中国稻米 ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 47-54.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2026.01.009

• 专论与研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

有机无机肥配施对冷凉区水稻生长与土壤养分变化的长期定位研究

辛雨薇1,2(), 曹铁华2, 李善龙2, 赵鑫2, 李涛2, 李雨桐2,3, 杨宇桐2,3, 梁烜赫1,2,*()   

  1. 1吉林农业大学 农学院长春 130118
    2吉林省农业科学院(中国农业科技东北创新中心)农业资源与环境研究所长春 130033
    3延边大学 农学院吉林 延边 133002
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-04 出版日期:2026-01-20 发布日期:2026-01-13
  • 通讯作者: *liangxuanhe_2004@163.com
  • 作者简介:

    第一作者:xywyykl2021@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    吉林省重大科技专项(20230302008NC);吉林省农业科技创新工程研究生基金项目(CXGC2024RCY009)

Long-Term Positioning Research of Combined Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Rice Production and Soil Nutrient Changes in Cold and Cool Regions

XIN Yuwei1,2(), CAO Tiehua2, LI Shanlong2, ZHAO Xin2, LI Tao2, LI Yutong2,3, YANG Yutong2,3, LIANG Xuanhe1,2,*()   

  1. 1Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
    2Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China
    3Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanbian, Jilin 133002, China
  • Received:2025-09-04 Published:2026-01-20 Online:2026-01-13
  • About author:

    1st author: xywyykl2021@163.com

摘要:

为探究有机无机肥不同比例配施对东北冷凉区水稻生长和土壤养分的影响,自2017年起,以中晚熟粳稻吉宏6为试验品种,设置了5个不同比例的有机无机肥配施处理,开展长期定位研究。结果表明,有机无机肥配施既可以为冷凉区水稻各生长阶段提供稳定且充足的养分,提升稻米品质,也能促进稻田土壤养分积累。与常规施肥处理相比,有机无机肥配施可以促进水稻有效穗的形成,增加结实率和千粒重;30%有机肥和50%有机肥配施处理的水稻较常规施肥处理分别增产3.31%和24.27%。有机无机肥配施可以增加土壤有机质和碱解氮含量,其中30%有机肥和50%有机肥配施处理的碱解氮含量比常规施肥处理分别高6.41%、9.01%。综合考虑水稻生产情况与稻田土壤养分变化,本试验选出最适宜东北冷凉区水稻生产和稻田可持续发展的最优有机无机肥配施比例是:50%有机肥氮+50%化肥氮+常规磷钾肥。

关键词: 水稻, 有机无机肥配施, 产量, 土壤养分, 冷凉区

Abstract:

To explore the effects of different ratios of organic and inorganic fertilizers application on rice growth and soil nutrients in the cold and cool regions of Northeast China, this experiment utilized the medium-to-late maturing japonica rice variety Jihong 6 as the test variety and established five treatment groups with varying ratios of organic and inorganic fertilizer since 2017 to conduct long-term positioning test. The results indicated that the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers could not only provide stable and adequate nutrients for rice at each growth stage in cold regions, and improve rice grains quality, but also promote the soil accumulation nutrient in paddy fields. Compared with conventional fertilization treatment, the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers promoted the formation of effective panicles in rice, increased the seed-setting rate and 1 000-grain weight. Rice treated with the organic fertilizers of 30% and 50% produced yields that were 3.31% and 24.27% higher, respectively, than those under conventional treatments. Compared to conventional fertilization treatment, the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers could increase the organic matter and available nitrogen content in the soil, with the available nitrogen content with the organic fertilizer treatment of 30% and 50% being 6.41% and 9.01% higher than that of conventional treatment, respectively. Considering both conditions of rice production and the changes in soil nutrients, this study identified the optimal ratio for sustainable rice production and paddy soil development in the cool regions of Northeast China as: 50% organic fertilizer N+50% chemical fertilizer N+conventional PK fertilizer.

Key words: rice, combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer, yield, soil nutrients, cold and cool regions

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