腐殖酸提高噁霉灵抑制水稻立枯病的作用效果研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.01.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由尖孢镰刀菌侵染引起的立枯病为害严重，不利于水稻的安全、高效生产。在生产实践中，目前主要依赖噁霉灵等化学杀菌剂来防控水稻立枯病。然而，长期不合理使用这些化学杀菌剂，不仅降低药效，还污染环境。利用腐殖酸等绿色农药增效剂是解决这一问题的重要途径。本研究旨在探明腐殖酸对不同浓度噁霉灵抑制水稻立枯病效果的影响，以期实现噁霉灵的减量增效使用。试验结果表明，腐殖酸能够显著提升不同浓度噁霉灵的抑菌率，并降低不同浓度噁霉灵处理水稻立枯病的发病率，对低浓度噁霉灵（150 mg/L和150 mg/kg）增效作用优于高浓度噁霉灵处理。差异来源分析表明，无论是腐殖酸单独处理，还是与不同浓度噁霉灵复配处理，均对立枯病的发病率、水稻出苗率和生物量有显著影响，但仅腐殖酸单独处理能够显著影响水稻株高。综上所述，腐殖酸能够显著增强低浓度噁霉灵的抑病效果，将腐殖酸与噁霉灵复配使用，是一种重要的增效减药策略，有助于推动水稻立枯病的绿色防控。

关键词: 水稻, 立枯病, 腐殖酸, 噁霉灵, 相对增效率

Abstract:

Rice seedling blight, caused by infection of Fusarium oxysporum, poses a severe threat to the safe and efficient production of rice. Currently, in agricultural practices, chemical fungicides such as hymexazol are primarily relied upon for the prevention and control of rice seedling blight. However, the long-term irrational use of these chemical fungicides not only leads to a decrease in their efficacy but also pollutes the environment. Using green pesticide synergists, such as humic acid, is an important approach to addressing this issue. This study aims to explore the effects of humic acid on the efficacy of hymexazol at different concentrations in inhibiting rice seedling blight, thereby achieving reduced use and enhanced effectiveness of hymexazol. The experimental results showed that humic acid significantly increased the inhibition rate of hymexazol at different concentrations and reduced the incidence of seedling blight under various hymexazol treatments. Furthermore, in treatments with low concentrations of hymexazol (150 mg/L and 150 mg/kg), the relative synergistic efficiency of humic acid was significantly higher than that in treatments with higher concentrations of hymexazol. Analysis of variance sources indicated that both humic acid treatment alone and its combination with hymexazol at different concentrations could significantly affect the incidence of seedling blight, seedling emergence rate, and rice seedling biomass. However, only humic acid treatment alone could significantly influence the plant height of rice. In summary, humic acid can significantly enhance the disease-suppressing effect of low-concentration hymexazol. The combined use of humic acid and hymexazol represents an important strategy for synergizing efficacy and reducing pesticide usage, which contributes to promoting green prevention and control of rice seedling blight.

Key words: rice, seedling blight, humic acid, hymexazol, relative synergistic effect

中图分类号:

周宇杰, 骆琴, 李润景, 曹子建, 蒋楠. 腐殖酸提高噁霉灵抑制水稻立枯病的作用效果研究[J]. 中国稻米, 2026, 32(1): 113-117.

ZHOU Yujie, LUO Qin, LI Runjing, CAO Zijian, JIANG Nan. [J]. China Rice, 2026, 32(1): 113-117.

图/表 4

图1 不同浓度噁霉灵与腐殖酸复配对噁霉灵抑菌效果的影响 A，镰刀菌生长情况；B，腐殖酸显著提高不同浓度噁霉灵的抑菌效果；C，腐殖酸对低浓度噁霉灵的相对增效率最高；同一图片图柱上不同小写字母表示处理间差异在0.05水平显著。下

图2 不同浓度噁霉灵与腐殖酸复配对立枯病发病率的影响

图3 不同浓度噁霉灵与腐殖酸复配对水稻秧苗生长的影响

表1 差异来源分析

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