粳稻不育系育种研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2025.06.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于国家水稻数据中心所收集的粳稻不育系数据，统计分析了我国近20年粳稻不育系的审定数量、柱头外露率、异交结实率以及米质情况。通过对这些数据的系统梳理，小结了我国粳稻不育系的选育现状和应用情况。同时，本文还详细分析了在粳稻不育系选育及应用过程中存在的问题，并针对性地提出了相应的育种策略。研究结果显示，从不育系审定数量来看，BT型不育系占据主导地位；在不育系的败育类型中，以染色体败育为主；不育系的品质和异交结实率仍有待进一步提升。

关键词: 粳稻, 不育系, 育种现状

Abstract:

Based on the data on japonica rice sterile lines collected by the National Rice Data Center, a comprehensive statistical analysis has been conducted on the number, stigma exposure rate, outcrossing rate, and rice quality of approved japonica rice sterile lines in China over the past 20 years. Through systematic organization of these data, a summary of the current status of breeding, as well as the application of japonica rice sterile lines in China, has been presented. Furthermore, this paper provides a detailed analysis of the issues encountered in the breeding and application processes of japonica rice sterile lines, and proposes targeted breeding strategies accordingly. The research results revealed that, in terms of the number of approved japonica rice sterile lines, BT-type sterile lines occupy a dominant position; among the types of abortion in japonica rice sterile lines, chromosomal abortion is predominant; and there was still room for further improvement in the quality and outcrossing rate of japonica rice sterile lines.

Key words: japonica rice, sterile line, breeding status

中图分类号:

S511.02

方钻, 邬闪闪, 杨任远, 陈鹏, 陈梦洁, 翟荣荣, 叶靖, 巫明明, 叶胜海. 粳稻不育系育种研究进展[J]. 中国稻米, 2025, 31(6): 25-32.

FANG Zuan, WU Shangshang, YANG Renyuan, CHEN Peng, CHEN Mengjie, ZHAI Rongrong, YE Jing, WU Mingming, YE Shenghai. Research Progress on Breeding of Sterile Lines in Japonica Rice in China[J]. China Rice, 2025, 31(6): 25-32.

图/表 3

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