两系杂交粳稻育种研究进展与展望

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2025.04.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

两系法杂交稻在挖掘水稻杂种优势、保障我国粮食安全方面意义重大，但至2025年5月，两系杂交粳稻国审品种仅10个，只占同期国审水稻品种数的0.23%。本文基于两系杂交粳稻的发展现状，总结了粳型两用核不育系选育的进展、粳型两用核不育系光温敏雄性不育遗传位点及机制，深入剖析了其发展远落后于两系杂交籼稻的原因，并针对性地提出了未来发展对策，旨在为推动两系杂交粳稻的选育与应用提供有益的建议和参考。

关键词: 两系杂交粳稻, 光温敏核不育系, 研究进展, 展望

Abstract:

Two-line hybrid rice is of great significance in harnessing the heterosis of rice and ensuring China’s food security. By May 2025, there were only 10 national approved varieties of two-line hybrid japonica rice, accounting for just 0.23% of the national approved rice varieties during same the period. Based on the current development status of two-line hybrid japonica rice, this paper summarized the progress in the breeding of japonica dual-purpose genic male sterile lines and the genetic loci and mechanisms of photo-thermo-sensitive male sterility in japonica dual-purpose genic male sterile lines, and conducted an in-depth analysis of the reasons why its development lags far behind that of two-line hybrid indica rice. Furthermore, it puts forward targeted countermeasures for future development, aiming to provide valuable suggestions and references for promoting the breeding and application of two-line hybrid japonica rice.

Key words: two-line hybrid japonica rice, PTGMS line, research progress, prospect

中图分类号:

S511.032

董维, 沈锡琼, 谷安宇, 涂建, 奎丽梅, 蒋啟勇, 李小林. 两系杂交粳稻育种研究进展与展望[J]. 中国稻米, 2025, 31(4): 26-31.

DONG Wei, SHEN Xiqiong, GU Anyu, TU Jian, KUI Limei, JIANG Qiyong, LI Xiaolin. Research Progress and Prospects of Two-Line Hybrid Japonica Rice Breeding[J]. China Rice, 2025, 31(4): 26-31.

图/表 2

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