Abstract:

In order to recycle the by-products of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) for resource utilization and reduce the application of chemical fertilizers, they were formulated into a rice greening and tillering fertilizer, and a field experiment was conducted in the soda saline alkali area of Daqing, Heilongjiang Province in 2023. The experiment set up four treatments, namely conventional nitrogen fertilizer treatment (CK), CNCs by-products+conventional nitrogen fertilizer treatment (A1), CNCs by-products+70% conventional nitrogen fertilizer treatment(A2), CNCs by-products+70% conventional nitrogen fertilizer treatment+500 mL/667 m² Bacillus velezensis bacterial liquid (A3). The yield and quality traits of conventional japonica rice variety Suijing 18 were measured under different treatments. The results indicated that the theoretical and actual yield of rice were in the order of A1>A3>CK>A2. The actual yield of rice in the A1 treatment increased by 26.17%, 39.23%, and 24.30% compared to CK, A2, and A3 treatments, respectively. Adding CNCs by-products could improve rice yield components, primary and secondary stem traits, and significantly enhance rice processing quality, but significantly reduce grain length, aspect ratio, protein content, and amylose content. Compared with A2 treatment, A3 treatment could significantly improve the spike weight, grain density, yield structure, secondary branch stalk setting, and processing quality of rice. All treatments had minimal effect on the cooking and eating quality of rice. This indicated that the combined use of CNCs by-products and Bacillus velezensis could enhance the efficiency of greening and tillering fertilizer, significantly improve rice yield and quality.

Key words: rice, Cellulose nanocrystals by-products, Bacillus velezensis, greening and tillering fertilizer, yield, grain quality

摘要：

为资源化利用纤维素纳米晶（Cellulose nanocrystals，CNCs）副产物及降低化肥施用量，将其配制成水稻返青分蘖肥，于2023年在黑龙江大庆苏打盐碱地区进行了田间试验。试验设置4个处理，即常规施氮肥处理（CK）、CNCs副产物+常规施氮肥处理（A1）、CNCs副产物+70%常规施氮量处理（A2）、CNCs副产物+70%常规施氮量+500 mL/667 m²贝莱斯芽孢杆菌（Bacillus velezensis）菌液处理（A3），测定不同处理下常规粳稻品种绥粳18产量以及稻米品质性状指标。结果表明，水稻理论和实际产量高低顺序均为A1>A3>CK>A2，其中，A1处理的实际产量比CK、A2、A3处理分别提高26.17%、39.23%和24.30%。添加CNCs副产物可以提高水稻产量构成因子、一次及二次枝梗性状，同时可以显著提升稻米加工品质，但显著降低粒长、长宽比、蛋白质含量以及直链淀粉含量。与A2处理相比，A3处理可以显著提高水稻穗质量、穗着粒密度、产量构成因子、二次枝梗结实率和加工品质等性状。所有处理对稻米的蒸煮食味品质影响均极小。表明CNCs副产物和B. velezensis结合使用能够提升返青分蘖肥的肥效，显著提高水稻产量和稻米品质。

关键词: 水稻, 纤维素纳米晶副产物, 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌, 返青分蘖肥, 产量, 米质