中国稻米

中国稻米 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 108-111.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2025.05.018

• 品种与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

早籼稻中组143机插秧龄和种植密度对生长发育和产量形成的影响

李慧(), 兰天明, 王晶卿, 唐承翰, 张玉屏, 王亚梁*()   

  1. 中国水稻研究所，杭州 310006
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-19 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-09-11
  • 通讯作者: *wangyaliang@caas.cn
  • 作者简介:

    第一作者：h183lihui@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划(2023ZDXTO7-2);国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2301304);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01A);南方多熟制水稻长秧龄机械化育秧与栽植农艺研究及示范(2024YFD2000201);中国水稻研究所基本科研业务费项目

Effects of Seedling Age and Planting Densities on Growth and Yield Formation of Mechanical Transplanted Early Indica Rice Zhongzu 143

LI Hui(), LAN Tianming, WANG Jingqing, TANG Chenghan, ZHANG Yuping, WANG Yaliang*()   

  1. China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
  • Received:2025-05-19 Published:2025-09-20 Online:2025-09-11
  • About author:

    1st author: h183lihui@163.com

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摘要：

为明确不同种植密度对缓解秧龄延长导致产量损失的效应，本试验以常规早籼稻品种中组143为研究对象，设置2个不同机插秧龄：20 d（B1）、35 d（B2），3个机插种植密度：30 cm×12 cm（D1）、30 cm×16 cm（D2）和30 cm×18 cm（D3），考察不同处理下水稻群体的分蘖动态、干物质积累以及产量及其构成因子的变化。结果表明，长秧龄机插的早稻，其干物质积累量降低，发棵速度变慢，有效穗数减少，导致产量降低；对于长秧龄机插早稻，提高种植密度能够增加其有效穗数和干物质积累量，从而提高产量。综上所述，提高种植密度能够弥补长秧龄下有效穗数和干物质积累的减少，从而有效缓解长秧龄机插带来的产量损失。

关键词: 早稻, 长秧龄, 机插, 种植密度, 产量

Abstract:

Extending the seedling age can lead to a decrease in the yield of mechanically transplanted early rice, while different planting densities significantly affect the production of machine-transplanted rice with extended seedling age. This study aims to clarify the effects of different planting densities in alleviating yield loss caused by prolonged seedling age. This experiment used the conventional early indica rice variety Zhongzu 143 as the research subject. Two different seedling ages for mechanical transplantation were established: 20 days (B1) and 35 days (B2), and three planting specifications for mechanical transplantation were set: 30 cm × 12 cm (D1), 30 cm × 16 cm (D2), and 30 cm × 18 cm (D3). The changes in tillering dynamics, dry matter accumulation, and yield as well as its components of rice populations under different planting densities were investigated. The results showed that for early rice with extended seedling age under mechanical transplantation, the dry matter accumulation decreased, tillering slowed down, and the number of effective panicles reduced, leading to a decrease in yield. For early rice with extended seedling age under mechanical transplantation, increasing the planting density could enhance the number of effective panicles and dry matter accumulation, thus increasing the yield. In summary, increasing the planting density can compensate for the reduction in the number of effective panicles and dry matter accumulation under extended seedling age, thereby effectively alleviating the yield loss associated with mechanical transplantation of rice with extended seedling age.

Key words: early rice, long seedling age, machine transplanting, planting density, yield

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