中国稻米

中国稻米 ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 94-96.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.01.016

• 品种与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

精准播种与定点抛栽对水稻秧苗素质与产量的影响

王志刚1,#, 黄颂迪2,#, 章文斌3,#, 陈惠哲1, 张玉屏1, 向镜1, 张义凯1, 徐逸文1, 王亚梁1, 陈叶平4,*   

  1. 1中国水稻研究所， 杭州 310006
    2广西柳州市柳南区现代农业产业服务中心， 广西 柳州 545007
    3新昌县种植业技术推广中心， 浙江 绍兴 312500
    4浙江省农业技术推广中心， 杭州 310020
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-30 出版日期:2026-01-20 发布日期:2026-01-13
  • 通讯作者: *通信作者
  • 作者简介:

    #共同第一作者

  • 基金资助:
    水稻抛栽育秧硬盘研发及配套育秧技术研究与应用(2024SNJF001);浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划“粮油多熟制种植模式创新及布局优化”(2023ZDXT07-2);新昌山地丘陵“水稻+”高效种植技术模式集成与示范;国家水稻产业技术体系项目(CARS-01-21);国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFD2301404)

Effects of Precision Sowing and Fixed-Point Throwing on the Seedling Quality and Yield of Rice

WANG Zhigang1,#, HUANG Songdi2,#, ZHANG Wenbin3,#, CHEN Huizhe1, ZHANG Yuping1, XIANG Jing1, ZHANG Yikai1, XU Yiwen1, WANG Yaliang1, CHEN Yeping4,*   

  1. 1China Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
    2Modern Agricultural Industry Service Center of Liunan District, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545007, China
    3Planting Industry Technology Extension Center of Xinchang County, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312500
    4Zhejiang Agricultrual Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou 310021, China
  • Received:2025-08-30 Published:2026-01-20 Online:2026-01-13
  • About author:

    #Co-first author

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摘要：

本试验以籼粳杂交稻甬优31为材料，研究了两种不同播种方式（撒播与精准播种）和两种抛秧方式（人工撒抛与定点抛栽）对水稻秧苗素质及产量的影响。结果显示，精准播种处理的秧苗在株高、叶龄、根长、茎基宽以及干质量等方面均优于撒播处理，除株高和干质量外，其余各项指标的差异均达到显著或极显著水平，这表明精准播种处理的秧苗素质明显优于撒播处理；产量及其构成因子两者尽管差异不显著，但精准播种处理的总体表现优于撒播处理。对于抛秧方式方面，定点抛栽处理的穗长、每穗实粒数、千粒重和产量分别比人工撒抛处理显著高5.39%、6.11%、2.74%和5.14%。精准播种与定点抛栽相结合的处理相较撒播与人工撒抛相结合的处理，显著增产7.38%。由此可见，精准播种与有序抛栽对于培育健壮秧苗以及实现水稻高产具有重要意义。

关键词: 水稻, 精准播种, 定点抛栽, 有序种植, 产量

Abstract:

By using indica and japonica hybrid rice Yongyou31 as material, and setting up two seeding methods(broadcast sowing and precision sowing) as well as two seedling-throwing methods(manual random throwing and fixed-point transplanting throwing), this study conducted an in-depth exploration of the impacts of different treatment methods on the quality and yield of rice seedlings. The results revealed that seedlings subjected to precision sowing outperformed those subjected to broadcast sowing in terms of plant height, leaf age, root length, stem base width, and dry weight. Moreover, except for plant height and dry weight, the differences in all other indicators reached significant or highly significant levels, fully demonstrating that the quality of seedlings in the precision sowing treatment was significantly superior to that in the broadcast sowing treatment. On the whole, the performance of the precision sowing treatment was better than that of the broadcast sowing treatment, although the impact of seeding methods on yield and its components was not significant. Regarding seedling-throwing methods, the panicle length, filled grain number, 1000-grain weight, and yield of the fixed-point transplanting throwing treatment were significantly higher than those of the manual random throwing treatment by 5.39%, 6.11%, 2.74%, and 5.14%, respectively. Furthermore, the treatment method combining precision sowing and fixed-point transplanting throwing achieved a significant yield increase of 7.38% compared to the treatment method combining broadcast sowing and manual random throwing. It can thus be seen that precision sowing and orderly seedling-throwing are of vital importance for cultivating robust seedlings and achieving high rice yields.

Key words: rice, precision sowing, fixed-point throwing, orderly planting, yield

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