叶面喷施纳米硅对盐胁迫下水稻产量及生理特性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2025.05.010

中国稻米 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 65-70.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2025.05.010

叶面喷施纳米硅对盐胁迫下水稻产量及生理特性的影响

韦任园¹(), 李荣凯¹, 谭彬², 崔茂亚¹, 刘知博¹, 刘嘉桐¹, 韦还和¹, 戴其根¹, 许轲¹, 陈英龙¹^,^*()

¹扬州大学/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心/水稻产业工程技术研究院，江苏扬州 225009
²淄博市粮食和物资储备保障中心，山东淄博 255046

收稿日期:2025-05-10 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-09-11
通讯作者: *chenyinglong@yzu.edu.cn
作者简介:
第一作者：Weiry979@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2022YFD1900704-05);国家重点研发计划项目子课题(CX(23)1020);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX24_2273)

Effects of Foliar Application of Nano-Silicon on Rice Yield and Physiological Characteristics under Salt Stress

WEI Renyuan¹(), LI Rongkai¹, TAN Bin², CUI Maoya¹, LIU Zhibo¹, LIU Jiatong¹, WEI Huanhe¹, DAI Qigen¹, XU Ke¹, CHEN Yinglong¹^,^*()

¹Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Industrial Technology of Grain Crops/Academy of Rice Industry Engineering Technology, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
²Zibo City Grain and Materials Reserve Security Center, Zibo, Shandong 255046, China

Received:2025-05-10 Published:2025-09-20 Online:2025-09-11
About author:
1st author: Weiry979@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以南粳9108为供试品种，在育秧期间设置纳米硅叶面喷施（5.5 g/L）和清水喷施处理，之后将秧苗分别移栽到设置有3个盐浓度梯度（0、0.2%、0.3%）的桶中，探究叶面喷施纳米硅对盐胁迫环境下水稻产量及其生理特性的影响。结果显示，与对照组相比，盐胁迫明显抑制了水稻生长，表现为显著降低光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、胞间二氧化碳浓度（Ci）以及气孔导度（Gs），同时促进了丙二醛（MDA）含量的上升；在0.2%和0.3%的盐浓度处理下，水稻产量分别减少44.75%和74.45%。叶面喷施纳米硅能够有效促进盐胁迫下水稻的生长，提高抽穗期叶片的光合作用能力，进一步增强抗氧化酶活性，抑制活性氧（ROS）的累积，显著降低MDA含量，从而缓解水稻氧化损伤。在0.2%和0.3%盐浓度条件下，喷施纳米硅处理较喷清水处理分别增产15.15%和16.54%。综上所述，外源喷施5.5 g/L的纳米硅能够在一定程度上缓解盐胁迫对水稻生长的抑制作用，提高盐碱地水稻的产量。

关键词: 纳米硅, 盐胁迫, 水稻, 产量, 生理特性

Abstract:

In this experiment, Nanggeng 9108 was used as the test variety. During the seedling-raising period, treatments of nano-silicon spraying (5.5 g/L) and water spraying (as control) were applied. Subsequently, the seedlings were transplanted into buckets with three salt concentration gradients (0%, 0.2%, and 0.3%). The objective was to investigate the effects of foliar application of nano-silicon on rice yield and its physiological characteristics under salt stress conditions. The results showed that compared with the control, salt stress significantly inhibited rice growth, manifested by a notable decrease in photosynthetic rate(Pn), transpiration rate(Tr), intercellular CO₂ concentration(Ci), and stomatal conductance(Gs), while promoting an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Under 0.2% and 0.3% salt concentration treatments, rice yields decreased by 44.75% and 74.45%, respectively. Foliar application of nano-silicon effectively promoted rice growth under salt stress, enhanced the photosynthetic capacity of leaves during the heading stage, further increased antioxidant enzyme activity, inhibited the accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS), and significantly reduced MDA content, thereby alleviating oxidative damage in rice. Under 0.2% and 0.3% salt concentration conditions, foliar application of nano-silicon treatment increased yield by 15.15% and 16.54%, respectively, compared to foliar application of water treatment. In summary, exogenous application of 5.5 g/L nano-silicon can alleviate the inhibitory effect of salt stress on rice growth to a certain extent and increase rice yield in saline-alkali soil.

Key words: nano-silicon, salt stress, rice, yield, physiological characteristics

中图分类号:

S511.062

韦任园, 李荣凯, 谭彬, 崔茂亚, 刘知博, 刘嘉桐, 韦还和, 戴其根, 许轲, 陈英龙. 叶面喷施纳米硅对盐胁迫下水稻产量及生理特性的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2025, 31(5): 65-70.

WEI Renyuan, LI Rongkai, TAN Bin, CUI Maoya, LIU Zhibo, LIU Jiatong, WEI Huanhe, DAI Qigen, XU Ke, CHEN Yinglong. Effects of Foliar Application of Nano-Silicon on Rice Yield and Physiological Characteristics under Salt Stress[J]. China Rice, 2025, 31(5): 65-70.

图/表 7

表1 盐胁迫下叶面喷施纳米硅对水稻产量及其构成因子的影响

表2 盐胁迫下叶面喷施纳米硅对水稻株高的影响（单位：cm）

表3 盐胁迫下叶面喷施纳米硅对水稻茎蘖动态的影响（单位：个/pot）

表4 盐胁迫下叶面喷施纳米硅对水稻植株地上部干物质量的影响（单位：g/pot）

表5 盐胁迫下叶面喷施纳米硅对水稻叶片SPAD值的影响

图1 盐胁迫下叶面喷施纳米硅对抽穗期水稻叶片光合作用的影响图柱上不同小写字母表示处理间差异在0.05水平显著。下同。

图2 盐胁迫下叶面喷施纳米硅对抽穗期水稻剑叶抗氧化酶活性及MDA含量的影响

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叶面喷施纳米硅对盐胁迫下水稻产量及生理特性的影响

Effects of Foliar Application of Nano-Silicon on Rice Yield and Physiological Characteristics under Salt Stress

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