中国稻米

中国稻米 ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 107-112.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.02.017

• 品种与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

粽子专用型糯稻新品种筛选及抗性基因分子鉴定

孙秋艾1, 黄雨荷1, 祝宇轩1,2, 赵凤利1,2, 季芝娟1,2, 占小登2, 孙廉平2, 吕青3, 魏兴华1,2,*(), 洪永波1,2,*()   

  1. 1三亚中国农业科学院国家南繁研究院，海南 三亚 572000
    2中国水稻研究所，杭州 310006
    3海南经济特区沃佳农业股份有限公司，海南 三亚 572000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-26 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-03-11
  • 通讯作者: *weixinghua@caas.cn；hongyongbo@caas.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国农业科学院南繁专项(YBXM2421);中国农业科学院南繁专项(ZDXM2317);南繁育种中心创新工程项目;农业农村部重点项目(NK202205060104)

Screening of New Glutinous Rice Varieties for Zongzi Production and Molecular Identification of Their Resistance Genes

SUN Qiu'ai1, HUANG Yuhe1, ZHU Yuxuan1,2, ZHAO Fengli1,2, JI Zhijuan1,2, ZHAN Xiaodeng2, SUN Lianping2, LV Qing3, WEI Xinghua1,2,*(), HONG Yongbo1,2,*()   

  1. 1Sanya National Nanfan Research Institute, China Academy of Agricultural Science, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
    2China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
    3Hainan Special Economic Zone Wojia Industrial Co., Ltd., Sanya, Hainan 572000, China

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摘要：

为筛选出适宜在海南地区种植、兼具高产与多抗特性的粽子专用型糯稻新品种，本研究以20个糯稻新品种为材料，在海南三亚开展田间筛选试验。利用13对稻瘟病和白叶枯病抗性基因分子标记对各品种进行基因型鉴定，并综合评价其产量性状、抗倒性及抗病性。结果表明，籼糯品种桂育糯198株高适中，抗倒伏能力强，产量较高，两年平均单产426.5 kg/667 m2，具有较好的推广价值；新品种桂丰黑糯166富含花青素，可作为高端粽子原料，两年平均单产376.4 kg/667 m2，亦具备良好的应用前景。抗病基因分子标记鉴定显示，抗稻瘟病基因Pib的分布频率最高，达71.43%；其次为Pikh、Pi5和Pita，检出率分别为42.86%、42.86%和33.33%。稻瘟病抗性基因Pi1、Pit及白叶枯病抗性基因Xa21和Xa23均未检出。本研究筛选出适宜海南种植的糯稻新品种，并初步明确了其抗性遗传背景，为后续抗性育种提供了理论依据。

关键词: 糯稻, 品种筛选, 分子标记, 抗性基因, 海南

Abstract:

To screen for new glutinous rice varieties suitable for cultivation in Hainan, characterized by high yield, multi-resistance, and specific suitability for zongzi (rice dumpling) production, this study conducted a field screening trial in Sanya, Hainan, using 20 new glutinous rice varieties. Genotypic identification was performed on each variety using 13 pairs of molecular markers for blast and bacterial blight resistance genes. A comprehensive evaluation was carried out on agronomic traits including yield characteristics, lodging resistance, and disease resistance. The results indicated that the indica glutinous rice variety Guiyunuo 198 exhibited moderate plant height, strong lodging resistance, and high yield, with a two-year average yield of 426.5 kg/667 m2, demonstrating good promotion potential. Another new variety, Guifengheinuo 166, rich in anthocyanins and suitable as a raw material for premium zongzi, showed a two-year average yield of 376.4 kg/667 m2, also indicating promising application prospects. Molecular marker analysis for disease resistance genes revealed that the blast resistance gene Pib had the highest distribution frequency at 71.43%, followed by Pikh, Pi5, and Pita, with detection rates of 42.86%, 42.86%, and 33.33%, respectively. The rice blast resistance genes Pi1 and Pit, as well as the bacterial leaf blight resistance genes Xa21 and Xa23, were not detected. This study successfully identified new glutinous rice varieties suitable for planting in Hainan and preliminarily clarified their resistance genetic background, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent resistance breeding.

Key words: glutinous rice, variety screening, molecular markers, resistance genes, Hainan

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