ratoon rice in southern Henan, which involves “selecting early- to mid-maturing varieties, sowing and nurturing seedlings earlier at an appropriate time, transplanting seedlings early in a timely manner, harvesting the main crop early, and maintaining a high stubble height at the time of main crop harvest”. Meanwhile, specific agronomic indicators suitable for ratoon rice varieties in southern Henan are clarified: a growth duration of 120 to 136 days, 129 to 173 grains per panicle, a tiller number per plant reaching or exceeding 11.5, and a ratooning bud sheath emergence rate of ≥75.3% on the 5th day after the main crop harvest. Furthermore, the paper highlights the challenges faced in ratoon rice production in southern Henan, including vulnerability to low-temperature and cold damage during early spring seedling raising, difficulties in effectively applying bud-promoting fertilizer, high loss rates during mechanical harvesting, and the ineffective implementation of rice subsidy policies. To address these issues, relevant solutions are proposed.

Key words: ratoon rice, research progress, development straitegy, Henan

中图分类号:

S511.047

余贵龙, 赵海英, 李歌星, 刘祥臣, 谷孟轩, 丰大清, 胡杨, 张强, 彭廷, 刘亚丽, 扶定. 豫南再生稻研究进展与发展对策[J]. 中国稻米, 2025, 31(3): 14-20.

YU Guilong, ZHAO Haiying, LI Gexing, LIU Xiangchen, GU Mengxuan, FENG Daqing, HU Yang, ZHANG Qiang, PENG Ting, LIU Yali, FU Ding. Research Progress and Development Straitegies on Ratoon Rice in Southern Henan[J]. China Rice, 2025, 31(3): 14-20.

图/表 2

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