有机肥施用对盐碱地土壤理化特性和水稻生长发育的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.01.008

中国稻米 ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 39-46.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.01.008

有机肥施用对盐碱地土壤理化特性和水稻生长发育的影响

张翔¹, 耿孝宇¹, 汪璐璐¹^,², 马唯一¹, 左博源¹, 朱济邹¹, 刘洋¹, 盛小洲¹, 高平磊¹, 陈英龙¹, 韦还和¹^,^*(), 戴其根¹^,^*()

¹江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心/农业农村部盐碱土改良与利用（滨海盐碱地）重点实验室/国家耐盐碱水稻技术创新中心华东中心/扬州大学水稻产业工程技术研究院，江苏扬州 225009
²扬州大学教育部农业与农产品安全国际合作联合实验室/扬州大学农业科技发展研究院，江苏扬州 225009

收稿日期:2025-09-14 出版日期:2026-01-20 发布日期:2026-01-13
通讯作者: *006931@yzu.edu.cn;
qgdai@yzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金(BE2022304);江苏省高等学校基础科学（自然科学）研究重大项目(24KJA210002)

Effects of Organic Fertilizer Application on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Rice Growth and Development in Saline-Alkali Land

ZHANG Xiang¹, GENG Xiaoyu¹, WANG Lulu¹^,², MA Weiyi¹, ZUO Boyuan¹, ZHU Jizou¹, LIU Yang¹, SHENG Xiaozhou¹, GAO Pinglei¹, CHEN Yinglong¹, WEI Huanhe¹^,^*(), DAI Qigen¹^,^*()

¹Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology/Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Grain Crop Industry Technology/Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Coastal Saline-Alkali Land), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/East China Branch of National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice/Rice Industry Engineering and Technology Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
²Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Agriculture and Agricultural Products Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University/Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China

Received:2025-09-14 Published:2026-01-20 Online:2026-01-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

盐碱地是我国重要的后备耕地资源和“潜在粮仓”。盐碱地因其土壤盐分高、结构差、养分含量低，严重制约了作物生产和产量品质的提升。已有研究表明，有机肥施用可有效改善盐碱地土壤理化特性，有效缓解盐分对水稻生长发育、产量和品质形成的抑制效应。本文介绍了有机肥的定义及其产品分类，概述了有机肥施用对盐碱地土壤理化性质、土壤微生物群落、土壤酶活性的影响，剖析了有机肥施用对盐碱地水稻生长发育、产量和品质形成的影响效应及其生理机制，对未来有机肥产品创新与施用技术优化提出了建议，以期为保障盐碱地土壤改良效率与水稻产量和品质提升提供科学依据。

关键词: 盐碱地, 有机肥, 水稻, 土壤理化特性, 生长发育

Abstract:

Saline-alkali land is an important reserve arable resource and a “potential grain warehouse” in China. However, its high soil salinity, poor structural properties, and low nutrient content severely constrain crop productivity and quality improvement. Existing studies have demonstrated that the application of organic fertilizers can effectively improve the physicochemical properties of saline-alkali soils and alleviate the adverse effects of salinity on rice development, yield, and quality. This paper introduces the definition and classification of organic fertilizers, summarizes their effects on the physicochemical properties of saline-alkali soils, the composition of soil microbial communities, and soil enzyme activities. Furthermore, it analyzes the influence and physiological mechanisms of organic fertilizer application on rice growth, yield, and quality in saline-alkali environments. Finally, it offers recommendations for future innovations in organic fertilizer products and the optimization of application technologies, aiming to provide a scientific foundation for enhancing soil improvement efficiency and promoting rice yield and quality in saline-alkali lands.

Key words: saline-alkali land, organic fertilizer, rice, physical and chemical properties of soil, growth and development

中图分类号:

S511.062

张翔, 耿孝宇, 汪璐璐, 马唯一, 左博源, 朱济邹, 刘洋, 盛小洲, 高平磊, 陈英龙, 韦还和, 戴其根. 有机肥施用对盐碱地土壤理化特性和水稻生长发育的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2026, 32(1): 39-46.

ZHANG Xiang, GENG Xiaoyu, WANG Lulu, MA Weiyi, ZUO Boyuan, ZHU Jizou, LIU Yang, SHENG Xiaozhou, GAO Pinglei, CHEN Yinglong, WEI Huanhe, DAI Qigen. Effects of Organic Fertilizer Application on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Rice Growth and Development in Saline-Alkali Land[J]. China Rice, 2026, 32(1): 39-46.

图/表 1

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有机肥施用对盐碱地土壤理化特性和水稻生长发育的影响

Effects of Organic Fertilizer Application on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Rice Growth and Development in Saline-Alkali Land

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