关键词: 水稻, 智能化, 无人化, 播种, 育秧, 机插, 基质

Abstract:

Traditional methods of rice seedling-raising and transplanting in China suffer from high consumption of human and material resources and low efficiency. With the advancement of technology, intelligent and unmanned agricultural technologies have become increasingly prevalent, effectively reducing the human and material resources required for agricultural production and significantly enhancing productivity. This article provides a comprehensive review of the development, the current research status, and application cases of intelligent and unmanned rice seedling-raising and transplanting technologies. It also delves into the challenges and issues faced by these technologies and looks ahead to their future development trends. In the seedling-raising and transplanting process, intelligent seedling production lines and key agronomic techniques are combined with unmanned transplanters. These transplanters are equipped with satellite positioning and automatic navigation systems. They can achieve intelligent seedling raising and fully unmanned transplanting operations, thereby improving work efficiency to some extent. In fertilization and pesticide spraying operations, using unmanned aerial vehicle can enhance fertilizer utilization and effectively reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. However, there are still shortcomings in the accuracy, practicality, and stability of these intelligent and unmanned technologies, which necessitate ongoing optimization and improvement of these technologies.

Key words: rice, intelligent, unmanned, sowing seeds, seedling-raising, machine-transplanting, substrate