中国稻米

中国稻米 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 109-112.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2025.06.016

• 品种与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

“大棚番茄-单季稻”轮作模式对土壤性状及水稻生长和产量的影响

毛晓梅1,#, 薛美琴1,#, 朱丽晶2, 杨健1,*()   

  1. 1长兴县农业技术推广服务总站，浙江 长兴 313100
    2长兴丽晶家庭农场，浙江 长兴 313100
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-28 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-07
  • 通讯作者: *438826869k@qq.com
  • 作者简介:

    #共同第一作者

    #Co-first author

Effects of the “Greenhouse Tomato-Single Season Rice” Rotation Model on Soil Properties and Rice Growth and Yields

MAO Xiaomei1,#, XUE Meiqin1,#, ZHU Lijing2, YANG Jian1,*()   

  1. 1Changxing County Agricultural Technology Extension Service Station, Changxing, Zhejiang 313100, China
    2Changxing Lijing Family Farm, Changxing, Zhejiang 313100, China
  • Received:2025-06-28 Published:2025-11-20 Online:2025-11-07

RichHTML

PDF

摘要：

菜稻轮作是一种能够实现粮经双丰收的高效生态种植模式。本研究聚焦于番茄，深入对比了“大棚番茄-单季稻”与“大棚番茄-青梗菜”这两种不同轮作模式对土壤环境、番茄生长状况及生产效益的影响，同时探究了“大棚番茄-单季稻” 模式对水稻生长及产量的影响，旨在为推广“大棚蔬菜-水稻”稳粮增效模式提供理论依据。结果表明，“大棚番茄-单季稻”轮作模式降低了土壤中速效钾和有效磷含量，有效缓解了土壤酸化问题，改善了土壤理化性状和微生物群落结构，进而促进土壤健康和作物生长。在该轮作模式下，建议选用生育期较短、品质优良且抗病性强的早熟品种，并在7月15日之前直播，在此条件下，常规稻的产量能够稳定在364.84 kg/667 m2以上。杂交粳稻虽然产量高于常规粳稻，但稻曲病的发生程度更为严重。轮作后，番茄长势显著增强，产量可达到3 546.75 kg/667 m2，较“大棚番茄-青梗菜”模式增产309.81 kg/667 m2，增加收益602.00元/667 m2。综上所述，“大棚番茄-单季稻”轮作模式不仅显著提升了经济效益，也规避了粮食作物与经济作物争地的矛盾，有利于设施蔬菜产业和粮食产业可持续发展，具有良好的推广潜力。

关键词: 水稻, 番茄, 栽培模式, 土壤性状, 经济效益

Abstract:

The vegetable-rice rotation model is an efficient and ecological planting pattern that enables the dual harvest of grain and cash crops. This study takes tomato as the research object, conducting an in-depth comparison of the impacts of two different rotation models, namely “greenhouse tomato-single-season rice” and “greenhouse tomato-Chinese cabbage” on soil properties, tomato growth conditions, and production benefits, and the effects of the “greenhouse tomato-single-season rice” rotation model on rice growth and yield. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the “greenhouse vegetable-rice” model, which stabilizes grain production and enhances efficiency. The results indicated that the “greenhouse tomato-single-season rice” rotation model reduced the content of readily available potassium and available phosphorus in the soil. This effectively alleviated soil acidification, improved the soil’s physicochemical properties and microbial community structure, and thereby promoted soil health and crop growth. Under this rotation model, it is recommended to select early-maturing rice varieties with a short growth period, excellent quality, and strong disease resistance, and sow them directly before July 15. Under these conditions, the yield of conventional rice can be stably maintained at over 364.84 kg/667 m2. Although hybrid japonica rice yields higher than conventional japonica rice, it is more prone to false smut. After rotation, the growth vigor of tomato was significantly enhanced, with a yield reached 3,546.75 kg/667 m2. Compared with the “greenhouse tomato- Chinese cabbage” model, this model increased yield of 309.81 kg/667 m2, resulting in an additional income of 602.00 ￥ /667 m2. In summary, the “greenhouse tomato- single-season rice” rotation model not only significantly improves economic benefits but also avoids the conflict between grain and cash crops competing for land. It is conducive to the sustainable development of the facility vegetable industry and the grain industry, demonstrating good potential for promotion.

Key words: rice, greenhouse tomato, cultivation model, soil properties, economic benefits

中图分类号: