关键词: 水稻, 新《种子法》, 品种审定, 监管机制, 山东

Abstract:

On March 1, 2022, the newly revised Seed Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the “New Seed Law”) officially came into force. Alongside it, the concurrently revised Measures for the Approval of Main Crop Varieties systematically restructured the crop variety approval system, clarifying a reform orientation of “optimizing standards, simplifying procedures, strengthening supervision, and stimulating vitality.” Anchoring closely to the core requirements of the New Seed Law, this study takes the full-process practice of rice variety approval in Shandong Province from 2022 to 2024 as its empirical sample. From four dimensions—alignment of institutional systems, upgrading of testing systems, innovation of supervision mechanisms, and evaluation of practical effectiveness—it systematically analyzes the adjustment pathways and operational characteristics of provincial-level rice variety approval work. The findings reveal that Shandong Province has achieved precise alignment with the New Seed Law by revising local approval standards, weaving a diversified testing network, and establishing an end-to-end supervision framework. Meanwhile, it was also found that the current variety approval process still faces practical challenges, such as imperfection of the testing system for special types of varieties, the difficulty in supervising independent trials, and the need to enhance techincal support capabilities. Building on these insights, targeted optimization pathways are proposed, aiming to provide theoretical references and practical paradigms for the high-quality development of provincial crop variety approval work under the framework of the New Seed Law.

Key words: rice, New Seed Law, variety approval, supervision mechanism, Shandong