水稻萌发耐淹性鉴定评价方法研究及种质资源筛选

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2023.04.0010

中国稻米 ›› 2023, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 53-58.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2023.04.0010

水稻萌发耐淹性鉴定评价方法研究及种质资源筛选

孙志广(), 刘艳, 李景芳, 周振玲, 邢运高, 徐波, 周群, 王德荣, 卢百关, 方兆伟, 王宝祥(), 徐大勇()

连云港市农业科学院/江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心，江苏连云港 222006

收稿日期:2023-01-26 出版日期:2023-07-20 发布日期:2023-07-26
通讯作者: *wbxrice@163.com； xudayong3030@sina.com
作者简介:第一联系人：
zhiguangsun@126.com
基金资助:
现代农业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-01-61);江苏省农业重大品种创制(PZCZ201704);江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK20201214);江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目[JBGS(2021);连云港市财政专项资金(QNJJ2001);连云港市财政专项资金(QNJJ2203)

Identification and Evaluation Method for Germinability under Submerged Condition in Rice and Germplasm Screening

SUN Zhiguang(), LIU Yan, LI Jingfang, ZHOU Zhenling, XING Yungao, XU Bo, ZHOU Qun, WANG Derong, LU Baiguan, FANG Zhaowei, WANG Baoxiang(), XU Dayong()

Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222006, China

Received:2023-01-26 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-07-26
Contact: *wbxrice@163.com； xudayong3030@sina.com
About author:First author contact:
zhiguangsun@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

低氧胁迫下出苗率下降是限制直播稻安全生产的关键问题之一。建立准确、高效的水稻萌发耐淹性鉴定方法，并筛选强萌发耐淹性的水稻种质对直播稻新品种选育具有重要意义。本研究以20份水稻品种为供试材料，设置不同淹水深度（3 cm、6 cm、9 cm、12 cm、15 cm和18 cm）、不同处理温度（20 ℃、25 ℃和30 ℃）和不同淹水天数（3 d、5 d、7 d、9 d、11 d、13 d和15 d）进行萌发耐淹性鉴定，以胚芽鞘长度为指标进行萌发耐淹性评价，旨在明确水稻萌发耐淹性的评价方法。结果表明，水稻种质在淹水临界深度上存在籼粳间差异，粳稻的淹水临界深度为6 cm，而籼稻的淹水临界深度为9 cm；在温度梯度处理中，30 ℃时种质间的胚芽鞘长四分位差最大，因此认为30 ℃是水稻种质萌发耐淹性鉴定的最适温度；调查时期梯度试验表明，淹水11 d时参试种质的胚芽鞘长四分位差最大，因此认为淹水11 d是水稻萌发耐淹性调查的最适时期。本研究建立了一种以纯水隔绝空气，在温度30 ℃、淹水深度9 cm以上、第11 d调查胚芽鞘长度进行水稻萌发耐淹性鉴定的简便方法，为水稻种质资源的大规模鉴定提供了方法基础。依据上述确立的鉴定方法，对140份来自不同地区的水稻种质进行萌发耐淹性评价，筛选获得6份强萌发耐淹性种质（胚芽鞘长≥55 mm），为水稻萌发耐淹性遗传机制解析和育种利用提供材料基础。

关键词: 水稻, 水分胁迫, 萌发耐淹性, 种质资源, 胚芽鞘长

Abstract:

The reduction of emergence rate under hypoxia stress is a major constraint to safe production of direct-seeded rice. It is of great significance to establish an accurate and efficient identification method for anaerobic germination tolerance and to screen rice germplasm resources with strong germinability under submerged condition for breeding new cultivars adapted to direct seeding. In this study, 20 rice varieties were used as the test materials, and the germinability under submerged condition was evaluated under different depths of waterlogging (3 cm, 6 cm, 9 cm, 12 cm, 15 cm and 18 cm), different temperature conditions (20 ℃, 25 ℃ and 30 ℃) and different days of waterlogging (3 d, 5 d, 7 d, 9 d, 11 d, 13 d and 15 d), and corresponding coleoptile length was deployed as an index for evaluating anaerobic tolerance at the germination stage. The results showed that the critical depth of flooding was 6 cm for japonica rice and 9 cm for indica rice, with a significant difference between the two subspecies. Under the condition of 30℃, the coleoptile length showed the highest interquartile range among varieties in the gradient temperature treatment. Therefore, it is considered that 30 ℃ is the optimum temperature for identification anaerobic tolerance at the germination stage. The gradient days of waterlogging treatment showed that coleoptile length shown the highest interquartile range after 11 days of waterlogging stress. Therefore, it is considered that 11 day after waterlogging treatment was the best time point to investigate germinability under submerged condition in rice. In summary, a simple and effective method for screening anaerobic germination tolerance was established, with pure water isolated from air at 30 ℃, more than 9 cm depth of waterlogging, and coleoptile length was measured at the 11th day of waterlogging, which provided a method basis for large-scale identification of rice germplasm resources with strong germinability under submerged condition. By taking use of the aforementioned pipeline, 140 germplasm resources released from different regions were screened, and 6 varieties with high anaerobic germination tolerance (coleoptile length≥55 mm) were found, which might provide a material basis for underlying the genetic mechanism and utilization in breeding program adapted to direct seeding.

Key words: rice, water stress, germinability under submerged condition, germplasm resources, coleoptile length

中图分类号:

S511.037

孙志广, 刘艳, 李景芳, 周振玲, 邢运高, 徐波, 周群, 王德荣, 卢百关, 方兆伟, 王宝祥, 徐大勇. 水稻萌发耐淹性鉴定评价方法研究及种质资源筛选[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 53-58.

SUN Zhiguang, LIU Yan, LI Jingfang, ZHOU Zhenling, XING Yungao, XU Bo, ZHOU Qun, WANG Derong, LU Baiguan, FANG Zhaowei, WANG Baoxiang, XU Dayong. Identification and Evaluation Method for Germinability under Submerged Condition in Rice and Germplasm Screening[J]. China Rice, 2023, 29(4): 53-58.

图/表 6

表1 参试品种名称及来源

表2 不同处理下胚芽鞘长描述性统计分析

图1 不同低氧条件下籼粳稻胚芽鞘长的比较 A，30 ℃条件下，不同淹水深度籼粳稻的胚芽鞘长度；B，淹水20 cm条件下，不同环境温度籼粳稻的胚芽鞘长度；C，温度30℃、淹水20 cm条件下，不同淹水天数籼粳稻的胚芽鞘长度。*表示在0.05水平上差异显著，**表示在0.01水平上差异显著。

图2 不同低氧胁迫下籼粳稻胚芽鞘长的四分位差 A，不同温度条件下籼粳稻胚芽鞘长的四分位差；B，不同淹水天数条件下籼粳稻胚芽鞘长的四分位差。

图3 籽粒性状与萌发耐淹性的相关性分析 A，参试种质籽粒性状与萌发耐淹性的相关性分析；B，参试粳稻种质籽粒性状与萌发耐淹性的相关性分析；C，参试籼稻种质籽粒性状与萌发耐淹性的相关性分析。圆形的颜色与Pearson相关系数值相关，颜色越深表示正（红色）或负（蓝色）相关性越高，*表示在0.05水平上差异显著。TGW，千粒重；BRR，糙米率；GAS，谷物截面积；GPL，谷粒周长；GLWR，长宽比；GL，粒长；GW，粒宽；CL，胚芽鞘长。

图4 140份种质资源萌发耐淹性频率分布直方图

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水稻萌发耐淹性鉴定评价方法研究及种质资源筛选

Identification and Evaluation Method for Germinability under Submerged Condition in Rice and Germplasm Screening

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