中国稻米

中国稻米 ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 61-66.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.05.011

• 专论与研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同土壤调理剂对浙东水网平原稻田镉污染阻控及水稻产量的调控效应

石其伟1(), 马嘉伟2, 刘文彬3, 伍少福4,*()   

  1. 1 绍兴市柯桥区农业水产技术推广站， 浙江 绍兴 312030
    2 浙江农林大学 茶学与茶文化院 311300， 杭州， 浙江 杭州 311300
    3 浙江农林大学 全省土壤修复与质量提升重点实验室， 杭州 311300
    4 绍兴市粮油作物技术推广中心， 浙江 绍兴 312000
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-01 出版日期:2026-09-20 发布日期:2026-09-04
  • 通讯作者: * sf_wu@163.com
  • 作者简介:

    第一作者：13252111356@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    浙江省受污染耕地安全利用项目(2024)

Regulation Effects of Different Soil Amendments on Cadmium Contention and Rice Yield in Paddy Fields of the Water Network Plain in Eastern Zhejiang Province

SHI Qiwei1(), MA Jiawei2, LIU Wenbin3, WU Shaofu4,*()   

  1. 1 Shaoxing Keqiao District Agricultural and Aquatic Technology Extension Station, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312030, China
    2 College of Tea Science and Tea Culture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
    3 Key Laboratory of Soil Remediation and Quality Improvement in Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
    4 Shaoxing Grain and Oil Crop Technology Extension Center, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China

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摘要：

为筛选适用于浙东水网平原轻度镉（Cd）污染农田的水稻安全生产土壤调理剂，通过田间小区试验，系统探究550 ℃低温生物炭、700 ℃高温生物炭、特贝钙（石灰石）及牡蛎钙（牡蛎壳粉）4种土壤调理剂对土壤理化性质、Cd有效性、水稻重金属积累转运特性及产量的调控效果。结果表明，与不施调理剂对照（CK）相比，施用4种调理剂均可提升土壤pH，增幅为0.17~0.58个单位，其中牡蛎钙改良土壤酸度效果最优；生物炭可显著提升土壤有机质含量，增幅达35.18%~45.27%，钙基调理剂处理对土壤有机质无显著影响；施用调理剂能显著降低土壤有效态Cd含量，降幅为27.58%~41.38%，施用特贝钙的处理固Cd效果最佳；施用调理剂可显著降低水稻根系、茎秆及糙米Cd含量，较CK分别降低18.04%、44.32%和26.08%，使糙米Cd含量符合国家食品安全限量标准。水稻各器官重金属富集系数整体表现为根>茎>叶>籽粒，施用调理剂可显著降低根系与籽粒Cd富集系数，施用特贝钙和高温生物炭的处理效果较优，且二者可有效抑制Cd由根系向茎秆、地上部再向籽粒转运。水稻产量方面，施用高温生物炭的处理增产效果最显著，较CK增产17.73%。重金属复合改良效果表明，施用特贝钙可同步显著降低籽粒铅（Pb）、砷（As）含量；施用生物炭可降低籽粒Cd、Cr、Pb含量，但存在提升籽粒As含量的风险；施用牡蛎钙对籽粒Pb、Cr含量无明显降低效果。相关性分析表明，土壤pH与土壤有效态Cd和籽粒Cd含量呈极显著负相关，提升土壤pH是降低土壤Cd有效性、阻控水稻Cd积累的核心机制。综合来看，特贝钙在水稻籽粒降Cd及重金属复合污染防控上优势显著，高温生物炭兼具良好降Cd效果与增产效益，二者均适宜在浙东水网平原轻度Cd污染稻田推广应用；牡蛎钙存在提高籽粒As累积风险，在该区域需谨慎选用。

关键词: 土壤调理剂, 水稻, 镉污染, 重金属积累, 转运特性, 土壤理化性质

Abstract:

To screen suitable soil amendments for safe rice production in paddy fields with mild cadmium (Cd) pollution in the water network plain of eastern Zhejiang Province, a field plot experiment was conducted. Four soil amendments—low-temperature biochar (550 ℃), high-temperature biochar (700 ℃), Tebeicalcium (limestone), and oyster shell calcium (oyster shell powder)—were applied to systematically investigate their regulatory effects on soil physicochemical properties, Cd bioavailability, heavy metal accumulation and translocation in rice, and rice yield. The results showed that, compared with the control (CK, no amendment), all four amendments increased soil pH by 0.17 to 0.58 units, with oyster shell calcium demonstrating the most effective improvement in soil acidity. Biochar treatments significantly increased soil organic matter (SOM) content by 35.18%-45.27%, whereas calcium-based amendments had no significant effect on SOM. The applation of amendments significantly reduced the available Cd content in the soil by 27.58%-41.38%, with Tebeicalcium showing the best immobilization effect. The application of amendments significantly decreased Cd concentrations in rice roots, stems, and brown rice by 18.04%, 44.32%, and 26.08%, respectively, ensuring that brown rice Cd levels met the national food safety standards. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of heavy metals in rice organs followed the order: root>stem>leaf>grain. Amendment application significantly reduced the BCF in roots and grains; specifically, Tebeicalcium and high-temperature biochar showed superior performance and effectively inhibited Cd translocation from roots to stems and from aboveground parts to grains. Regarding yield, high-temperature biochar treatment achieved the most significant increase, yielding 17.73% higher than CK. Comprehensive analysis of heavy metal remediation indicated that Tebeicalcium simultaneously and significantly reduced lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) contents in grains. Biochar application reduced grain Cd, chromium(Cr), and Pb contents but posed a risk of increasing As accumulation. Oyster shell calcium showed no significant improvement in Pb or Cr levels. Correlation analysis revealed a highly significant negative correlation between soil pH and both soil available Cd and grain Cd content, indicating that increasing soil pH is the core mechanism for reducing Cd bioavailability and blocking Cd accumulation in rice. In conclusion, Tebeicalcium exhibits significant advantages in reducing grain Cd and controlling compound heavy metal pollution, while high-temperature biochar offers both effective Cd reduction and yield benefits. Both are suitable for promotion in mildly Cd-polluted paddy fields in the water network plain of eastern Zhejiang. Conversely, oyster shell calcium carries a risk of As accumulation in grains and should be used with caution in this region.

Key words: soil amendments, rice, cadmium pollution, heavy metal accumulation, translocation characteristics, soil physicochemical properties

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